Objective: To assess the dynamic changes of microcirculation at acupoints in patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold congelation and blood stasis syndrome using laser speckle blood flow imaging. Methods: Patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome (primary dysmenorrhea group, n=53) and healthy female college students(control group, n=57) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from October 2020 to July 2022 were enrolled at Hebei University of Chinese Medicine. On the premenstrual and first day of menstruation, a laser speckle blood flow imaging system was used to measure the microcirculation blood flow perfusion on the surface of acupoints related to the conception, thoroughfare, and governor vessels, and stomach, spleen, and bladder meridians in the abdomen and lumbosacral regions. The dynamic changes in microcirculation were calculated based on the difference in average blood flow perfusion at each acupoint before and after menstruation. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of dynamic changes in microcirculation on the surface of each acupoint. The microcirculation sensitization rate of acupoints was calculated. Results: Compared with the control group, the dynamic changes in microcirculation at the following acupoints in the primary dysmenorrhea group were increased (P<0.05): conception vessel (Yinjiao[CV7], Qihai[CV6], Shimen[CV5], Guanyuan[CV4]); left thoroughfare vessel (left Huangshu[KI16], left Zhongzhu[KI15], left Siman[KI14], left Qixue[KI13], left Dahe[KI12], left Henggu[KI11]); left stomach meridian (left Tianshu[ST25], left Wailing[ST26], left Qichong[ST30]); left spleen meridian (left Daheng[SP15], left Fujie[SP14]); right thoroughfare vessel (right Huangshu[KI16], right Zhongzhu[KI15], right Siman[KI14], right Qixue[KI13], right Dahe[KI12], right Henggu[KI11]); right stomach meridian (right Wailing[ST26], right Daju[ST27], right Shuidao[ST28], right Guilai[ST29], right Qichong[ST30]); and right spleen meridian (right Fujie[SP14]). The area under the ROC curve of conception vessel (Yinjiao[CV7], Qihai[CV6], Shimen[CV5], Guanyuan[CV4]), thoroughfare vessel (right Siman[KI14], left Huangshu[KI16], right Qixue[KI13], right Zhongzhu[KI15], right Dahe[KI12], left Zhongzhu[KI15], left Siman[KI14], right Huangshu[KI16], left Qixue[KI13], right Henggu[KI11], left Henggu[KI11], left Dahe[KI12]); stomach meridian (left Tianshu[ST25], right Guilai[ST29], left Wailing[ST26], right Shuidao[ST28], right Daju[ST27], right Wailing[ST26], right Qichong[ST30], left Qichong[ST30]), and spleen meridian (left Daheng[SP15], left Fujie[SP14], right Fujie[SP14]) was 0.610-0.682 (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the sensitization rate of some acupoints in the primary dysmenorrhea group increased (P<0.05). Conclusion With the onset of menstruation, the blood flow perfusion of some acupoints in the abdomen (thoroughfare, and conception vessels, and stomach and spleen meridians) of patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold blood coagulation and blood stasis syndrome increased, and the status of acupoints changed from a resting state to an active state. These acupoints are sensitive in patients with primary dysmenorrhea and cold blood coagulation and blood stasis syndrome and have a certain diagnostic efficacy, providing a basis for further analyzing the efficacy and mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat primary dysmenorrhea with cold blood coagulation and blood stasis syndrome.

Objective To investigate the intervention effects and mechanism of icariin on prostate cancer based on network pharmacology and animal experiments.Methods The targets of icariin were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed with the String database,and core targets were screened using Cytoscape 3.9.1.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on core targets were conducted with the Metascape database to predict the mechanism of action.A PC-3 tumor-bearing mouse model of prostate cancer was established to observe the inhibitory effects of icariin alone and in combination with paclitaxel on tumor growth.Results Network pharmacology predictions suggested that icariin has potential therapeutic effects on prostate cancer,with core targets potentially including serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1(HSP90AA1),heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1(HSP90AB1),nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1(NF-κB1),tumor protein p53,etc.Animal experiments found that compared with the model control group,the tumor volume growth in the icariin group and the paclitaxel group was significantly inhibited,and the serum tumor necrosis factor content was significantly reduced,while testosterone levels did not change significantly.Both groups significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of Notch1,Jagged1 and Hes1(P<0.05),with the combined treatment group showing a more significant inhibitory effect.Conclusions Both network pharmacology and animal experimental results confirmed that icariin has a significant inhibitory effect on prostate cancer.One of the mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects may be the significant inhibition of the activated Notch signaling pathway in tumors.

Endo-periodontal lesions(EPLs)involve both the periodontium and pulp tissue and have complicated etiologies and pathogenic mechanisms,including unique anatomical and microbiological characteristics and multiple contributing factors.This etiological complexity leads to difficulties in determining patient prognosis,posing great challenges in clinical practice.Furthermore,EPL-affected teeth require multidisciplinary therapy,including periodontal therapy,endodontic therapy and others,but there is still much debate about the appropriate timing of periodontal therapy and root canal therapy.By compiling the most recent findings on the etiology,pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,diagnosis,therapy,and prognosis of EPL-affected teeth,this consensus sought to support clinicians in making the best possible treatment decisions based on both biological and clinical evidence.

Objective:To explore the complications and nutritional outcomes of Home Enteral Nutritional (HEN) in newborn surgical patients.Method:The medical records of neonates with HEN after surgery between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and complications of HEN and the nutritional status before and after HEN were analyzed.Results:A total of 66 neonates were included. The average gestational age at delivery and birth weight were (35.7 ± 3.0) weeks and (2426 ± 709) g, respectively. Diagnoses were mainly congenital esophageal atresia and intestinal diseases, such as intestinal atresia, intestinal torsion and necrotizing enterocolitis. The median age at HEN initiation was 92 (50, 112) days and HEN duration was 64 (41,95) days. HEN was conducted with tube feeding, with 14 patients (21.2%) through gastrostomy, 52 (78.8%) through nasal feeding tube, 20 (30.3%) through intermittent bolus infusion and 46 (69.7%) through continuous infusion. As for the formulas, 19 patients (28.8%) were given whole protein formula, 33 (50%) extensively hydrolyzed formula and 14 (21.2%) free amino acid-based formula. During the follow-up, 10 patients (71.4%) in gastrostomy group experienced 18 cases of catheter-related complications, including accidental removal (6 patients, 42.8%), catheter displacement (4 patients, 18.6%) and excessive granulation tissue at the gastrostomy site (4 patients, 18.6%). In nasal tube feeding group, 14 patients (26.9%) experienced 21 cases of catheter-related complications, including accidental tube removal (19 cases in 12 patients, 23.1%) and tube breakage (2 patients, 3.8%). Both the weight for age Z score and the height for age Z score were improved after HEN.Conclusions:HEN can help to improve the nutrition status in postoperative neonates. Management of catheter-related complications is challenging and warrants team work to improve the outcome of HEN.

This article reported a case of neonatal CHARGE syndrome complicated by congenital esophageal atresia. A prenatal ultrasound examination at 30 weeks of gestation revealed polyhydramnios and a small magenblase of the fetus, then fetal MRI suggested congenital esophageal atresia. The infant was born with severe asphyxia at 37 +5 gestational weeks by cesarean section due to placental abruption with a birth weight of 2 310 g. Gastric tube could not be placed after resuscitation. Congenital esophageal atresia complicated by tracheoesophageal fistula was diagnosed by esophageal imaging. Bilateral choanal atresia was detected by electronic nasopharyngoscopy and MRI. Moreover, skull defect, suspected meningocele were also observed. CHARGE syndrome was confirmed by whole exome sequencing, revealing a frameshift deletion of c.2155delA (p.Thr719GlnfsTer9) in the CHD7 gene. The infant died after withdrawing treatment.

Objective : To investigate the role of iron uptake⁃related gene iucA in the pathogenesis of Uropathogenic E. coli(UPEC) , UPEC CFT073 strain was used to construct the iucA gene deletion strain ΔiucA by λ Red homologous recombination technology , and the complemented strain C ⁃iucA was also constructed. Methods : The proliferation rates of CFT073 , ΔiucA and C ⁃iucA in Luria⁃Bertani liquid medium and sterile urine were determined by measuring the absorbance at 600 nm. Cultured 5637 human bladder cancer epithelial cells confluent monolayers were incubated with CFT073 , ΔiucA and C ⁃iucA for adhesion and invasion ability assay. C57BL/6 mouse urinary tract infection model was constructed to assess colonization ability of CFT073 , ΔiucA and C ⁃iucA in murine bladder tissues. Results : Data showed that CFT073 , ΔiucA and C ⁃iucA displayed the similar proliferation curves in LuriaBertani liquid medium(P = 0. 153) . The proliferation rate of △iucA in sterile urine was lower than that of CFT073 ( P = 0. 001) , while the proliferation rate of C ⁃iucA in sterile urine was significantly higher than that of ΔiucA (P = 0. 005) . △iucA demonstrated much lower adhesion and invasion ability compared with CFT073 ( P = 0. 007 , 0. 002) , and C ⁃iucA showed significantly higher adhesion and invasion ability than △iucA( P = 0. 046 , 0. 037) . The colonization ability of △iucA in murine bladder tissues was much lower than that of CFT073 and C ⁃iucA(P = 0. 002 , 0. 017) . Conclusion The results indicate iucA gene may contribute to the proliferation , adhesion , invasion and colonization ability of UPEC.

Objective:To study the incidences of postoperative complications and nutritional status following different timings of stoma reversal in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).Method:From January 2017 to December 2019, NEC patients receiving enterostomy surgery and later stoma reversal in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. They were assigned into three groups according to the timing of stoma reversal: early group (reversal within 8 weeks of stoma formation), middle group (reversal at 8~12 weeks from stoma formation) and late group (reversal after 12 weeks from stoma formation). Weight-for-age-Z-score (WAZ) was used to evaluate nutritional status.Result:A total of 56 infants were enrolled, including 6 cases in the early group, 11 cases in the middle group, and 39 cases in the late group. The gestational age and birth weight were (33.4±3.4) weeks and (1 894±640) g, respectively. The median age of stoma formation and the interval between stoma formation and reversal were 16.5 (8.0, 28.2) days and 94.0 (76.5, 126.5) days. No significant differences existed on gestational age, birth weight, age of stoma formation and complications of stoma reversal among the three groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of growth retardation (WAZ<-2) was 14.3% at stoma formation, and significantly increased to 62.5% at stoma reversal ( P<0.05). The WAZ at stoma reversal in early, middle and late groups were (-3.2±1.9), (-3.0±1.6) and (-2.3±1.5), without significant differences( P>0.05). The WAZ gradually increased to (-0.7±1.2), (-0.1±2.0) and (-0.1±0.8) at 42~48 weeks after reversal, respectively. Conclusion:The timing of stoma reversal may not influence the complications of reversal. Growth retardation are common in NEC infants with stoma formation and stoma reversal may improve the nutritional status of the infants. Early reversal of stoma is suggested to improve the nutritional status of patients with poor weight gain after stoma formation.

Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease in children.Currently, symptomatic control can be achieved in the majority of patients through a combination of β 2 receptor agonists for rapid relief of symptoms and inhaled corticosteroids for long-term control.As the only causal treatment modality at present, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) may modify the natural course of asthma, and can control the symptoms, reduce airway hyperresponsiveness and improve lung function.In order to provide evidence for improving the effect of AIT on asthma, the mechanism of AIT in asthma and its effect on lung function were discussed in this paper.

Objective: To study the prevalence and correlates of unprotected sexual intercourse within HIV serodiscordant couples in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, in 2014. Methods: This study was based on the follow-up investigation of "the AIDS cohort of seronegative spouses of HIV-infected individuals in Dehong prefecture" in 2014. The 1 520 participants were HIV seronegative spouses from all five counties/cities of Dehong prefecture who voluntarily participated in the cohort. Inclusion criteria included: having a HIV-positive spouse; ≥16 years of age; having had sexual intercourse with spouse in the past year; and being a resident of Dehong prefecture. Information on HIV-positive spouses were also collected through the local AIDS epidemic database. Chi square analysis was performed to compare differences in the rates of unprotected sexual intercourse between participants with different characteristics and lifestyle choices. Multivariable logistic regression model analysis was performed to determine correlates with unprotected sexual intercourse. Results: The 1 520 participants had a mean age of 38.7±9.4, compared with 39.7±8.9 for their HIV-positive spouses. Among the HIV-positive spouses, 77.8% (1 183/1 520) had been infected for more than 3 years, and 87.6% (1 332/1 520) had received antiretroviral therapy. The prevalence of unprotected sexual intercourse within serodiscordant couples over the past 12 months was 16.1% (244/1 520). The prevalence of unprotected sexual intercourse correlated with the level of education of HIV-negative spouses (illiterate vs. middle school and above, OR=1.58, P=0.044), the number of years since diagnosis of HIV-positive spouses (short vs. long, OR=1.6, P=0.006), antiretroviral therapy of HIV-positive spouses (no vs. yes, OR=2.78, P<0.001), the frequency of sexual intercourse per month (high vs. low, OR=1.66, P=0.019), and whether the couple had children (no vs. yes, OR=1.72, P=0.007). Conclusion The prevalence of unprotected sexual intercourse within serodiscordant couples in Dehong prefecture was relatively high in 2014. Factors found to correlate with the occurrence of unprotected sexual intercourse within these couples included illiteracy of HIV-negative spouses, short time since diagnosis of HIV-positive spouses and lack of antiretroviral therapy, high frequency of sexual intercourse and no children.

OBJECTIVETo analyze a case with Angelman syndrome (AS) using single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) and explore its genotype-phenotype correlation.

METHODSG-banded karyotyping and SNP array were performed on a child featuring congenital malformations, intellectual disability and developmental delay. Mendelian error checking based on the SNP information was used to delineate the parental origin of detected abnormality. Result of the SNP array was validated with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

RESULTSThe SNP array has detected a 6.053 Mb deletion at 15q11.2q13.1 (22,770,421- 28,823,722) which overlapped with the critical region of AS (type 1). The parents of the child showed no abnormal results for G-banded karyotyping, SNP array and FISH analysis, indicating a de novo origin of the deletion. Mendelian error checking based on the SNP information suggested that the 15q11.2q13.1 deletion was of maternal origin.

CONCLUSIONSNP array can accurately define the size, location and parental origin of chromosomal microdeletions, which may facilitate the diagnosis of AS due to 15q11q13 deletion and better understanding of its genotype-phenotype correlation.

Angelman Syndrome ; genetics ; Child ; Genotype ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; methods ; Male ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics