The purpose of this study was to identify the tick species native to Xindi Township,Yumin County,Xinjiang,China.Preliminary morphological identification of parasitic ticks collected from animals in the area was conducted with an ultra-depth of field three-dimensional VHX 600 digital stereo microscope.Total DNA of the ticks was extracted,amplified by PCR based on the COI and ITS2 gene loci,and the posi-tive PCR products were sequenced.The sequence were a-ligned with reference sequences from the NCBI database were aligned with the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool.A genet-ic phylogenetic tree was generated with the neighbor-joining method of MEGA 7.0 software to determine the evolutionary biological characteristics of ticks.Morphological identification showed that the ticks collected from Xindi Township of Yu-min County were consistent with the characteristics of Hya-lomma asiaticum.An evolutionary tree based on the COI and ITS2 gene sequences showed that the ticks collected in this study were clustered with known H.asiaticum sequences.The PCR products of COI and ITS2 were sequenced and compared,which confirmed that the collected tick species were H.asiaticum,in agreement with the morphological and molecular biological results.These findings help to clarify the distribution of ticks in Xindi Township of Xinjiang,and provide basic data for the analysis of tick genetic and evolutionary characteristics,as reference for surveillance and control of ticks in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical treatment outcomes and the changes of the outcomes over time in extremely preterm twins in Guangdong Province, China. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for 269 pairs of extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks who were admitted to the department of neonatology in 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 2008 to December 2017. According to the admission time, they were divided into two groups: 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. Besides, each pair of twins was divided into the heavier infant and the lighter infant subgroups according to birth weight. The perinatal data of mothers and hospitalization data of neonates were collected. The survival rate of twins and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of severe asphyxia and smaller head circumference at birth (P<0.05). The mortality rates of both of the twins, the heavier infant of the twins, and the lighter infant of the twins were lower in the 2013-2017 group compared with the 2008-2012 group (P<0.05). Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of pulmonary hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (P-IVH), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and a higher incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a significant increase in the survival rate over time in extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks in the 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. The incidences of severe asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, PDA, P-IVH, and NRDS decrease in both the heavier and lighter infants of the twins, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the multidisciplinary collaboration between different fields of fetal medicine including prenatal diagnosis, obstetrics, and neonatology is needed in the future to jointly develop management strategies for twin pregnancy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Premature ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Chaihu Shugansan is a representative prescription for soothing the liver and relieving depression in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Chaihu Shugansan is from Jingyue Quanshu.Chaihu Shugansan has been widely used in clinic since Ming dynasty because of its exact curative effect.Chaihu Shugansan has the effect in soothing the liver and relieving depression through multiple components, multiple ways and multiple targets.At present, the mechanism of Chaihu Shugansan has been interpreted based on its multiple effect on neurotransmitters, cytokines, neuronal injury signal pathways, neuroendocrine, oxidative stress and so on.This paper summarizes the progress of clinical studies on source, pharmacology of single herbs and effective components of Chaihu Shugansan, in aspects of cardiovascular system, neuropsychiatric system, digestive system, reproduction-related systems, analyses and summarizes relevant literatures of Chaihu Shugansan published in recent years, and discusses about current development and shortcomings of Chaihu Shugansan, so as to provide ideas for the studies in the future.Beneficial explorations will be conducted in large-sample-size, standardized, clinical and experimental mutual verification.In proteomics research technology, network pharmacology, supramolecular theory of TCM and other fields, Chaihu Shugansan and liver depression syndrome will be organically connected from the microscopic perspective.And comprehensive studies will be conduct to TCM, metabonomics, proteomics, genomics and other disciplines, in order to clarify Chaihu Shugansan prescriptions, syndromes, therapeutics and its mechanism.

Objective To explore the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)in rat hearts with experimental autoimmune myocarditis(EAM)and the possible mechanism of resveratrol's therapeutic effect.Methods Experimental myocarditis model was established by using porcine myocardial immunoglobulin. Twenty-four male 6-week-old Lewis rats were randomly divided into control group(Con),EAM model group(MC) and resveratrol treatment group(MC+ Res).All the rats were detected and compared in the cardiac function according to echocardiographic analysis,and the expression of MIF was detected by Western blot.The degree of myocardial injury was detected by HE staining and the degree of macrophage infiltration in the myocardium was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results In control group,there was no significant inflammatory infiltration or myocardial injury in the myocardium.Heavy local infiltration of macrophages,and dissolved and fractured myocardial fibers were observed in model group.Resveratrol significantly decreased macrophage density and myocardial injury in the heart(P＜ 0.05).Compared with those in control group,LVEDs were significantly increased(P＜0.01)while LVEF and LVFS were markedly decreased in model group(P＜0.01).Compared with model group,LVEDs were significantly decreased(P＜0.05)while LVEF and LVFS were markedly increased in resveratrol group(P＜0.05).The protein expression of MIF was markedly increased in rats of model group(P＜0.01),but was decreased in resveratrol group compared with model groups(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Increased expression of MIF may be involved in the pathogenesis of EAM.The therapeutic effect of resveratrol on EAM may be associated with down-regulated MIF expression and decreased macrophage infiltration.

Objective Gastrointestinal fistula is a serious complication after operation. It is reported that the over-the-scope-clip(OTSC) can close intestinal full-thickness wall and treat gastrointestinal fistula effectively. This study was to investigate the efficacy of OTSC in the treatment of gastrointestinal fistula.Methods We analyzed the clinical data of 28 postoperative patients with gastrointestinal fistula who underwent endoscopic closure using OTSC in Endoscopy Center of Research Institute of General Surgery in our hospital from October 2014 to October 2017, and recorded the course of disease, the site of gastrointestinal fistula, the diameter of fistula and the efficacy of OTSC. Patients with successful closure were followed up for half a year after hospital discharge to observe the recurrence of fistula.Results Endoscopic closure with OTSC was successful in all the 28 patients without complications like bleeding and falling off. In the sinus tract or digestive tract radiography at 1-2 weeks after OTSC closure, 23 patients were successful in endoscopic closure(82.14%). In the six months′ follow-up of 23 patients with successful treatment, 4 patients were lost to follow-up and 19 patients were successful without recurrence of fistula.Conclusion The endoscopic closure of gastrointestinal fistula using OTSC is safe and effective, avoiding reoperation and reducing trauma.

Objective To discuss the effect of whole course comprehensive nursing intervention on postoperative pain of patients with joint replacement.Methods 116 cases who had joint replacement were randomly divided into the control group (n =57) and the intervention group (n =59).Both groups received conventional nursing before and after surgeries,and the intervention group received whole course comprehensive nursing intervention in addition,which included preoperative nursing intervention according to patient' s social background,standard of culture and psychological quality,whole course accompany during surgery,postoperative pain nursing intervention and follow-up after discharge.Intervention effect was compared between two groups.Results Pain degree was lower in the intervention group than in the control group.Pain score 8 hours after operation was (6.54 ± 1.65) in the intervention group and (9.63 ± 1.73) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (t =9.84,P ＜ 0.01).The first leaving bed time was (13.62 ± 4.28) h in the intervention group and (19.83 ±5.27) in the control group,hospitalization time was (14.17 ±2.43) d in the intervention group and (17.67 ± 3.51)d in the control group,treatment cost was (17.67 ± 3.51) yuan in the intervention group and (7 581.38 ± 55.24) yuan in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (t =6.95,6.22,183.64,respectively ; P ＜ 0.01).Score of life quality was (5.92 ± 0.33) in the intervention group and (3.78 ± 0.25) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (t =39.45,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The implementation of whole course comprehensive nursing intervention for joint replacement patients can effectively relieve their postoperative pain,enhanced their pain tolerance,improve their comfort,quality of life and sleep quality,reduce postoperative complications,shorten average hospital stay,and raise their satisfaction and treatment effect,thereby improving the quality of holistic nursing care.

Objective To observe the influence of early intestinal barrier protection in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP). Methods To analyze the therapeutic methods and prognosis of 56 patients with SAP. The patients were randomly divided into the conventional therapy group (A) and the intestinal barrier protection group (B). The APACHE Ⅱ score, Ranson score, Marshall score, CT severity index (CTSI), gastrointestinal functions score (GFS), the ratio of Lactulose to Mannitol (L/M), plasma Endotoxin and Diamine Oxidase (DAO), serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and TNF-α, incidence of pancreatic infection and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and the hospitalization mortality were compared between the two groups. Results On the 7th day after admission, the APACHE Ⅱ score, GFS, L/M, Endotoxin, DAO, CRP and TNF-α were significantly less in group B than in group A (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in the CTSI (P>0. 05)between the two groups at 2nd week after admission. The incidence of pancreatic infection and MODS in group B were significantly lower than in group A (P<0. 05). The hospitalization mortality was not significantly different (P>0. 05) between the two groups. Conclusion Early intestinal barrier protection in SAP alleviated systemic inflammatory response, and reduced the incidences of pancreatic infection and MODS, thus improved the prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of VEGF receptors in papillary renal cell carcinoma and to explore the correlation between their expression and clinical prognosis.

METHODSExpression of VEGF receptors and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) were evaluated in 82 patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma using tissue microarray and SP immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSThe expression of VEGFR-1 in papillary renal cell carcinoma was 82.93%, VEGFR-2 63.41%, VEGFR-3 34.15% and PCNA 67.07%, respectively. Increased VEGFR-2 expression was significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.016), histological grade (P = 0.034) and distant metastasis (P = 0.002). VEGFR-3 expression was correlated with histological grade (P = 0.028), lymph node status (P = 0.010) and distant metastasis (P = 0.018), but not correlated with gender, age, location, tumor size and TNM staging. VEGFR-1 expression had no correlation with any clinic and pathologic factors. PCNA expression was correlated with histological grade (P = 0.011), but not correlated with other factors. The expression of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 in death cases were higher than that in surviving patients.

CONCLUSIONBoth VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 can serve as markers for prognosis of papillary renal cell carcinoma. Differently, VEGFR-3 is a predictor of lymph node metastasis, increased VEGFR-2 expression could be used to predict a potential blood dissemination.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the situation of overactive bladder (OAB) in a community-based male population.

METHODSMale participants over 50 years old were randomly selected from multiple communities in Beijing. The evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, prostate volume and post voiding residue (PVR) by abdominal ultrasonography, and maximum flow rate (Qmax). Definition of OAB was determined as the score of item number 4 in IPSS ≥ 2.

RESULTSOf 1656 male participants enrolled, a total of 1639 men met our study criteria. The mean age was (64 ± 10) years. The prevalence of OAB was 26.3% (431/1639), and was significantly related to age, IPSS, QOL score, prostate volume, PVR and Qmax (P < 0.01). The prevalence of OAB was closely associated with aging (P < 0.01) and the degree of LUTS (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of OAB increased with aging of the community-based male population. OAB would obviously affect the quality of life of the aging men.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experiences in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)/percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (PEJ).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 578 patients who received either PEG or PEJ from July 2001 to December 2007 in our hospital. The data analyzed included the type, aim, duration, success rate, and complications of these procedures.

RESULTSOf 578 patients, 247 patients underwent PEG, 293 patients underwent percutaneous endoscopic gastrojejunostomy (PEGJ), 4 patients received percutaneous endoscopic duodenostomy (PED), 4 patients underwent direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (DPEJ), 4 patients underwent percutaneous endoscopic colostomy (PEC), and 26 patients received PEG/J combined stents. These procedures were performed in different clinical conditions, including enteral nutrition (n = 329), decompression combined enteral nutrition (n = 133), decompression of the gastrointestinal tract (n = 103), enteral nutrition combined bile refeeding (n = 5), perioperative applications (n = 4), and coloclysis (n = 4). Tubes were successfully placed in 578 patients (98.0%) in an average time of (7.5 +/- 1.9) min in PEG, (17.7 +/- 4.2) min in PEGJ, (14.8 +/- 2.1) min in DPEJ, (12.3 +/- 2.5) min in PED, (11.3 +/- 2.6) min in PEC, and (30.2 +/- 5.2) min in PEG/J combined stent, respectively. No procedure-related complications were observed. Major complications were found in 6 patients (1.04%) and minor complications in 36 patients (6.23%). The duration of tube functioning was (168.37 +/- 198.64) d.

CONCLUSIONSPEG/PEJ are easy to handle, effective, safe, and convenient for nursing. The endoscopic method of tube placement can be performed at the bedside and allow for enteral feeding, gastrointestinal decompression, and internal biliary drainage to be rapidly and efficiently achieved.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Enteral Nutrition ; methods ; Female ; Gastroscopy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Gastrostomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Jejunostomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult