Cardiovascular diseases （CVD），a group of common diseases in clinical practice，are witnessing a steady rise in both incidence and mortality rates，posing a challenge to public health. Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang，originating from Synopsis of the Golden Chamber （《金匮要略》），was initially used to treat severe cases of chest impediment. The formula consists of Trichosanthis Fructus，Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus，Pinelliae Rhizoma，and Baijiu. It has a wide range of clinical applications，with therapeutic effects including moving Qi to relieve depression，activating Yang to dissipate mass，and expelling phlegm to alleviate chest congestion. In recent years，clinical research has confirmed that Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang，with or without modification，used alone or in combination with Western medicine，has definite effects in the treatment of CVD such as hyperlipidemia，coronary atherosclerotic heart disease，hypertension，heart failure，and arrhythmia. It can alleviate disease symptoms and reduce the risk of re-hospitalization. Basic research indicates that the mechanisms of Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang include improving endothelial functions，exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties，countering oxidative stress，preventing apoptosis，inhibiting ventricular remodeling，regulating mitochondrial functions，improving hemorheology，and modulating autophagy and neurotransmitters. This article reviews relevant articles in recent years with focuses on the compatibility，clinical application，and mechanism of Gualou Xiebai Banxiatang. This review is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism research and clinical application of this formula in treating CVD and to offer ideas and reference for in-depth research.

Objective To prepare a nano drug(PFOB@Lip-MMC)with liposome as the carrier,liquid perfluorooc-tyl bromide(PFOB)as core and mitomycin C(MMC)loading on the liposome shell and study its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human pterygium fibroblasts(HPFs).Methods The thin film dispersion-hydration ultrasonic method was used to prepare PFOB@Lip-MMC and detect its physical and chemical properties.Cell Counting Kit-8,Cam-PI cell viability staining and flow cytometry were employed to detect the impact of different concentrations of PFOB@Lip-MMC on the via-bility of HPFs.DiI fluorescence labeled PFOB@Lip-MMC was used to observe the permeability of the nano drug to HPFs under a laser confocal microscope.After establishing HPF inflammatory cell models,they were divided into the control group(with sterile phosphate-buffered saline solution added),PFOB@Lip group(with PFOB@Lip added),MMC group(with MMC added),PFOB@Lip-MMC group(with PFOB@Lip-MMC added)and normal group(with fresh culture medi-um added)according to the experimental requirements.After co-incubation for 24 h,flow cytometer was used to detect the apoptosis rate of inflammatory cells,and the gene expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,prostaglandin E2(PGE2),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in cells were analyzed by PCR.Results The average particle size and Zeta potential of PFOB@Lip-MMC were(103.45±2.17)nm and(27.34±1.03)mV,respec-tively,and its entrapped efficiency and drug loading rate were(72.85±3.28)％and(34.27±2.04)％,respectively.The sustained-release MMC of drug-loaded nanospheres reached(78.34±2.92)％in vitro in a 24-hour ocular surface environ-ment.The biological safety of PFOB@Lip-MMC significantly improved compared to MMC.In terms of the DiI fluorescence labeled PFOB@Lip-MMC,after co-incubation with inflammatory HPFs for 2 h,DiI fluorescence labeling was diffusely dis-tributed in the cytoplasm of inflammatory HPFs.The apoptosis rate of inflammatory HPFs in the PFOB@Lip-MMC group[(77.23±4.93)％]was significantly higher than that in the MMC group[(51.62±3.28)％].The PCR examination results showed that the gene transcription levels of IL-1 β,PGE2,TNF-α and VEGF in other groups were significantly reduced com-pared to the control group and PFOB@Lip group,with the most significant decrease in the PFOB@Lip-MMC group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion In this study,a novel nano drug(PFOB@LIP-MMC)that inhibited the proliferation of HPFs was successfully synthesized,and its cytotoxicity was significantly reduced compared to the original drugs.It has good bio-compatibility and anti-inflammatory effects,providing a new treatment approach for reducing the recurrence rate after pte-rygium surgery.

Objective:To assess the effectiveness and feasibility of carrier detection for Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) by using digital PCR assay.Methods:Peripheral blood samples were collected from 214 pregnant women who were routinely screened for SMA carriers, of which 204 were randomly selected samples and 10 were samples with known copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7 and 8. Samples with known copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 were randomly mixed into the experiment to validate the performance of the digital PCR assay. The copy numbers of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 and SMN2 exons 7 and 8 in peripheral blood samples were detected by digital PCR assay. The results of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 were compared with those of the quantitative PCR method to assess the reliability and clinical performance of the digital PCR assay. Results:Among the 204 random samples, digital PCR has detected five samples with simultaneous heterozygous deletion of SMN1 exons 7 and 8, three samples with heterozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 8 only, and 196 samples with no deletion of SMN1 exons 7 and 8. Ten samples with known SMN1 exons 7 and 8 copy numbers were detected with the expected values. The digital PCR test results were fully consistent with that of the quantitative PCR. Conclusion:The results of digital PCR for the detection of copy number variation of SMN1 exons 7 and 8 were consistent with qPCR. Digital PCR assay was able to clearly distinguish the copy number of the target genes, therefore can be used for SMA carrier screening. Moreover, it can also detect copy number of SMN2 exons 7 and 8, which can provide more information for genetic counseling.

Objective To observe the correlations of pontine biological indicators on fetal brain median sagittal MRI with gestational week.Methods Data of head MRI of 226 normal fetuses without obvious abnormalities of central nervous system(normal group)and 17 fetuses with abnormalities(abnormal group)at gestational age of 23 to 38 weeks were retrospectively analyzed.Pontine biological indicators based on median sagittal MRI were obtained,including pons anteroposterior diameter(PAD),total pons area(TPA),pontine basal anteroposterior length(AP),pontine basal cranio-caudal length(CC),basis pontis area(BPA)and pontine angle of midbrain(MAP).According to the gestational week,the fetuses of normal group were divided into 8 subgroups.The distributing ranges of pontine biological indicators at different gestational weeks were analyzed,and the correlations of pontine biological indicators with gestational week in normal group were explored,and the developmental status of fetal pons in abnormal group were assessed.Results In normal group,PAD,TPA,AP,CC and BPA all showed linear positive correlation(r=0.887,0.914,0.787,0.866,0.865,all P＜0.001),while MAP was not significantly correlated with gestational week(P＞0.05).Among 17 fetuses in abnormal group,abnormal PAD or TPA was found each in 8 fetuses,abnormal AP was observed in 14,abnormal CC was noticed in 3 and abnormal BPA was found in 11 fetuses.Conclusion Fetal pontine biological indicators such as PAD,TPA,AP,CC and BPA on median sagittal MRI were positively correlated with gestational week,hence being able to be used for evaluating fetal pontine development.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory effect of miR-125b-5p on proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma and the role of RAB3D in mediating this effect. METHODS: The expression level of miR-125b-5p was detected by qRT-PCR in a normal bone cell line (hFOB1.19) and in two osteosarcoma OS cell lines (MG63 and HOS). A miR-125b-5p mimic or inhibitor was transfected in the osteosarcoma cell lines via liposome and the changes in cell proliferation and migration were detected with EDU and Transwell experiments. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted for predicting the target gene of miR-125b-5p, and the expression level of RAB3D in hFOB1.19, MG63, and HOS cells was detected by Western blotting. In the two osteosarcoma cell lines transfected with miR-125b-5p mimic or inhibitor, the expression levels of RAB3D mRNA and protein in osteosarcoma cells were examined with qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The effects of RAB3D overexpression, RAB3D knockdown, or overexpression of both miR-125b-5p and RAB3D on the proliferation and migration of cells were assessed using EDU and Transwell experiments. RESULTS: The two osteosarcoma cell lines had significantly lower expression levels of miR-125b-5p (P < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis predicted that RAB3D was a possible target gene regulated by miR-125b-5p. In osteosarcoma cells, overexpression of miR-125b-5p significantly lowered the expression of RAB3D protein (P < 0.05); inhibiting miR-125b-5p expression significantly decreased RAB3D expression only at the protein level (P < 0.05) without obviously affecting its mRNA level. Modulation of miR-125b-5p and RAB3D levels produced opposite effects on proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells, and in cells with overexpression of both miR-125b-5p and RAB3D, the effect of RAB3D on cell proliferation and migration was blocked by miR-125b-5p overexpression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-125b-5p inhibits the proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells by regulating the expression of RAB3D at the post-transcriptional level.
Humans ; Bone Neoplasms/genetics* ; Cell Proliferation ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Osteosarcoma/genetics* ; rab3 GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; RNA, Messenger

Humans ; Clinical Relevance ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Transcription Factors ; Neoplasm Proteins ; Antigens, CD ; GPI-Linked Proteins

Objective:To investigate the correlations of endoscopic evaluation results with laboratory indices and clinical disease activity in Crohn disease (CD) patients with different intestinal involvement.Methods:Data of 147 patients diagnosed as having CD who visited the Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from July 1, 2017 to June 30, 2022 were collected retrospectively. According to the involvement of intestinal segment, patients were divided into three groups: the group with isolated small intestinal involvement ( n=55), the group with both small intestinal and large intestinal involvement ( n=48), and the group with isolated large intestinal involvement ( n=44). Correlations of endoscopic evaluation (based on CDEIS) with laboratory indices and clinical disease activity (based on Harvey-Bradshaw index) were analyzed. Results:C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) could be used for the prediction of endoscopic disease activity. The areas under curve (AUC) of receiver operator characteristic (ROC) were 0.677 (0.506-0.849) and 0.744 (0.597-0.890), respectively. In terms of determing clinical disease activity, clinical Harvey-Bradshaw index was consistent with endoscopic CDEIS score in 65.3% (96/147) patients, showing a low positive correlation ( r=0.260, P<0.05). In subgroup analysis for patients with isolated small intestinal involvement, CRP showed no predictive value for clinical disease activity [AUC (95% CI): 0.617 (0.461-0.773), P=0.148], while for endoscopic activity neither CRP nor ESR showed predictive value [AUC (95% CI): 0.537 (0.146-0.929), P=0.829; AUC (95% CI): 0.571 (0.153-0.990), P=0.680]. Furthermore, for patients with isolated small intestinal involvement and both small intestinal and large intestinal involvement, no correlation was found between clinical Harvey-Bradshaw index and endoscopic CDEIS score ( r=0.222, P=0.092; r=0.142, P=0.322). Conclusion:For CD patients with small intestinal involvement, especially isolated small intestinal involvement, laboratory indices and clinical disease activity cannot accurately reflect endoscopic disease activity. Great importance should be attached to evaluation of the extent and activity of intestinal lesions by endoscopy, especially enteroscopy.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the difference in intestinal microbiota between preterm infants with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) and those without NDI. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, the preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from September 1, 2019 to September 30, 2021 were enrolled as subjects. According to the assessment results of Gesell Developmental Scale at the corrected gestational age of 1.5-2 years, they were divided into two groups: normal (n=115) and NDI (n=100). Fecal samples were collected one day before discharge, one day before introducing solid food, and at the corrected gestational age of 1 year. High-throughput sequencing was used to compare the composition of intestinal microbiota between groups. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the NDI group had a significantly higher Shannon diversity index at the corrected gestational age of 1 year (P<0.05). The principal coordinate analysis showed a significant difference in the composition of intestinal microbiota between the two groups one day before introducing solid food and at the corrected gestational age of 1 year (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, the NDI group had a significantly higher abundance of Bifidobacterium in the intestine at all three time points, a significantly higher abundance of Enterococcus one day before introducing solid food and at the corrected gestational age of 1 year, and a significantly lower abundance of Akkermansia one day before introducing solid food (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota between preterm infants with NDI and those without NDI. This study enriches the data on the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in preterm infants with NDI and provides reference for the microbiota therapy and intervention for NDI in preterm infants.
Infant ; Child ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Infant, Premature ; Prospective Studies ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; China ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; Gestational Age

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia. CONCLUSIONS The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.
Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Cesarean Section ; Risk Factors ; Asphyxia Neonatorum/etiology*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of CSF3R mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and analyze its clinical characteristics and prognosis. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 212 patients with AML who were newly diagnosed in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 1th 2018 to June 30th 2021, including 22 patients with CSF3R mutations as mutation group and 190 patients with CSF3R wild type ［66 cases of them were screened by propensity score matching (PSM), as control group］. The early efficacy and survival between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The median age of patients in the mutation group was 50(17-73) years old, and the ratio of male to female was 1.2:1 The main types were AML with maturation (11 cases) and acute myelomonocytic leukemia (9 cases). Prognostic stratification was carried out according to the risk stratification system of the European leukemia network in 2017, with 16 cases (72.73%) in the middle and high-risk group. At the initial diagnosis, the median count of white blood cell (WBC) was 44.75(1.30-368.71)×10⁹/L, among which 15 cases (68.18%) were >10×10⁹/L, and the median count of platelet (PLT) was 24(4-55)×10⁹/L. CSF3R T618I (68.18%) was a common mutation site, which had concomitant gene mutations, in which CEBPA mutation was the most common (10 cases, 45.45%), but only existed in CSF3R T618I mutation. The CR/CRi rate was 68.18% and 71.21% in the mutant group and the control group (P >0.05), the median over all survival time was 15 months and 9 months (P >0.05), and the median disease-free survival time was 8 months and 4 months (P >0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION Most AML patients with CSF3R mutation are middle-aged patients, the main types are AML with maturation and acute myelomonocytic leukemia, and most of them have middle and high-risk prognosis. CSF3R mutation may not be an independent prognostic marker for newly diagnosed AML patients.
Middle Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute ; Retrospective Studies ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Mutation ; Receptors, Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics*