Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and highly aggressive hematological malignancy, there is no standard treatment and the prognosis is very poor. Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University report a case of 85-year-old BPDCN male patient treated with DVT regimen (decitabine combined with Venetoclax and thalidomide) and achieved complete remission. The patient with skin nodules and the pathology diagnosed BPDCN, the next generation sequencing of skin nodules showed mutations of IDH2 and ASXL1. DVT (decitabine combined with Venetoclax and thalidomide) has significant efficacy with rapid and deep remission for BPDCN, and the adverse effects is less, especially suitable for elderly patients who cannot tolerate intense chemotherapy.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and family gene mutation results of the adult onset Gaucher disease patient.Methods:The diagnosis and treatment of a patient with Gaucher disease who was admitted to the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University in March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the literature was reviewed.Results:The patient (the proband) was a 34-year-old female, the anemia, thrombocytopenia and splenomegalia were found in 2005. After regular physical examination, the decrease of leukocyte, red blood cell and platelet was gradually aggravated, and the progressive enlargement of the spleen was aggravated. She visited the clinic on March 19, 2020 due to worsening of fatigue. The physical examination revealed hepatomegaly, splenomegaly; blood routine examination showed pancytopenia, and bone marrow morphology showed a large number of Gaucher cells. Peripheral blood β- glucocerebrosidase (GBA) of the proband was 1.8 nmol·mg -1·h -1 (reference value 10-25 nmol·mg -1·h -1), and the GBA of her father, mother, brother, and daughter was normal. The second-generation sequencing results showed that the proband had a mutation in the BCL2 gene at locus c.127G>A p.A43T, with a mutation frequency of 49.53%. GBA gene testing showed that the proband had a heterozygous mutation at c.1448T>C (a pathogenic mutation), heterozygous mutations at c.1026A>G and c.1038C>T (homozygous mutations), and a heterozygous mutation at c.1075G>T (mutation of unknown clinical significance). The proband's father had c.1448T>C heterozygous mutation, and he was a carrier; the proband's mother had c.1075G>T heterozygous mutation; the proband's brother had no gene mutation; the proband's daughter had c.1448T>C heterozygous mutation, and she was a carrier. The diagnosis was type Ⅰ Gaucher disease (non-neuropathic). The patient was proposed to participate in the clinical trial of imiglucerase, and during the follow-up, the blood routine was relatively stable, and the spleen remained progressively enlarged. Conclusions:Gaucher disease is rare, which is easy to be misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed. It is necessary to be alert to the possibility of Gaucher disease when there are patients with unexplained hemocytopenia, liver and spleen enlargement and multiple organs involvement, and enzyme and genetic tests should be performed as soon as possible.

Assessment is an indispensable and critical activity in the educational process. In the recent decades, with the birth and development of competence-based educational paradigm, the rationale behind assessment is shifting from "assessment of learning" to "assessment for learning". Workplace-based assessment (WPBA), which aims to improve the quality of both learning and teaching through assessment in real workplace circumstances, is a set of assessment tools that conforms to the new concepts of medical education. In this article, with the purpose to promote the application of WPBA and thus enhance the quality of dental education in our country, a thorough discussion is performed regarding the core principles, tools, advantages of WPBA as well as attentions that should be noted when applying WPBA. It is recommended to establish a longitudinal assessment system which employs various WPBA tools and assesses the development of students' competencies through the whole educational process. Such a dynamic assessment system may be helpful to provide all-rounded and competent dental talents who can eventually benefit the society.

Objective:To investigate the value of soluble interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor (sIL-6R) level in predicting ultrafiltration insufficiency in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods:It was a prospective cohort study. The patients who received continuous ambulatory PD and regular follow-up between November 2016 and July 2018 in the PD Center of Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University were enrolled. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine dialysate sIL-6R and its appearance rate (AR) was calculated. Patients were divided into high sIL-6R AR group and low sIL-6R AR group according to median value of sIL-6R AR and prospectively followed up until death, PD cessation, or the end of the study (December 31, 2022). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the related factors of sIL-6R AR. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the survival rate difference of ultrafiltration insufficiency between high sIL-6R AR group and low sIL-6R AR group. Multivariate Cox regression and multivariate competing risk models were used to assess the risk factors associated with occurrence of ultrafiltration insufficiency.Results:A total of 198 PD patients were enrolled, including 115 (58.1%) males, with age of (54.9±13.7) years old and PD duration of 22.5 (6.6, 65.0) months. The sIL-6R AR of the cohort was 2 094.7 (1 672.4, 2 920.9) pg/min. Compared with low sIL-6R AR（<2 094.7 pg/min）group, high sIL-6R AR（>2 094.7 pg/min）group had older age ( t=-3.269, P=0.001), higher body mass index ( t=-3.248, P=0.001), proportion of combined diabetes mellitus ( χ2=8.890, P=0.003), 24 h glucose exposure ( Z=-2.257, P=0.024), 24 h ultrafiltration capacity ( Z=-2.515, P=0.012), 4 h dialysate creatinine to serum creatinine ratio ( t=-2.609, P=0.010), mass transfer area coefficient of creatinine ( Z=-2.308, P=0.021), IL-6 AR ( Z=-3.533, P<0.001) and solute glycoprotein 130 AR ( Z=-8.670, P<0.001), and lower serum albumin ( t=2.595, P=0.010) and residual renal function ( t=2.133, P=0.033). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that body mass index ( β=0.194, P=0.005), serum albumin ( β=-0.215, P=0.002) and dialysate lg[IL-6 AR] ( β=0.197, P=0.011) were independently correlated with sIL-6R AR. By the end of the study, 57 (28.8%) patients developed ultrafiltration insufficiency. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high sIL-6R AR group had a significantly inferior ultrafiltration insufficiency-free survival rate than that in low sIL-6R AR group (log-rank χ 2=5.375, P=0.020). Multivariate Cox regression analysis and multivariate competing risk models showed that high dialysate sIL-6R AR (>2 094.7 pg/min) was an independent influencing factor of ultrafiltration insufficiency ( HR=2.286 , 95% CI 1.254-4.165 , P=0.007 ; SHR=2.074, 95% CI 1.124-3.828, P=0.020) in PD patients. Conclusions:Dialysate sIL-6R level was associated with body mass index, serum albumin and dialysate IL-6 level. Dialysate sIL-6R may be a predictive factor of ultrafiltration insufficiency in PD patients.

Objective:To construct a chain mediating model based on two mediating variables of positive psychological capital and general self-efficacy, so as to explore the impact mechanism of social support on posttraumatic growth in thyroid cancer patients.Methods:From March to December 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 270 postoperative patients with thyroid cancer from the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital as participants. The patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Post Traumatic Growth Inventory, Social Support Rating Scale, Positive Psychological Questionnaire, and General Self-efficacy Scale. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between social support, positive psychological capital, general self-efficacy, and posttraumatic growth in thyroid cancer patients. SPSS PROCESS program was used to test for the chain mediating effect.Results:A total of 270 questionnaires were distributed, and 257 questionnaires were collected. After excluding questionnaires with missing items exceeding 10% and regular responses, 246 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 91.11% (246/270). Spearman correlation showed that there was positive correlations between social support, positive psychological capital, general self-efficacy, and posttraumatic growth in patients ( P<0.01). Mediating effect analysis showed that social support directly and positively predicted posttraumatic growth in thyroid cancer [ β=0.403, 95% CI (0.258, 0.547) ], and also affected patients' posttraumatic growth through three indirect pathways, namely social support → positive psychological capital → posttraumatic growth, with an effect value of 0.083 [95% CI (0.002, 0.173) ], accounting for 13.63% of the total effect, and social support → general self-efficacy → posttraumatic growth, with an effect value of 0.099 [95% CI (0.040, 0.166) ], accounting for 16.26% of the total effect, and social support → positive psychological capital → general self-efficacy → posttraumatic growth, with an effect value of 0.025 [95% CI (0.005, 0.051) ], accounting for 4.11% of the total effect. The total indirect effect accounted for 33.83% of the total effect. Conclusions:Social support can not only directly affect the post-traumatic growth of thyroid cancer patients, but also indirectly affect post-traumatic growth through the mediating effect of positive psychological capital and general self-efficacy.

According to the theory of 'Xingben Dazao' of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (BL), the susceptible syndromes and biomarkers of liver injury caused by BL were searched. Rat models of kidney-yin deficiency syndrome (M_yin) and kidney-yang deficiency syndrome (M_yang) were established, and all animal experimental operations and welfare following the provisions of the First Affiliated Experimental Animal Ethics and Animal Welfare Committee of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. YFYDW2020017). The results showed that BL significantly decreased the body weight, water intake, and urine weight of M_yin rats and increase the organ indexes of the liver, testis, adrenal gland, and spleen and the expression of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Meantime, BL significantly increased the urine weight of M_yang rats and decreased the expression of ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed that BL could aggravate inflammatory infiltration of hepatocytes in rats with M_yin and alleviate liver injury in rats with M_yang. Metabolomics identified 17 BL co-regulated significant differential metabolic markers in M_yin and M_yang rats. Among them, 8 metabolites such as glutamine, quinolinate, biliverdin, and lactosylceramide showed opposite trends, mainly involving cysteine and methionine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, glutamine metabolism, and other pathways. M_yin/M_yang may be the susceptible constitution of BL for liver damage or protection, which may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. The study can provide some experimental data support for the safe and accurate use of BL in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with allergic diseases suffering from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strains. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 43 pediatric patients with allergic diseases infected by SARS-CoV-2 from April 25, 2022 to June 8, 2022 in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected as the allergic disease group, while 114 cases without underlying diseases and 16 cases with other underlying diseases were selected as control groups diagnosed at the same period. Clinical data including clinical features, laboratory tests, duration of hospitalization, and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid were collected and analysed. Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used for comparison among three groups. Results: Among the 43 patients with allergic diseases, 28 were males and 15 were females, with an age of 4.4 (2.1, 8.2) years on admission, including 32 mild cases and 11 common cases. The allergic disease group included 20 cases (46.5%) of atopic dermatitis and eczema, followed by 14 cases (32.6%) of rhinitis, 8 cases (18.6%) of food allergies, 7 cases (16.3%) of asthma, 4 cases (9.3%) of allergic conjunctivitis and 2 cases (4.7%) of drug allergy. Among the 114 cases without underlying diseases, 57 were males and 57 were females, with an age of 2.8 (1.2, 5.6) years on admission, including 93 mild cases and 21 common cases. Among the 16 cases with other underlying diseases, 9 were males and 7 were females, with an age of 3.0 (2.6, 10.8) years on admission, including 13 cases mild and 3 cases common cases. Children with allergic diseases had higher frequency of sore throat and vomiting than those without underlying diseases (10 cases (23.3%) vs.9 cases (7.9%), 14 cases (32.6%) vs. 11 cases (9.6%), χ²=6.93, 12.24, both P<0.05). The lymphocyte count of patients with allergic disease was lower than those without underlying disease (1.1 (0.7,1.7)×10⁹ vs. 1.6 (1.1,2.7)×10⁹/L, H=-28.00,P=0.005). There were no significant differences in age, gender, typing of SARS-CoV-2, the duration of hospitalization, cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Children with allergic diseases may suffer from sore throat and vomiting more frequently when infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The combination of allergic diseases hardly influenced the disease course of SARS-CoV-2 in children.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology* ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Pharyngitis

We performed an extensively targeting metabolomic detecting using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to compare the secondary metabolites in Dang shen [Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf.] from Shanxi and Gansu provinces. The findings showed that 161 secondary metabolites in 6 groups (phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans and coumarins, alkaloids, terpenoids, others) were found from Dang shen in Changzhi city of Shanxi province and Dingxi city of Gansu province. There were 98 secondary metabolites which is differed significantly. In comparison to Dingxi city, 33 different secondary metabolites of Dang shen in Changzhi city had a greater relative content, whereas relative content of 65 different metabolites in Dingxi city was higher. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis revealed that phenolic acids and flavonoids were significantly different in the secondary metabolites of Dang shen from different producing places. This may be one of the reasons for the difference in the quality of Dang shen in Shanxi and Gansu provinces. This work compared and analyzed the secondary metabolites of Dang shen from Dingxi city in Gansu province and Changzhi city in Shanxi province for the first time, which lays the foundation for further study on the quality of Dang shen.

Objective:To construct an evaluation system for clinical nurse research ability training based on the Kirkpatrick model, and provide methods and strategies for clinical nurse research ability training.Methods:Based on literature review and group discussion, the item pool of an evaluation system for clinical nurse research training was constructed using the Kirkpatrick model as the theoretical framework. Using the Delphi method, two rounds of expert consultation were conducted on 17 experts to determine the final evaluation system.Results:In both rounds of expert consultation, 17 questionnaires were distributed, and 17 valid questionnaires were collected. The effective recovery rate of the questionnaires was 100%. After two rounds of expert consultation, the significance tests for the Kendall coordination coefficients of the first, second, and third level indicators were all P<0.05. The expert authority coefficients for the first and second rounds of expert consultation were 0.840 and 0.895, respectively. The evaluation system for clinical nurse research ability training established after two rounds of consultation included four first-level indicators, 11 second-level indicators, and 40 third-level indicators. Conclusions:The evaluation system for clinical nurse research ability training based on the Kirkpatrick model has reliable results, and experts have high levels of enthusiasm, coordination, and authority. It can be used as a tool for evaluating clinical nurse research ability training.