Objective Summarizes the current research status of defensive medicine in China and provides references for future research.Methods The search period spans from the inception of the database to March 2024.CNKI,Wan-fang Data,Web of Science,PubMed databases were queried,followed by literature screening based on predeter-mined inclusion and exclusion criteria.The current landscape of defensive medicine research in China was synthe-sized and categorized based on fundamental research characteristics,measurement methodologies,influencing fac-tors,and other relevant aspects.Results A total of 24 Chinese literature sources and 4 foreign literature sources were incorporated,indicating a prevalent occurrence of defensive medicine in China.Measurement tools for defen-sive medicine exhibit variability across different studies.Key influencing factors encompass doctor's demographic vari-ables such as gender,age,and professional status,institutional factors like legal frameworks and medical in-surance,and sociol-cultural factors such as doctor-patient relationships and adverse public perceptions.Conclusion Defensive medicine is relatively widespread and influenced by various factors in China.It's urgent to explore the for-mation mechanism of defensive medicine from multiple perspectives and provide evidence for passive defen-sive medicine governance.

Objective To clarify the influencing factors of defensive medicine and provide ideas for preventing and re-solving defensive medicine.Methods Literature related to defensive medicine was searched,personnel related to de-fensive medicine were interviewed,and literature and interview data were coded with the method of grounded theo-ry,and related concepts and categories were summarized.Results After three levels of coding,52 initial concepts,23 initial categories,7 sub-categories and 3 main categories were sorted out,and the correlation among influencing factors was analyzed to build a three-dimensional model of"doctor-patient relationship-institutional system-social environment"influencing factors and their mechanism of action.Conclusion The influencing factors of defensive medi-cine mainly include doctor-patient relationship,institutional system and social environment.The three factors have an impact on defensive medicine through different mechanisms of action,which provides qualitative evidence for comprehensive analysis of factors in related studies of defensive medicine.

Objective Summarizes the current research status of defensive medicine in China and provides references for future research.Methods The search period spans from the inception of the database to March 2024.CNKI,Wan-fang Data,Web of Science,PubMed databases were queried,followed by literature screening based on predeter-mined inclusion and exclusion criteria.The current landscape of defensive medicine research in China was synthe-sized and categorized based on fundamental research characteristics,measurement methodologies,influencing fac-tors,and other relevant aspects.Results A total of 24 Chinese literature sources and 4 foreign literature sources were incorporated,indicating a prevalent occurrence of defensive medicine in China.Measurement tools for defen-sive medicine exhibit variability across different studies.Key influencing factors encompass doctor's demographic vari-ables such as gender,age,and professional status,institutional factors like legal frameworks and medical in-surance,and sociol-cultural factors such as doctor-patient relationships and adverse public perceptions.Conclusion Defensive medicine is relatively widespread and influenced by various factors in China.It's urgent to explore the for-mation mechanism of defensive medicine from multiple perspectives and provide evidence for passive defen-sive medicine governance.

Objective To clarify the influencing factors of defensive medicine and provide ideas for preventing and re-solving defensive medicine.Methods Literature related to defensive medicine was searched,personnel related to de-fensive medicine were interviewed,and literature and interview data were coded with the method of grounded theo-ry,and related concepts and categories were summarized.Results After three levels of coding,52 initial concepts,23 initial categories,7 sub-categories and 3 main categories were sorted out,and the correlation among influencing factors was analyzed to build a three-dimensional model of"doctor-patient relationship-institutional system-social environment"influencing factors and their mechanism of action.Conclusion The influencing factors of defensive medi-cine mainly include doctor-patient relationship,institutional system and social environment.The three factors have an impact on defensive medicine through different mechanisms of action,which provides qualitative evidence for comprehensive analysis of factors in related studies of defensive medicine.

Objective Summarizes the current research status of defensive medicine in China and provides references for future research.Methods The search period spans from the inception of the database to March 2024.CNKI,Wan-fang Data,Web of Science,PubMed databases were queried,followed by literature screening based on predeter-mined inclusion and exclusion criteria.The current landscape of defensive medicine research in China was synthe-sized and categorized based on fundamental research characteristics,measurement methodologies,influencing fac-tors,and other relevant aspects.Results A total of 24 Chinese literature sources and 4 foreign literature sources were incorporated,indicating a prevalent occurrence of defensive medicine in China.Measurement tools for defen-sive medicine exhibit variability across different studies.Key influencing factors encompass doctor's demographic vari-ables such as gender,age,and professional status,institutional factors like legal frameworks and medical in-surance,and sociol-cultural factors such as doctor-patient relationships and adverse public perceptions.Conclusion Defensive medicine is relatively widespread and influenced by various factors in China.It's urgent to explore the for-mation mechanism of defensive medicine from multiple perspectives and provide evidence for passive defen-sive medicine governance.

Objective To clarify the influencing factors of defensive medicine and provide ideas for preventing and re-solving defensive medicine.Methods Literature related to defensive medicine was searched,personnel related to de-fensive medicine were interviewed,and literature and interview data were coded with the method of grounded theo-ry,and related concepts and categories were summarized.Results After three levels of coding,52 initial concepts,23 initial categories,7 sub-categories and 3 main categories were sorted out,and the correlation among influencing factors was analyzed to build a three-dimensional model of"doctor-patient relationship-institutional system-social environment"influencing factors and their mechanism of action.Conclusion The influencing factors of defensive medi-cine mainly include doctor-patient relationship,institutional system and social environment.The three factors have an impact on defensive medicine through different mechanisms of action,which provides qualitative evidence for comprehensive analysis of factors in related studies of defensive medicine.

Objective Summarizes the current research status of defensive medicine in China and provides references for future research.Methods The search period spans from the inception of the database to March 2024.CNKI,Wan-fang Data,Web of Science,PubMed databases were queried,followed by literature screening based on predeter-mined inclusion and exclusion criteria.The current landscape of defensive medicine research in China was synthe-sized and categorized based on fundamental research characteristics,measurement methodologies,influencing fac-tors,and other relevant aspects.Results A total of 24 Chinese literature sources and 4 foreign literature sources were incorporated,indicating a prevalent occurrence of defensive medicine in China.Measurement tools for defen-sive medicine exhibit variability across different studies.Key influencing factors encompass doctor's demographic vari-ables such as gender,age,and professional status,institutional factors like legal frameworks and medical in-surance,and sociol-cultural factors such as doctor-patient relationships and adverse public perceptions.Conclusion Defensive medicine is relatively widespread and influenced by various factors in China.It's urgent to explore the for-mation mechanism of defensive medicine from multiple perspectives and provide evidence for passive defen-sive medicine governance.

Objective To clarify the influencing factors of defensive medicine and provide ideas for preventing and re-solving defensive medicine.Methods Literature related to defensive medicine was searched,personnel related to de-fensive medicine were interviewed,and literature and interview data were coded with the method of grounded theo-ry,and related concepts and categories were summarized.Results After three levels of coding,52 initial concepts,23 initial categories,7 sub-categories and 3 main categories were sorted out,and the correlation among influencing factors was analyzed to build a three-dimensional model of"doctor-patient relationship-institutional system-social environment"influencing factors and their mechanism of action.Conclusion The influencing factors of defensive medi-cine mainly include doctor-patient relationship,institutional system and social environment.The three factors have an impact on defensive medicine through different mechanisms of action,which provides qualitative evidence for comprehensive analysis of factors in related studies of defensive medicine.

Objective Summarizes the current research status of defensive medicine in China and provides references for future research.Methods The search period spans from the inception of the database to March 2024.CNKI,Wan-fang Data,Web of Science,PubMed databases were queried,followed by literature screening based on predeter-mined inclusion and exclusion criteria.The current landscape of defensive medicine research in China was synthe-sized and categorized based on fundamental research characteristics,measurement methodologies,influencing fac-tors,and other relevant aspects.Results A total of 24 Chinese literature sources and 4 foreign literature sources were incorporated,indicating a prevalent occurrence of defensive medicine in China.Measurement tools for defen-sive medicine exhibit variability across different studies.Key influencing factors encompass doctor's demographic vari-ables such as gender,age,and professional status,institutional factors like legal frameworks and medical in-surance,and sociol-cultural factors such as doctor-patient relationships and adverse public perceptions.Conclusion Defensive medicine is relatively widespread and influenced by various factors in China.It's urgent to explore the for-mation mechanism of defensive medicine from multiple perspectives and provide evidence for passive defen-sive medicine governance.

Objective To clarify the influencing factors of defensive medicine and provide ideas for preventing and re-solving defensive medicine.Methods Literature related to defensive medicine was searched,personnel related to de-fensive medicine were interviewed,and literature and interview data were coded with the method of grounded theo-ry,and related concepts and categories were summarized.Results After three levels of coding,52 initial concepts,23 initial categories,7 sub-categories and 3 main categories were sorted out,and the correlation among influencing factors was analyzed to build a three-dimensional model of"doctor-patient relationship-institutional system-social environment"influencing factors and their mechanism of action.Conclusion The influencing factors of defensive medi-cine mainly include doctor-patient relationship,institutional system and social environment.The three factors have an impact on defensive medicine through different mechanisms of action,which provides qualitative evidence for comprehensive analysis of factors in related studies of defensive medicine.