Background: As global life expectancy increases, spinal disorders and the need for spinal surgery among elderly individ uals are becoming more prevalent. Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) is a common complication in this population, adversely affecting functional recovery and quality of life. Despite substantial research, effective preventive strategies for POCD remain limited. Aim: To determine the incidence of POCD and to identify perioperative risk factors associated with its development in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Of 200 elderly patients who underwent spinal surgery between, 122 met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled. Preoperative clinical assessments, intraoperative surgical and anesthetic parameters, and postoperative evaluations were systematically collected. Cognitive function was assessed using standardized and validated tools both before and after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of POCD. Results: POCD was observed in a notable proportion of patients postoperatively. Multivariate analysis revealed that prolonged surgical duration (OR=0.989; p=0.005), intraoperative hypotension (OR=0.964; p=0.009), higher intensity of postoperative pain (OR=10.073; p=0.015), and elevated postoperative C-reactive protein levels (OR=1.039; p<0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing POCD. Conclusion In elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery severe postoperative pain, and systemic inflammatory respons es contribute significantly to the development of POCD. Optimizing perioperative management, including minimizing surgical time, maintaining stable hemodynamics, and controlling postoperative inflammation and pain, may mitigate the risk of cognitive decline.

Objective To investigate the current situation of radiological health technical service institutions and their technical services in China, and to provide a basis for better utilizing radiological health technical service resources and strengthening institutions’ capability building. Methods From October to December 2021, we conducted quality monitoring, ability comparison, capability building surveys, and other investigations on radiation health technical services to collect information on the qualifications and technical services of radiation health service institutions. The data were pooled and analyzed using SPSS software. Results By the end of 2021, there were 608 radiological health technical service institutions across China, with 47.0% of them located in the eastern region, and the percentage of institutions in the health system (42.6%) was less than that in the non-health system (57.4%). Institutions of grade A offered 62.3% of technical services, while institutions of grade B provided 37.7% of technical services; technical services provided by the non-health system and the health system accounted for 84.2% and 15.8%, respectively; institutions in the health system at the province, prefecture, and county levels offered 37.1%, 50.6%, and 12.3% of technical services, respectively. Conclusion In recent years, the proportion of institutions in the non-health system has increased significantly, but the proportion of institutions in the health system with radiological health qualifications is small, and the development is uneven in the numbers of institutions, technical services, and professional and technical personnel in the eastern, central, and western regions and at the province, prefecture, and county levels in China. It is necessary to further encourage and support health system institutions in strengthening capability building and applying for radiological health qualifications, and to increase construction and investment in the western region and at the district/county levels, in order to improve the overall capability and level of radiological health technical services in the country.

Objective: To analyze the survival of newly diagnosed malignant tumors in cancer registration areas of Hubei Province from 2013 to 2015. Methods: From January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015, all newly diagnosed malignant tumors were collected from cancer registration areas in Hubei Province, and patients were followed up using a combination of active and passive methods. Cancer survival was analyzed using the strs package in Stata software. Observed and expected survival were calculated using the life table and Ederer Ⅱ methods, and the difference in survival rate of patients with different sex, age, urban and rural areas and different cancer species was compared. Results: From 2013 to 2015, 83 987 new malignant tumors were diagnosed in cancer registration areas in Hubei Province, including 45 742 males (54.46%) and 38245 females (45.54%). The overall 5-year relative survival rate was 41.46%, 34.43% for men and 49.63% for women. With the increase of age, the observed survival rate and relative survival rate of patients of different genders showed a decreasing trend. The 5-year relative survival rate of patients with malignant tumors was 47.58% in urban areas and 26.58% in rural areas. The observed survival rate and relative survival rate in rural areas were significantly lower than those in urban areas. The overall 5-year relative survival rates for common malignancies were 20.61% for lung cancer, 15.36% for liver cancer, 22.89% for esophageal cancer, 34.92% for gastric cancer, and 54.87% for colorectal cancer. In addition, the 5-year relative survival rates of common malignant tumors in women were 78.65% for breast cancer and 52.55% for cervical cancer. Conclusions: In Hubei Province, the survival rate of malignant tumors is different among different genders, regions, age groups and cancer species. Prevention and treatment and health education should be strengthened for malignant tumor patients in rural areas and those with high incidence and low survival rate such as liver cancer and lung cancer, and relevant strategies should be formulated according to the gender and age distribution characteristics of different cancer species.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Liver Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Lung Neoplasms ; China/epidemiology* ; Urban Population ; Incidence ; Survival Analysis ; Rural Population ; Registries

Objective: To analyze the survival of newly diagnosed malignant tumors in cancer registration areas of Hubei Province from 2013 to 2015. Methods: From January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015, all newly diagnosed malignant tumors were collected from cancer registration areas in Hubei Province, and patients were followed up using a combination of active and passive methods. Cancer survival was analyzed using the strs package in Stata software. Observed and expected survival were calculated using the life table and Ederer Ⅱ methods, and the difference in survival rate of patients with different sex, age, urban and rural areas and different cancer species was compared. Results: From 2013 to 2015, 83 987 new malignant tumors were diagnosed in cancer registration areas in Hubei Province, including 45 742 males (54.46%) and 38245 females (45.54%). The overall 5-year relative survival rate was 41.46%, 34.43% for men and 49.63% for women. With the increase of age, the observed survival rate and relative survival rate of patients of different genders showed a decreasing trend. The 5-year relative survival rate of patients with malignant tumors was 47.58% in urban areas and 26.58% in rural areas. The observed survival rate and relative survival rate in rural areas were significantly lower than those in urban areas. The overall 5-year relative survival rates for common malignancies were 20.61% for lung cancer, 15.36% for liver cancer, 22.89% for esophageal cancer, 34.92% for gastric cancer, and 54.87% for colorectal cancer. In addition, the 5-year relative survival rates of common malignant tumors in women were 78.65% for breast cancer and 52.55% for cervical cancer. Conclusions: In Hubei Province, the survival rate of malignant tumors is different among different genders, regions, age groups and cancer species. Prevention and treatment and health education should be strengthened for malignant tumor patients in rural areas and those with high incidence and low survival rate such as liver cancer and lung cancer, and relevant strategies should be formulated according to the gender and age distribution characteristics of different cancer species.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Liver Neoplasms ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Lung Neoplasms ; China/epidemiology* ; Urban Population ; Incidence ; Survival Analysis ; Rural Population ; Registries

AIM:To evaluate the macular microstructural changes in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)after silicone oil tamponade by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT).METHODS:From November 2019 to July 2021, 27 patients with 27 eyes in RRD who underwent vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade in Cangzhou Aier Eye Hospital were enrolled in this study as the observation group, other 30 healthy volunteers with 30 eyes were included in the control group. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of patients before and after operation were observed, and quantified evaluation of the postoperative macular microstructural changes were performed by SD-OCT.RESULTS: The BCVA(LogMAR)of the observation group at 1wk and 3mo after operation(0.61±0.23, 0.69±0.34)were improved compared with those before operation(1.43±0.77)(all P<0.01). The cube volume and average cube thickness in the macular area at 3mo after operation in the observation group were lower than those at 1wk and 1mo after operation in the control group(all P<0.05). There were no differences in the average ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIPL)thickness, minimum GCIPL thickness, average macular retinal nerve fiber layer(mRNFL)thickness and minimum mRNFL thickness at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation in the observation group, but all decreased compared with the control group(all P<0.01). There were 9 eyes with subretinal fluid(SRF)in the observation group during postoperative follow-up, SRF had a tendency to be gradually absorbed, but 1 eye had a secondary macular hole; 3 eyes had ellipsoid zone disruption, which had a tendency to be gradually repaired; 2 eyes had submacular perfluorocarbon liquid; 2 eyes had macular edema.CONCLUSION: SD-OCT can show the microstructure and morphological changes very well in macular area in patients with RRD after silicone oil tamponade, and has important clinical value for the preoperative and postoperative follow-up evaluation of RRD.

A 57-year-old male patient was referred to our department with complaints of his right adrenal gland occupancy and hypertension about 6 months. When admitted to the hospital, the blood pressure was about 160/100 mmHg, and the heart rate was 110 beats/min. He was no obvious obesity, acne, abnormal mood, without weakness of limbs, acral numbness, palpitation and headache. He presented with type 2 diabetes for more than 3 years, with oral administration of metformin enteric coated tablets and subcutaneous injection of insulin glargine to control blood glucose, and satisfied with blood glucose control. Enhanced CT showed that: the right adrenal gland showed a kind of oval isodense, slightly hypodense shadow, the edge was clear, lobular change, the size was about 5.8 cm×5.4 cm, uneven density, there were nodular and strip calcification, round lipid containing area and strip low density area, and the CT value of solid part was about 34 HU. Enhanced scan showed heterogeneous nodular enhancement in the solid part of the right adrenal gland, nodular enhancement could be seen inside. The CT values of solid part in arterial phase, venous phase and delayed phase were 45 HU, 50 HU and 81 HU, respectively. Considering from the right adrenal gland, cortical cancer was more likely. No obvious abnormality was found in his endocrine examination. After adequate preoperative preparation, retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed under general anesthesia. During the operation, the 6 cm adrenal tumor was closely related to the inferior vena cava and liver, and after careful separation, the tumor was completely removed and normal adrenal tissue was preserved. The operation lasted 180 min and the blood loss was 100 mL, and the blood pressure was stable during and after the operation. There was no obvious complication. The results of pathological examinations were as follows: the size of the tumor was 7.5 cm×6.0 cm×3.5 cm, soft, with intact capsule and grayish-red cystic in section. Pathological diagnosis: (right adrenal gland) cavernous hemangioma, secondary intravascular thrombosis, old hemorrhagic infarction with calcification and ossification. After 6 months of observation, no obvious complications and tumor recurrence were found. In summary, cavernous hemangioma of adrenal gland is a rare histopathological change. Its essence is a malformed vascular mass. Blood retention is the cause of thrombosis and calcification in malformed vessels. The imaging findings were inhomogeneous enhancement of soft tissue masses, and the adrenal function examination showed no obvious abnormalities. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery is feasible after adequate preoperative preparation. It is difficult to diagnose the disease preoperatively and needs to be confirmed by postoperative pathology.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/surgery* ; Adrenalectomy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Hemangioma, Cavernous/surgery* ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local

Endometriosis(EMs), whose pathogenesis is complicatedand is not fully understood, is a common gynecological disease. The association between gene polymorphism and EMs is a hot spot of research for its pathogenesis and pathogenic mechanism, which provides a research basis for detection of susceptible disease loci inhigh-risk groups and the identification and genetic analysis ofdiseases and related genes, and offers more help for EMs patients in clarifying diagnosis at source and improving therapy outcome. This paper reviews the research status of EMs gene polymorphism.

In this study, the effect of benzo[α]pyrene (BaP) on chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) in a simulated hypoxia environment was observed and the relationship to heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) was clarified. With HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA) and HSP90α silenced, the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), HSP90, heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70), and lysosomal associated protein 2A (LAMP-2A) of A549 cells on hypoxic environment by BaP were tested. Alkaline comet experiment, immunofluorescence γ-H2AX focus experiment, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and Western blot analyses were used to clarify the relationship between the DNA damage of different concentrations of BaP in A549 cells and the mRNA and protein expression of CMA-related factors. The results show that hypoxia can promote the expression of mRNA and protein of CMA-related factors in A549 cells. This study found that BaP has an inhibitory effect on CMA under the hypoxic environment. The inhibition or silencing of HSP90 will enhance the inhibitory effect of BaP on CMA. In a normoxic environment, BaP causes DNA damage and promotes CMA.

Objective To analyze the differences among electrical damage, burns and abrasions in pig skin using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy （FTIR-MSP） combined with machine learning algorithm, to construct three kinds of skin injury determination models and select characteristic markers of electric injuries, in order to provide a new method for skin electric mark identification. Methods Models of electrical damage, burns and abrasions in pig skin were established. Morphological changes of different injuries were examined using traditional HE staining. The FTIR-MSP was used to detect the epidermal cell spectrum. Principal component method and partial least squares method were used to analyze the injury classification. Linear discriminant and support vector machine were used to construct the classification model, and factor loading was used to select the characteristic markers. Results Compared with the control group, the epidermal cells of the electrical damage group, burn group and abrasion group showed polarization, which was more obvious in the electrical damage group and burn group. Different types of damage was distinguished by principal component and partial least squares method. Linear discriminant and support vector machine models could effectively diagnose different damages. The absorption peaks at 2 923 cm^-1, 2 854 cm^-1, 1 623 cm^-1, and 1 535 cm^-1 showed significant differences in different injury groups. The peak intensity of electrical injury's 2 923 cm^-1 absorption peak was the highest. Conclusion FTIR-MSP combined with machine learning algorithm provides a new technique to diagnose skin electrical damage and identification electrocution.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Fourier Analysis ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Machine Learning ; Swine

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1 (PID1, NYGGF4) onpromotion of IR and HCC, and explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Lentivirus were used to mediate the knockdown of PID1 in HFD induced IR mouse model as well as ob/ob mice. Intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance were performed 4 weeks after lentivirus injection. Hydrodynamics-based transfection was applied to induce the liver specific overexpression of PID1. Flow cytometry was exerted to detect the proportion and function of immune cells.qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of downstream pathways of PID1. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were conducted to identify proteins interacting with PID1.Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)was operated to measure the modification of H3K4me3 of PID1 promoter.RESULTS PID1 restriction improved insulin resistance,hyperglycemia and fatty liver. Conversely, hepatic knockdown of PID1 attenuated liver xenografted tumor growth. Moreover,PID1 liver-specific protooncogenes via hydrodynamics-based transfection established a primary hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model,induced an immunosuppressive environment,with the reduction of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+T cells,retarded maturation of dendritic cells(DCs),pronounced differentiation of regulatory T cells(Tregs),and recruitment of MDSC.In addition,PID1 overexpression activated prolifer-ation related genes, promoted anti-inflammatory genes, suppressed pro-inflammatory genes, induced glycolysis and lipid metabolism genes to facilitate tumorigenesis in liver. Importantly, PID1 exerted its tumor-promoting function through binding to epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and activation of downstream KRAS/ERK pathway.As such,PID1 exist trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4(H3K4me3) modification and IR up-regulated the expression of PID1 by activation the H3K4me3 modification. CONCLUSION PID1 is a new gene that exerts both liver cancer-promoting and insulin resistance inducing function.IR accelerates liver cancer development and progression partially dependent on the activation of PID1.