Objective: To understand the current development status and challenges of college hospitals in Shandong and to seek scientific countermeasures, so as to promote the development of college hospitals. Methods: A total of 178 college hospitals in Shandong Province were surveyed by a questionnaire in December 2022. Additionally, 30 university hospital directors were selected for field investigations and telephone interviews by direct selection method. The survey covered aspects such as management and operation, human resources, departmental staffing and hospital functions. Results: About 65.73% of college hospitals were affiliated with the logistics department of their respective colleges. Tier 1 hospital accounted for 28.09% of the total. Personnel shortage in university hospitals was evident, and there were 109(61.24%) hospitals where the number of nonpermanent staff exceeded that of permanent staff. About 143 university hospitals (80.34%) had requirements for the promotion of professional and technical personnel. A total of 102(57.30%) college hospitals had incomplete departmental configurations. A survey of 30 college hospitals showed that 7 schools set up health professionals with a ratio of 600∶1. The number of people aged 40 and above was the highest, accounting for 53.12%; and the professional titles were mainly junior and intermediate, accounting for 83.95%. The department settings mainly included internal medicine (96.67%), preventive health care (63.33%) and surgery (60.00%). A total of 12 schools offered public health education courses. Conclusions There are deficiencies in the management and operation, hardware facilities, personnel department allocation and functional performance of college hospitals in Shandong Province. It is necessary to clarify the functional positioning of the college hospitals, improve both software and hardware facilities, strengthen talent construction, innovate health education, in order to effectively improve the service level of college hospitals.