Implantable collamer lenses (ICL) implantation provides a new method for the treatment of children with high myopia, anisometropia and amblyopia, who may be spectacle aversive and unsuited to contact lens wear and corneal refractive surgery.Surgery can improve children's uncorrected visual acuity, increase contrast sensitivity, promote mental health and improve quality of life.This treatment has a significant effect on amblyopia.After ICL implantation, the refractive state is highly stable, and the stability is better than small incision lenticule extraction and laser subepithelial keratomileusis.The selection of ICL size and power is critical to the success of surgery, and preoperative prediction of vault should be made in consideration of children's eye development.Perioperative anesthesia, incision method as well as type, amount and duration of postoperative medication are different from those of adults.Furthermore, common postoperative complications in children include pupillary block glaucoma, elevation of intraocular pressure, loss of corneal endothelial cells, wound leak, and traumatic dislocation of the ICL.Implantation of ICL in children is a staged treatment during the sensitive period of refractive development.After the refractive development of both eyes is stabilized, refractive errors can be corrected by other methods.This article reviews the advantages of ICL implantation in the treatment of children with high myopia and amblyopia, and focuses on ICL selection, postoperative complications and remaining problems, to provide a reference for clinical application.

Thought Imprint Psychotherapy under Hypnosis(TIP)and Narrative Therapy are two different kinds of psychotherapy, both with the characteristic of story treatment. The psychotherapist uses re-growth means in TIP treatment, and Narrative Therapy uses means such as externalizing problems, reconstructing story, and so on. This article chiefly discusses two treatments, to confirm some similarities and differences between them and provide guidance for the actual treatment.

There are many discussions and researches on the positive role of security and negative role of insecurity. However, from the view of biology and evolution, insecurity should be exist when people were born. It makes human to think, then produce relevant behaviors. Just these thinking and behaviors produce culture, maintain psychological individual balance and realize personal value.

Objective To investigate the influence of sodium fluoride(NaF)on alkaline phosphatase (ALP)activity and bone gla protein(BGP)synthesis in yellow ligament cells from different surgical simples in vitro.Methods The human ligament cells were divided into three groups according to its sources,including normal yellow ligament cells(NLF)group(from acute traumatic thoracolumbar fractures with paraplegia in 7 patients),degenerative yellow ligament cells(DLF)group(from degenerative lumbar stenosis in 9 cases)and ossified ligament cells(OLF)group(thoracic yellow ligament from 8 patients).Twenty-four groups of cells were obtained under vitro cell culture by the method of tissue adherence.Different concentrations of NaF were added into the medium when the cells spread to the fifth generation.Then,the morphological changes were observed and ALP activity and BGP synthesis were tested.Results Human yellow ligament cells from different samples can proliferate and be passaged in vitro.The cell in ossific groups and degenerative groups were pleomorphic and could form calcium nodules.High concentration of NaF(1.0 mmol/L)can lead to cytotoxic reaction in all 24 groups.Low concentrations of(0.01-0.125 mmol/L)NaF can enhance the ALP activity and BGP synthesis in DLF groups while no effect was found in OLF and NLF groups cells under the same concentration of NaF.Conclusion The fact that fluoride can promote ALP activity and BGP synthesis in degenerative yellow ligament cells in vitro indicates fluoride may play an important role in inducing further ossification of human ligament cells.