OBJECTIVE:Although wearable electronic devices have demonstrated potential utility as intervention tools to enhance physical activity,comprehensive evaluations of their specific effects on the healthy adolescent population remain scarce.Consequently,this article aims to systematically explore and summarize the impact of interventions based on wearable electronic devices on the physical activity and sedentary behavior of healthy adolescents,thereby providing more precise and reliable evidence-based support for public health practices. METHODS:Randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of wearable electronic device-based interventions on the physical activity and sedentary behavior of healthy adolescents were retrieved from databases including Web of Science,PubMed,Scopus,The Cochrane Library,and EBSCO.Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17,evaluating the effects of interventions on physical activity and sedentary behavior through the standardized mean difference.To ensure the robustness of the research findings,a Leave-One-Out sensitivity analysis was conducted,and subgroup analyses were carried out to explore the potential influence of different factors on the results.The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(CRD42023406645). RESULTS:(1)Twelve publications were ultimately included,consisting of three randomized controlled trials and nine cluster-randomized controlled trials,involving a total of 4 933 healthy adolescents.(2)Meta-analysis results revealed that interventions based on wearable electronic devices had a positive effect on moderate to vigorous physical activity[standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.10;95%confidence interval(CI):0.04 to 0.17;P<0.05).However,the interventions did not significantly improve low-intensity physical activity(SMD=-0.15;95%CI:-0.32 to 0.02;P>0.05),daily step count(SMD=0.13;95%CI:-0.65 to 0.91;P>0.05),and sedentary behavior(SMD=0.00;95%CI:-0.09 to 0.09;P>0.05).(3)Subgroup analyses indicated that short-term interventions(≤12 weeks)(SMD=0.11;95%CI:0.03 to 0.18;P=0.008),studies using pedometers worn at the waist or hip(SMD=0.10;95%CI:0.04 to 0.17;P=0.002),and experiments registered at clinical trial centers(SMD=0.11;95%CI:0.04 to 0.17;P=0.001)had a more significant effect on enhancing daily moderate to vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSION:The current evidence suggests that interventions based on wearable electronic devices possess certain advantages in enhancing the daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity of healthy adolescents.It is recommended that interventions not exceeding 12 weeks and utilizing pedometers positioned at the waist or hip may yield more favorable results.However,the effects of these interventions on daily step count,low-intensity physical activity,and sedentary behavior exhibit some limitations.Consequently,future investigations necessitate higher-quality,larger-scale randomized controlled trials for further validation.

Objective:To explore the impacts of thermotherapy combined with gemcitabine on the biological behavior of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells.Methods:Human tongue squamous cell carcinoma Tca8113 cells were divided into the control group (blank control), gemcitabine group, thermotherapy group (heated in an incubator at 43℃ for 1 h and then incubated at 37℃ for 24 h) and thermotherapy + gemcitabine group. The proliferation ability of Tca8113 cells was assessed by EdU staining and CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle of Tca8113 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The invasion of Tca8113 cells was determined by Transwell chamber assay. The expression levels of cyclin D1 (CyclinD1), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, phosphorylated histone H2AX (γH2AX) and Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1) proteins in Tca8113 cells were measured by Western blot. The changes of tumor mass and volume were detected by xenograft tumor in vivo test in nude mice. Multi-group comparison was performed by one-way ANOVA. Two group comparison was conducted by SNK- q test. Results:Compared with the control group, EdU positive cell percentage, OD 450 value, invasive cell number, CyclinD1, MMP-9 and NBS1 protein expression of Tca8113 cells were decreased, whereas the apoptosis rate, the expression of Bax and γH2AX proteins were increased in the gemcitabine, thermotherapy and thermotherapy + gemcitabine groups ( q=4.45-72.06, all P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the proportion of G 0/G 1 phase cells was decreased, whereas the proportion of S and G 2/M phase cells was increased in the gemcitabine and thermotherapy + gemcitabine groups, the proportion of G 0/G 1 phase cells was decreased and the proportion of G 2/M phase cells was increased in the hyperthermia group ( q=10.36-61.09, all P<0.001). Compared with the gemcitabine and thermotherapy groups, EdU positive cell percentage, OD 450 value, G 0/G 1 phase cell proportion, invasive cell number, CyclinD1, MMP-9 and NBS1 protein expression of Tca8113 cells were decreased, whereas apoptosis rate, S, G 2/M phase cell proportion, Bax and γH2AX protein expression were increased in the thermotherapy + gemcitabine group ( q=4.45-28.73, all P<0.001). Xenograft tumor in vivo test in nude mice showed that the tumor volume and mass of nude mice in the gemcitabine, thermotherapy, and thermotherapy + gemcitabine groups were decreased compared with those in the control group ( q=5.58-73.02, all P<0.001). Compared with the gemcitabine and thermotherapy groups, the tumor volume and mass in the thermotherapy + gemcitabine group were decreased ( q=5.58-21.45, all P<0.001). Conclusion:The combination of thermotherapy and gemcitabine can inhibit the proliferation and invasion, block the cell cycle, and induce cell apoptosis of Tca8113 cells.

Objective:To investigate the regulation and possible mechanism of hyperthermia (HT) on the ferroptosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue cell line CAL-27.Methods:Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of Fer-1, an inhibitor of ferroptosis, was detected by CCK-8 assay and used for subsequent experiments. CAL-27 cells were divided into the HT, control, Fer-1 and HT+ Fer-1 groups according to experimental design. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and iron ion concentration were determined by corresponding detection kits. The p53 and TfR1 mRNA levels were detected by real-time reverse transcription PCR. Cell migration was detected by cell scratch test and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results:HT significantly up-regulated the ROS levels ( P<0.01) and iron ion concentration ( P<0.001), and significantly increased the expression levels of p53 and TfR1 mRNA (both P<0.01). The cell migration ability was decreased ( P<0.001), whereas cell apoptosis rate was increased by HT ( P<0.01). In the HT+Fer-1 group, the ROS levels ( P<0.001), iron ion concentration ( P<0.001), expression levels of p53 and TfR1 mRNA (both P<0.01) were significantly down-regulated, the cell migration ability was recovered ( P<0.01), and cell apoptosis rate was decreased ( P<0.01) compared with those in the HT group, respectively. Conclusions:HT may induce the ferroptosis of CAL-27 cell line, inhibit cell migration ability and promote cell apoptosis by activating the p53/TfR1 pathway.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in promoting tumor vascular growth and changing vascular wall permeability. With the in-depth study of tumor hyperthermia and tumor microenvironment, more and more studies have shown that hyperthermia exerts multiple regulatory effects on VEGF in tumor microenvironment. Combined with current research progress in China and abroad, this article reviews the effect of hyperthermia on VEGF and its related cells and factors in tumor microenvironment, aiming to provide new ideas for the clinical application of tumor hyperthermia combined with immune or targeted therapy.

Tumor microenvironment possesses immunosuppression characteristics via the mechanism of inducing tumor cell immune escape. The interaction between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment is an important factor affecting tumor genesis and development. As an important part of tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts interact directly or indirectly with tumor cells and produce various cytokines to regulate tumor immune microenvironment. In recent years, hyperthermia has become an auxiliary means of anti-tumor therapy. With the development of research on tumor hyperthermia and tumor microenvironment, a large number of studies have found that hyperthermia can regulate cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment. In this article, recent research progresses of the effects of hyperthermia on cancer-associated fibroblasts and related cells and cytokines in tumor microenvironment were reviewed, providing a new way for clinical application of hyperthermia combined with immune or targeted therapy.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨PD-1抗体联合化疗对比抗血管生成药物联合化疗在晚期驱动基因阴性肺腺癌一线治疗中的疗效和安全性。方法：收集2018年3月至2021年8月河北医科大学第四医院收治的141例不可手术切除的ⅢB/ⅢC和Ⅳ期驱动基因阴性肺腺癌患者，回顾性分析PD-1抗体联合化疗对比抗血管生成药物联合化疗在一线治疗中的疗效与安全性。主要研究终点为无进展生存期（PFS），次要终点为客观缓解率（ORR）、疾病控制率（DCR）和不良反应。结果：141例患者均纳入生存分析，中位随访时间为13.0个月（95% CI：12.0～14.0）。PD-1抗体联合化疗组（A组）和抗血管生成药物联合化疗组（B组）的ORR分别为33.33%和27.38%，DCR分别为98.25%和89.29%，差异均无统计学意义。A组和B组的中位PFS分别为8.4个月（95% CI: 7.3～9.9）和6.9个月（95% CI: 6.1～7.7），差异无统计学意义。亚组分析结果显示，ⅢB/ⅢC期、肝或脑转移患者中，A组中位PFS较B组均延长（均P<0.01）。A组和B组不良反应发生率分别为26.32%和14.29%，多数为1~2级。结论：PD-1抗体联合化疗对比抗血管生成药物联合化疗一线治疗晚期驱动基因阴性肺腺癌疗效相当，不良反应可耐受，可成为晚期驱动基因阴性肺腺癌标准一线治疗。

Objective:To observe the effect of hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel on the proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line CAL-27, and to explore the underlying mechanism.Methods:The working concentration of paclitaxel was determined by CCK-8 assay, and the cultured CAL-27 cells were divided into the control, paclitaxel, 42℃ hyperthermia and combined treatment groups. The ability of cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. The expression levels of AKT, p-AKT, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in each group were measured by Western blot.Results:Compared with the control group, the proliferation was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis of CAL-27 cells was significantly promoted in the combined treatment, hyperthermia and paclitaxel groups (all P<0.05), and the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-promoting effect in the combined treatment group was significantly better than those in the hyperthermia and paclitaxel groups (all P<0.05). Western blot showed that hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel could significantly up-regulate the expression level of Bax protein and significantly down-regulate the expression levels of P-AKT and Bcl-2 in CAL-27 cells (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel can play a synergistic role in inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of AKT activation and the activation of Bax/Bcl-2 apoptosis signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the expression of LncRNA DLEU1 in ESCC tissues, and its effect on the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells. Methods We collected 58 cases of ESCC tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues. RT-qPCR was used to detect the relative expression levels of DLEU1 in ESCC tissues and cells. Log-rank test was used to analyze the relation between the expression of DLEU1 and clinicopathological features. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to investigate the correlation between the expression of DLEU1 and the survival of ESCC patients. Multivariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the effect of DLEU1 on the prognosis of ESCC patients. Effects of DLEU1 on the proliferation and migration of Eca9706 cells were evaluated by CCK-8 and wound healing assays, respectively. Results DLEU1 was highly expressed in ESCC tissues (P < 0.01) and significantly correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (all P < 0.05). High expression of DLEU1 was negatively correlated with poor prognosis of ESCC patients (P < 0.01), and DLEU1 was also an independent prognostic risk factor (P < 0.05). Moreover, knockdown of DLEU1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of Eca9706 cells, compared with the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion DLEU1 is highly expressed in ESCC tissues. The expression of DLEU1 is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of ESCC patients and promotes ESCC cell proliferation and migration.

Metabolic reprogramming is a malignancy hallmark, which refers to the ability of cancer cells to alter metabolic and nutrient acquisition modes in order to support the energy demands for accomplishing the rapid growth, dissemination, metastasis and obtain the "building blocks" needed to maintain cell division. When solid tumors are exposed to low pH, low oxygen and tumor microenvironment with nutrient deficiencies, the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 can be activated, which mediates the remodeling of metabolic patterns in tumor cells, namely, energy is obtained by circulating intracellular components (removing substrates such as proteins and lipid) or by utilizing adaptive metabolic reprogramming (such as glycolysis, autophagy and lipid metabolism, etc.). As a treatment scheme based on local heating of tumors, hyperthermia has a variety of anticancer mechanisms and can be used in combination with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biological immune therapy. In this review, we briefly discussed the metabolic remodeling model mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in a hypoxia microenvironment, described the possible regulatory mechanism of hyperthermia on hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and prospected the application of hyperthermia in oral and maxillofacial tumors.

Objective:The investigate the roles and significance of HIF-1α and CYPJ in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell (TSCC), and further evaluate the regulatory effect of hyperthermia (HT) on HIF-1α and CYPJ in TSCC cells.Methods:Eighty samples of cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues from TSCC patients were collected. The expression levels of HIF-1α and CYPJ were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting (WB) and fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the relationship between the expression levels of HIF-1α and CYPJ and clinicopathological characteristics was further analyzed. The expression levels of HIF-1α and CYPJ in Cal-27 cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions for 24 h when combined with HT (42℃), chemotherapy and both were detected by qPCR and WB. Cell migration was detected by cell scratch test and cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry.Results:The expression levels of HIF-1α and CYPJ proteins in the tumor tissues of TSCC patients were higher than those in the adjacent normal tissues, which were significantly correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis in TSCC patients (all P<0.05), whereas they were not correlated with gender or age (all P>0.05). The expression levels of HIF-1α and CYPJ in Cal-27 cells were significantly up-regulated in the hypoxic microenvironment (both P<0.05), which were also significantly enhanced by hyperthermia alone (both P<0.05). Compared with hyperthermia or chemotherapy alone, hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy significantly inhibited the expression of HIF-1α and CYPJ, suppressed cell migration and promoted cell apoptosis (all P<0.05). Conclusions:HIF-1α and CYPJ may be potential biomarkers for TSCC tumorigenicity and prognosis. In addition, tumor recurrence after hyperthermia may be due to the role of hyperthermia in triggering HIF-1α expression, which promotes the growth and survival of tumor cells adaptive to hyperthermia treatment by activating the downstream target genes, while hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy may be a promising treatment for TSCC.