Objective: To evaluate the prognostic impact of tumor deposits on the overall survival (OS) of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2012, 312 GC patients undergoing curative resection in The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University were enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the tumor deposit status of postopera-tive pathology: positive group, presence of tumor deposits and negative group, absence of tumor deposits. The correlations of tumor deposit status with clinicopathological and potential prognostic factors were analyzed. Results: Eighty-four (26.9%) patients had tumor deposits. There were significant differences in Borrmann type, tumor size, depth of invasion, N stage, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymphovascular invasion between the two groups on univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that Borrmann type, N stage, and lymphovascular invasion were independently associated with the presence of tumor deposits. In univariate survival analy-sis, age, tumor location, Borrmann type, tumor size, TNM stage, type of gastrectomy, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of tumor deposits were found to be significant prognostic factors. GC patients with tumor deposits had a significantly lower 5-year OS rate than those without tumor deposits (5-year OS: 34.5% vs . 67.5% , P<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that age, Borrmann type III/IV, TNM stage, lymphovascular invasion, and presence of tumor deposits were independent prognostic factors for this cohort. Further stratified analysis demonstrated that the significant prognostic differences between the two groups were only observed in patients with stage N0-3a disease. There were no significant differences in survival between patients with and without tumor deposits at the N3b stage. The prognosis of GC patients with tumor deposits was independently correlated with N stage, lymphovascular invasion, and postoperative chemotherapy. Conclusions: The presence of tumor deposits was an independent prognostic factor in GC patients and can be used as a prognostic indicator for GC patients with stage N0-3a disease. GC patients with tumor deposits should receive postop-erative chemotherapy regardless of TNM stage.

Objective To explore prevention and cure effects of the freeze-dried human fibrin glue as the way of the lacrimal duct embolization on xerophthalmia in perimenopausal female rabbit.Methods A total of 72 female rabbits,after anti infection treatment and were cut off third eyelid,were made into perimenopausal xerophthalmia rabbit models.After surgery,all of these rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups (12 rabbits per group):No treatment group after surgery (group A),PBS prevention group (group B),freeze-dried human fibrin prevention group (group C);no treatment group after modeling (modeling time:Two weeks after surgery,group D),PBS treatment group (group E),freeze-dried human fibrin treatmentgroup (group F).The Schirmer test (SIT),corneal fluorescein (FL) and corneal confocal microscope were performed before and 2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks after injection.Results There were statistical differences in FL score and SIT in group A,group B and group C among different time points (F =27.346,10.608;P =0.000,0.001);There were statistical differences between FL scores and SIT among three groups (F =7.579,6.786;P =0.002,0.007);There was significant difference in FL scores and SIT trends among three groups(F =44.897,3.424;P =0.000,0.045).The FL score and SIT of group D,group E and group F were significantly improved after treatment for 2 weeks,4 weeks and 6 weeks,the differences were statistically significant (t =2.906,3.654,4.504;P =0.022,0.017,0.013.t =4.573,5.759,7.231;P =0.032,0.019,0.008);The difference between FL score and SIT in group E and group F was statistically significant after treatment (t =2.776,4.124,5.324;P =0.032,0.026,0.017.t =1.969,3.122,4.324;P =0.038,0.023,0.009).After injection of 6 weeks,the epithelial basal cells (F =17.306,P =0.002) and inflammatory cells (F =34.024,P =0.000) of group A,B and C were significant changed,the differences were statistically significant.After injection of 6 weeks,the epithelial basal cells (F =3.749,P =0.042)and inflarnmatory cells(F=8.806,P =0.005) of group D,E and F were significant changed,the differences were also statistically significant.Conclusion Lacrimal duct embolization with freeze-dried human fibrin glue is effective for the xerophthalmia.

Objective To analyze the thickness of cornea and corneal epithelium in healthy subjects by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods Totally 100 healthy subjects aged between 20 and 30 years were analyzed by OCTA technique.Using AngioVue OCTA system of retinal imaging mode,and using SSADA algorithm for imaging,the cornea and the corneal epithelium in the central corneal diameter range of 9 mm were measured.The differences of corneal and corneal epithelial thickness in different gender regions were compared.Results In the male and female group,the corneal central total thickness were (559.92 ±33.26) μm and(540.06 ±31.63)μm,and the corneal epithelial thickness were(57.78 ±4.88) μm and(56.88 ±4.57) μm,The total central corneal thickness and central corneal epithelial thickness of the male were greater than those of the female,the difference was statistically significant (t =3.06,2.10;all P ＜ 0.05).The cornea of male was the thickest at S5,S7 and SN9,there were significant differences at S5 and S7 compared with female (t =2.93,2.83;all P ＜ 0.05);The female cornea was the thickest at S5,SN7 and SN9,and the difference was significant at S5 compared with male.The cornea of male subjects was the thinnest at IT,which was statistically significant only at IT5 compared with female subjects in the same area (t =2.02,P ＜ 0.05);The cornea of female subjects was the thinnest at T5,IT7 and T9,which was statistically significant only at T5 and T9 compared with male subjects in the same region (t =2.63,2.20;all P ＜ 0.05);There was significant difference in corneal thickness between male and female at ST (t =3.1 1,2.79,2.33;all P ＜ 0.05).The corneal epithelium was the thickest at IT5,I7,and I9,and the lowest at S5,S7 and S9,and there was no significant difference compared with female in the same region (all P ＞ 0.05).The corneal epithelium of female at the IT5,T7,N9 were the thickest,SN5,S7,S9 were the thinnest;Except for M2 and SN5,there was no significant differences in corneal epithelium between male and female groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Corneal central epithelium accounted for the largest percentage of total corneal thickness,and gradually decreased from inside to outside.Conclusion OCTA can be used to measure the thickness of corneal and corneal epithelial regions.

Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is a member of aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAAHs) family, and catalyze phenylalanine (Phe) into tyrosine (Tyr). Using immunological and RT-PCR methods to prove the existence of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene in the brain of Neanthes japonica in protein and nucleic acid level. Using Western blotting to detect the pah immunogenicity of Neanthes japonica. Making paraffin sections and using immunohistochemical technique to identify the presence and distribution of the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene in the brain of Neanthes japonica. Clone pah gene from the brain of Neanthes japonica by RT-PCR, constructing plasmid and transferring into E. coli to amplification, picking a single homogeneous colony, double digesting then making sequence and comparing homology. Western blotting results showed that the expression of the protein is present in Neanthes japonica brain, immunohistochemistry technique results showed that phenylalanine hydroxylase mainly expressed in abdominal of forebrain, dorsal and sides of midbrain. RT-PCR technique results showed that the phenylalanine hydroxylase exist in the brain of Neanthes japonica and has a high homology with others animals. PAH is present in the lower organisms Neanthes japonica, in protein and nucleic acid level. Which provide the foundation for further study the evolution of aromatic amino acid hydroxylase genes in invertebrate.
Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; enzymology ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polychaeta ; enzymology ; genetics

BACKGROUND:Increasing autologous stem cellmobilization is conceived to achieve effectively repair of cardiac ischemic injury. Therefore, it is important to seek a specific and effective mobilization agent. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cellmobilization in myocardial infarction. METHODS:Left anterior descending artery was ligated to establish a rat model of acute myocardial infarction in 90 outbreeding Sprague-Dawley rats, and then the models were randomly divided into three groups. In HIF-1α-antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) group, HIF-1α-ASODN was infused into the tail vein to restrain the expression of HIF-1αin infarcted ischemic tissue. In HIF-1α-missense oligonucleotide (MSODN) group or control group, an equal volume of HIF-1α-MSODN or saline was injected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 30 hours and 7 days of modeling, the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the peripheral blood of the control group were similar to the HIF-1α-MSODN group, but significantly higher than the HIF-1α-ASODN group. After 7 days of modeling, the expressions of HIF-1αprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor protein and mRNA in the ischemic myocardial tissues of the control group were similar to the HIF-1α-MSODN group, but significantly higher than the HIF-1α-ASODN group. After 7, 14 and 28 days of modeling, the capil ary density in the ischemic myocardial tissues of the control group was similar to the HIF-1α-MSODN group, but significantly higher than the HIF-1α-ASODN group. These findings indicate that after acute myocardial infarction, high expression of HIF-1αexhibits a causal relationship with mobilization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, initiating a series of self-healing process of myocardial tissues.

Objective To prepare and purify the polysaccharides in Shuanqian fungal substance (FS);To study its monosaccharide composition and property. Methods Strychnos nux-vomica was under a thirty-day solid fermentation through Trametes cinnabarina. Then crude polysaccharide was got after the process of drying, smashing, water boiling, condensing, decoloring, removing protein and ethanol precipitation. The content of polysaccharides in Shuanqian FS was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Dialysis and gel chromatography method was used to purify the crude polysaccharide. The purified composition was analyzed by acid hydrolysis and thin layer chromatography. Results The content of crude polysaccharide was 47.68%and yield was 10.52%. It showed that polysaccharide in Shuanqian FS contained glucose and galactose, but no nucleic acid and protein. Conclusion Polysaccharide in Shuanqian FS was an offwhite powdery heteropolysaccharide, which contained glucose and galactose.

Objective To investigate the content change of aconitine in Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii in different boiling time. Methods The chromatographic procedure was carried out with methanol-water-chloroform-diethylamide (70∶30∶3∶0.2) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, the column temperature at 30 ℃, and UV detector at 240 nm. Results There was a good linear relationship of aconitine within 0.08-0.8 μg, r=0.999 8 (n=6), and the average recovery rate was 97.16%. The content of aconitine increased gradually in 0-2 h, then gradually decreased. And the reduction was evident particularly during 2-4 hours. Conclusion HPLC method is rapid, simple, accurate, reproducible and reliable for determining aconitine. The content of aconitine can be decreased effectively by boiling 4 hours.

It has been well established that immune surveillance plays critical roles in preventing the occurrence and progression of tumor. More and more evidence in recent years showed the host anti-tumor immune responses also play important roles in the chemotherapy and radiotherapy of cancers. Our previous study found that tumor- targeting therapy of anti-HER2/neu mAb is mediated by CD8(+) T cell responses. However, we found here that enhancement of CD8(+) T cell responses by combination therapy with IL-15R/IL-15 fusion protein or anti-CD40, which are strong stimultors for T cell responses, failed to promote the tumor therapeutic effects of anti-HER2/neu mAb. Analysis of tumor microenviornment showed that tumor tissues were heavily infiltrated with the immunosuppressive macrophages and most tumor infiltrating T cells, especially CD8(+) T cells, expressed high level of inhibitory co-signaling receptor PD-1. These data suggest that tumor microenvironment is dominated by the immunosuppressive strategies, which thwart anti-tumor immune responses. Therefore, the successful tumor therapy should be the removal of inhibitory signals in the tumor microenvironment in combination with other therapeutic strategies.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; immunology ; Tumor Microenvironment ; immunology

Objective Using gradient-echo sampling of spin-echo (GESSE) sequence to study the change of oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in patients with unilateral cerebral vessel stenosis and the relationship between OEF and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Methods Eight normal volunteers and 16 patients with unilateral cerebral vessel stenosis were enrolled in this study. Written informed consents were obtained from all subjects. Routine MRI, GESSE and arterial spin labeling (ASL) sequences were performed for all patients. Raw data from GESSE and VE-ASL sequences were transferred to PC to conduct postprocessing. To obtain quantitative OEF and CBF of the brain parenchyma, 6 ROIs were placed respectively in the anterior, middle and posterior part of both hemispheres. The relative CBF (rCBF) was defined as the ratio of CBF of ischemic hemisphere to that of contralateral hemisphere. T test was used for statistics. Results The mean value and normal range of OEF in the volunteers were 0. 318 ± 0. 023 and 0. 272-0. 364, respectively. In the 16 patients with unilateral cerebral vessel stenosis, 8 patients had ROIs with greater OEF in unilateral hemisphere than those in contralateral hemisphere. These cases presented multiple intracranial main arterial stenoses in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or MR angiography (MRA) examination. The other 8 patients had normal OEF in all ROIs. And they only had single arterial stenosis in DSA or MRA. Set rCBF = 0. 50 as a dividing point, the mean OEF value was 0. 397 ±0. 010 in the patients with rCBF ＜ 0. 50. In the patients with rCBF ≥ 0. 5, the mean OEF value was 0. 325 ±0. 028. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t = - 8. 840, P = 0. 000).Conclusion Patients with chronic cerebral ischemia may present with various hemodynamic impairment.The more CBF decreases, the more OEF increases. Those with increased OEF tended to have more than one lesion in the major intracranial arteries.

Objective To explore the effects of gadopentetate dimeglumine injection on renal function. Methods The study included 623 consecutive patients. Their serum creatinine concentrations before and within 3 days after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine were analyzed. Their eGFR ( estimated glomerular filtration rate) were calculated. Patients were divided into two groups according to their injection dose: group received single dose and group received double dose. Patients in each group were subdivided into three subgroups according to their eGFR: subgroup of normal renal function, subgroup of mild renal insufficiency and subgroup of moderate renal insufficiency. Paried sample t test and group design paried sample Rank Sum test were used for statistical analysis. Results There was no adverse reaction oroccurrence of acute renal insufficiency. The mean level of serum creatinine dropped from (74. 0 ±17. 2) μ mol/L to (71.5 ± 19. 0) μ mol/L (t = 5. 39, P ＜ 0. 05 ) in 623 cases after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. However, the mean level of serum creatinine increased from (89.6 ± 12. 2 ) μmol/L to (92. 1 ± 14. 6) μmol/L ( t = 0. 68, P ＞ 0. 05 ) in subgroup of mild renal insufficiency under group received double dose and increased from ( 118. 3 ± 15. 3 ) μmol/L to ( 135.7 ± 8. 5 ) μ mol/L ( t = 2. 02, P ＜ 0. 05 ) in subgroup of moderate renal insufficiency under group received double dose, the mean level of serum creatinine dropped in all other subgroups. Conclusions Single dose gadopentetate dimeglumine is safe for patients with normal renal function and mild, moderate renal insufficiency in short term, but patients with abnormal renal function should be followed up after double dose injection.