ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of Rehmanniae Radix iridoid glycosides （RIG） on the kidney tissue of streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic mice and explore the underlying mechanism. MethodsTwelve of 72 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly selected as the normal group， and the remaining 60 mice were fed with a high-fat diet for six weeks combined with injection of 60 mg·kg^-1 STZ for 4 days to model type 2 diabetes mellitus. The successfully modeled mice were randomized into model， metformin （250 mg·kg^-1）， catalpol （100 mg·kg^-1）， low-dose RIG （RIG-L， 200 mg·kg^-1） and high-dose RIG （RIG-H， 400 mg·kg^-1） groups （n=11）. Mice in each group were administrated with corresponding drugs， while those in the normal group and model group were administrated with the same dose of distilled water by gavage once a day. After 8 weeks of intervention， an oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） was performed， and the area under the curve （AUC） was calculated. After mice were sacrificed， both kidneys were collected. The body weight， kidney weight， and fasting blood glucose （FBG） were measured. Biochemical assays were performed to measure the serum levels of triglycerides （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， serum creatinine （SCr）， and blood urea nitrogen （BUN）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to determine the serum level of fasting insulin （FINS）， and the insulin sensitivity index （ISI） and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） were calculated. The pathological changes in kidneys of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining. The immunohistochemical method （IHC） was employed to assess the expression of interleukin-1 （IL-1）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）， transforming growth factor-β₁ （TGF-β₁）， and collagen-3 （ColⅢ） in the kidney tissue. The protein levels of TGF-β₁， cell signal transduction molecule 3 （Smad3）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and ColⅢ in kidneys of mice were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the model group showcased decreased body weight and ISI （P<0.01）， increased kidney weight， FBG， AUC， FINS， HOMA-IR， TC， TG， SCr， and BUN （P<0.01）， glomerular hypertrophy， capsular space narrowing， and collagen deposition in the kidney， up-regulated protein levels of IL-1， IL-6， TNF-α， TGF-β₁， ColⅢ， and Smad3 （P<0.01）， and down-regulated protein level of MMP-9 （P<0.01） in the kidney tissue. Compared with the model group， the treatment groups had no significant difference in the body weight and decreased kidney weight （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The FBG level declined in the RIG-H group after treatment for 4-8 weeks and in the metformin， catalpol， and RIG-L groups after treatment for 6-8 weeks （P<0.01）. The AUC in the RIG-L， RIG-H， and metformin groups decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The levels of TC， SCr， and BUN in the serum of mice in each treatment group became lowered （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The level of TG declined in the RIG-L， RIG-H， and metformin groups （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The serum level of FINS declined in the catalpol， RIG-L， and metformin groups （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the treatment groups showed decreased HOMA-IR （P<0.01）， increased ISI （P<0.01）， alleviated pathological changes in the kidney tissue， and down-regulated expression of IL-1 and TGF-β₁. In addition， the protein levels of IL-6， TNF-α， and ColⅢ in the RIG-H and metformin groups and IL-6 and TNF-α in the RIG-L group were down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the protein levels of IL-6， TNF-α， and ColⅢ in the catalpol group and ColⅢ in the RIG-L group showed a decreasing trend without statistical difference. The protein levels of TGF-β₁， Smad3， and ColⅢ in the RIG-H and metformin groups were down-regulated （P<0.01）. Compared with that in the model group， the protein level of MMP-9 was up-regulated in each treatment group （P<0.01）. ConclusionRIG can improve the renal structure and function of diabetic mice by regulating the TGF-β₁/Smads signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and potential mechanism of persimmon leaf （PL） extract against ferroptosis induced by H2O2 in IEC-6 cells. METHODS Using IEC-6 cells as object， the effects of ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 on IEC-6 cell viability induced by H2O2 were investigated； IEC-6 cells were divided into control group， H2O2 group， H2O2+PL 25 μg/mL group and H2O2+PL 50 μg/mL group. The levels of oxidant stress indexes [content of malondialdehyde （MDA）， activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， and levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS）]， mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP） as well as mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor-erythroid-2 related factor 2 （Nrf2）， heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）， NADPH/quinone oxidoreductase-1 （NQO-1）， cystine/glutamate anti-porter （xCT）， glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） and ferritin heavy chain （FTH） were detected. RESULTS Ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 could significantly increase the survival rate of H2O2-induced cells （P＜ 0.01）. Compared with the control group， MDA content， ROS level， mRNA expressions of Nrf2 and NQO-1 as well as protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased or up-regulated significantly， while SOD activity， MMP， mRNA expressions of xCT， GPX4 and FTH as well as protein expressions of GPX4 and FTH were decreased or down-regulated significantly （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. Compared with the H2O2 group， oxidative stress Δ indexes of H2O2+PL 25， 50 μg/mL groups were reversed to different extents， MMP level was increased significantly， as well as mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2， HO-1， NQO-1，xCT， GPX4 and FTH were up-regulated to different extents；there were statistical significances in some indexes between groups （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS PL extract can alleviate mitochondrial membrane damage and abnormal accumulation of ROS caused by H2O2， which may be related to the inhibition of ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Objective To understand the surveillance situation of poliovirus in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2024, and to further strengthen polio surveillance and ensure the continued maintenance of a polio-free status. Methods An analysis was conducted on the discovery and investigation results of six cases of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) detected in Guangzhou. Results A total of 6 VDPV incidents were reported in Guangzhou from 2011 to June 2024, among which 5 incidents were from sewage sample testing in the Liede Sewage Treatment Plant in Guangzhou, all of which were confirmed as VDPV, with 1 for type I, 1 for type II, and 3 for type III. In addition, one confirmed HFMD case was identified as a type VDPV II carrier. No presence of any wild poliovirus (WPV), VDPV cases, or circulating VDPV (cVDPV) was reported. Conclusion Guangzhou City has maintained a high level of vigilance and effectiveness in the monitoring and prevention of polio. Continuously strengthening the construction of the polio monitoring network, optimizing vaccination strategies, and comprehensively improving public health awareness are still the focus of the prevention and control work in the future.

Objective To study the unqualified items in the reported quality control tests of linear accelerators, analyze the issues in quality control tests, and propose the key points and development directions for accelerator quality control test in China. Methods A literature review was conducted using the CNKI database to analyze the qualified rates of test items and the issues in quality control tests. Results In the literature on the quality control tests of linear accelerators, except for a few provinces where the qualified rates of all test items were 100%, unqualified items were reported in most of the literature. There were unqualified items related to X-ray and electron beam in different reports. Error of dose indication was the unqualified item with the highest occurrence rate in X-ray test, and the item with the lowest qualified rates in X-ray and electron beam tests. The lowest qualified rate of X-ray dose indication error was 73.5% in 2016, and the lowest qualified rate of electron beam dose indication error was 46.2% in 2017. Conclusion Tests should be carried out strictly according to the items and intervals specified by the quality control test standards. Hospitals, radiation health technology service institutions, and health administrative departments should each fulfill their respective responsibilities, work together, and place emphasis on ensuring effective quality control tests of linear accelerators to further enhance the overall quality control standards for these devices.

Objective　To explore the application of time series models based on meteorological factors in the population density of Aedes albopictus in Hainan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of dengue fever in Hainan Province. Methods　The density of Aedes albopictus in different habitats in 18 cities and counties of Hainan Province from 2017 to 2022 was monitored monthly using the double-mosquito net trapping index and the Breteau index. Mann-Kendall trend test was used to analyze the temporal trends of the two density indices; Spearman's correlation analysis was employed to assess the correlation strength between each meteorological factor and the two indexes, eliminating unrelated variables, and further selecting the final variables through the full-subset regression method. Three time-series models were constructed for the two density indices, with root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and other accuracy metrics used to determine the optimal model; predictions for the density indices for 2023-2024 were made. All statistical analyses were performed in R (4.3.1). Results　The net trapping and Breteau indices showed an overall decrease over the years (Z-values of Mann-Kendall trend test were -6.15 and -4.03, respectively, and P<0.05). The meteorological factor most strongly associated with the trap index was the monthly average minimum temperature; monthly mean minimum temperature and monthly mean relative humidity were strongly correlated with the Breteau index. Based on various evaluation indicators, the multivariate time series model demonstrated the highest accuracy. The study predicts one to two peaks in both the trap index and Breteau Index for the years 2023 and 2024, with peak periods occurring between June to September and May to September, respectively. The predicted value for 2023 aligns with the measured value, demonstrating outstanding predictive accuracy. Conclusions　This study has introduced meteorological factors into the seasonal time series model, allowing for more accurate predictions of the density of Aedes albopictus in Hainan Province from 2023 to 2024, providing a model framework for the prevention and control of dengue fever in Hainan Province.

【Objective】 To investigate the predictive value of nutritional risk index (NRI), systemic immune inflammatory index (SⅡ) and triglyceride glucose (TyG) index on the condition and prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). 【Methods】 A total of 173 AP patients were divided into mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) group (n=79), moderate acute pancreatitis (MSAP) group (n=44), and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group (n=50) according to their severity. All the 50 SAP patients were divided into death group (19 cases) and survival group (31 cases) according to the death situation. The NRI, SⅡ and TyG indexes of each group were recorded and compared. The values of NRI, SⅡ and TyG index in predicting the occurrence and death of SAP were analyzed with ROC curve. Pearson correlation analysis of the correlation between NRI, SⅡ, and TyG index in SAP patients was made. 【Results】 NRI was significantly lower in SAP group (89.25±4.50) than in MSAP group (93.40±6.25) and MAP group (97.62±8.60), while SⅡand TyG index in SAP group (2 706.30±1 052.74, 7.84±1.21) were significantly higher than those in MSAP group (1 937.24±983.48, 6.52±1.05) and MAP group (1 280.58±717.36, 4.65±0.58) (P<0.001). NRI in death group (86.40±3.70) was significantly lower than that in survival group (91.46±5.28), while SⅡ and TyG index in death group (3 085.73±1 192.48, 9.05±1.37) were significantly higher than those in survival group (2 270.26±994.53, 6.70±1.10) (P<0.001). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of NRI, SⅡ and TyG index jointly predicting SAP occurrence and death was 0.850 (95% CI: 0.792-0.908) and 0.905 (95% CI: 0.843-0.966), respectively. Correlation analysis showed that NRI was negatively correlated with SⅡ and TyG index in SAP patients (r=-0.761, P<0.001, r=-0.813, P<0.001), while SⅡ was positively correlated with TyG index (r=0.842, P<0.001). 【Conclusion】 NRI, SⅡ and TyG index are related to the severity and death of AP patients, and the combination of the three indexes has good value in predicting the occurrence and prognosis of SAP.

Objective Combined with domestic and foreign guidelines,to explore the individualized treatment strategy of urosepsis,and to provide reference for standardized diagnosis and treatment of urosepsis patient.Methods To analyze the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with urogenic sepsis who was admitted to the department of critical care medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University in April 15,2021.During the diagnosis and treatment process,we performed puncture drainage fluid and urine culture as soon as possible to confirm the diagnosis from the perspective of etiology.Considering the possible pathogenic bacteria at the infection site,the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in medical units,and drug safety,imipenem and cilastatin was chosen for anti-infective therapy.A two-step approach was used for drug administration based on drug pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD)characteristics,and drug concentration monitoring.The patients were followed up after discharge.Results The patient was critically ill on admission and was diagnosed with urosepsis.We optimize the empirical use of antimicrobials based on their PK/PD characteristics.Ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy of the left renal pelvis was performed to adequately drain the infection.Urine culture returned as extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli,confirming the etiological diagnosis.After 7 days of treatment,the patient's condition improved,the antibacterial drugs were downgraded to piperacillin-tazobactam,and the total course of anti-infection was 14 days.The patient was in good condition 2 months after discharge,and underwent left ureteral calculus and lithotripsy in the local hospital,and the left nephrostomy tube was removed.After discharge,the patient's condition was stable,no recurrence was found after 7 months of follow-up,and daily life was not affected.Conclusions Management of infection foci in urosepsis patient is critical.Diagnosis and treatment should refer to domestic and foreign guidelines,and formulate treatment strategies based on the distribution of local pathogens,drug resistance,and the actual clinical conditions of patients.Optimize the use of antibiotics based on drug PK/PD characteristics,monitor the concentration of therapeutic drugs,and realize individualized treatment.

Background Occupational stress has been shown to be an important factor affecting the mental health of workers. The role of affective commitment to the organization and overcommitment to work cannot be ignored. However, there is a lack of research on this topic in China. Objective To explore a potential mediating effect of affective commitment on how occupational stress affects the mental health of medical staff and a potential moderating effect of overcommitment on the mediating effect of affective commitment. Methods A total of 1372 health care workers in a tertiary Grade A hospital in Lanzhou City were selected as study subjects for a cross-sectional survey. The occupational stress, emotional commitment, and psychological distress of the subjects were evaluated by the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale, Affective Commitment Scale, and Kessler 10 Scale. SPSS 26.0 was used for correlation analysis, mediation analysis, and moderated mediation analysis. Common method bias wasevaluated by Harman one-factor test. Results A total of 1372 questionnaires were distributed, of which 1277 valid questionnaires were returned, with a valid recovery rate of 93.08%. The mean occupational stress score was 1.14±0.23, the mean overcommitment score was 20.26±3.21, the mean affective commitment score was 20.25±3.34, and the mean psychological distress score was 26.26±7.90. The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that occupational stress among medical staff was positively correlated with overcommitment and psychological distress (r=0.153, 0.410, P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with affective commitment (r=−0.341, P＜0.01); overcommitment was negatively related to affective commitment and positively related to psychological distress (r=−0.107, 0.312, P＜0.01); affective commitment was negatively related to psychological distress (r=−0.464, P＜0.01). The positive effect of occupational stress on psychological distress of medical staff was significant (b=0.41, t=15.42, P<0.001); affective commitment presented a partial mediating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and psychological distress (effect value=0.13), accounting for 31.71% of the total effect; overcommitment moderated the process of occupational stress-affective commitment-psychological distress (P＜0.01). Conclusion Affective commitment of medical staff has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and psychological distress, and overcommitment plays a significant role in moderating the process of occupational stress-affective commitment-psychological distress.

To explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to biosynthesis of active ingredients in wolfberry fruits of different varieties of Lycium barbarum L. and reveal the molecular mechanism of the differences of active ingredients, we utilized Illumina NovaSeq 6000 high-throughput sequencing technology to conduct transcriptome sequencing on the fruits of 'Ningqi No.1' and 'Ningqi No.7' during the green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage. Subsequently, we compared the profiles of related gene expression in the fruits of the two varieties at different development stages. The results showed that a total of 811 818 178 clean reads were obtained, resulting in 121.76 Gb of valid data. There were 2 827, 2 552 and 2 311 DEGs obtained during the green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage of 'Ningqi No. 1' and 'Ningqi No. 7', respectively, among which 2 153, 2 050 and 1 825 genes were annotated in six databases, including gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and clusters of orthologous groups of proteins (KOG). In GO database, 1 307, 865 and 624 DEGs of green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage were found to be enriched in biological processes, cell components and molecular functions, respectively. In the KEGG database, the DEGs at three developmental stages were mainly concentrated in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and plant-pathogen interaction. In KOG database, 1 775, 1 751 and 1 541 DEGs were annotated at three developmental stages, respectively. Searching the annotated genes against the PubMed database revealed 18, 26 and 24 DEGs related to the synthesis of active ingredients were mined at the green fruit stage, color turning stage and maturity stage, respectively. These genes are involved in carotenoid, flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, vitamin metabolic pathways, etc. Seven DEGs were verified by RT-qPCR, which showed consistent results with transcriptome sequencing. This study provides preliminary evidences for the differences in the content of active ingredients in different Lycium barbarum L. varieties from the transcriptional level. These evidences may facilitate further exploring the key genes for active ingredients biosynthesis in Lycium barbarum L. and analyzing their expression regulation mechanism.
Flavonoids/metabolism* ; Fruit/genetics* ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Lycium/metabolism* ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Transcriptome

Objective:To investigate the expression level and clinical value of serum miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods:The clinical data of 152 patients with AP admitted to Danzhou people's Hospital from January 2017 to September 2020 were selected. According to the severity of their illness, they were divided into MAP group ( n=70), MSAP group ( n=40), and SAP group ( n=42). The SAP group was divided into survival group ( n=25) and death group ( n=17) according to the prognosis of the patients. Another 50 healthy people were selected as the control group. Fastening venous blood was collected on the day of onset, and the expression levels of serum miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p in each group were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. The expression levels of serum miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p were analyzed to evaluate the prognosis of SAP. The correlation between serum miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p expression levels in SAP patients was analyzed by Pearson method. Results:The expression levels of serum miR-148a-3p (3.18±1.27 vs 0.96±0.28) and miR-551b-5p (1.94±0.85 vs 0.51±0.12) in AP group were significantly higher than those in control group ( P<0.001). The expression levels of serum miR-148a-3p (4.36±1.70 vs 2.84±1.10, 2.50±0.92) and miR-551b-5p (2.80±1.04 vs 1.68±0.53, 1.42±0.45) in SAP group were significantly higher than those in MSAP group and MAP group ( P<0.001). The expression levels of serum miR-148a-3p (5.30±1.95 vs 3.47±1.40) and miR-551b-5p (3.62±1.37 vs 2.08±0.91) in death group were significantly higher than those in survival group ( P<0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of the combination of miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5 in judging the prognosis of SAP was significantly higher than that of the single index of miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5[0.943(95% CI0.886-0.997) vs 0.860(95% CI0.797-0.924), 0.822(95% CI0.795-0.880)], with a sensitivity of 98.3% and specificity of 84.6%. Correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlation between the expression level of serum miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p in SAP patients ( r=0.835, P<0.001). Conclusions:The expression levels of miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p in serum of AP patients were significantly increased, and the combined detection of miR-148a-3p and miR-551b-5p had a good value in judging the prognosis of SAP.