OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of different melatonin treatment regimens on long-term behavior and white matter damage in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), and to seek an optimal melatonin treatment regimen. METHODS: Healthy Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7 days, were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operation, HIBD, single-dose immediate treatment (SDIT), and 7-day continuous treatment (7DCT), with 8 rats in each group. A neonatal rat model of HIBD was prepared according to the classical Rice-Vannucci method. On day 21 after HIBD, the Morris water maze test was used to evaluate spatial learning and memory abilities. On day 70 after HIBD, immunofluorescence assay was used to measure the expression of neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampal CA1 region of neonatal rats, and double-label immunofluorescence was used to measure the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilament 200 (NF200) in the corpus striatum and the corpus callosum. RESULTS: The results of the Morris water maze test showed that the SDIT and 7DCT groups had a significantly shorter mean escape latency than the HIBD group, and the 7DCT group had a significantly shorter mean escape latency than the SDIT group ( CONCLUSIONS Both SDIT and 7DCT can improve long-term behavior and reduce white matter damage in neonatal rats with HIBD, and 7DCT is more effective than SDIT.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/drug therapy* ; Melatonin/pharmacology* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; White Matter

Objective: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glycemic indices, including plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population. Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study. A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment. The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models. Results: A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis. Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels, but with different inflection points in men and women. The thresholds for FPG, 2h-PG, and HbA1c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L, 11.0/14.0 mmol/L, and 6.1/6.5, respectively (SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices). Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes, while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.
Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/blood* ; Female ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis* ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Uric Acid/blood*

A new isoquinoline alkaloid(1) has been isolated from the whole plant of Thalictrum glandulosissimum by using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, sephadex, MCI-gel resin, and RP-HPLC, and its structure was determined as 1-(6-hydroxy-7-methylisoquinolin-1-yl) ethantone by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data. This compound was evaluated for anti-tobacco mosaic virus(TMV) activity. The results showed that it had prominent anti-TMV activity with inhibition rates of 28.4%. This rate was closed to that of positive control.
Alkaloids ; Antiviral Agents ; Isoquinolines ; Thalictrum ; Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Objective: Several COVID-19 patients have overlapping comorbidities. The independent role of each component contributing to the risk of COVID-19 is unknown, and how some non-cardiometabolic comorbidities affect the risk of COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective follow-up design was adopted. A total of 1,160 laboratory-confirmed patients were enrolled from nine provinces in China. Data on comorbidities were obtained from the patients' medical records. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio ( Results: Overall, 158 (13.6%) patients were diagnosed with severe illness and 32 (2.7%) had unfavorable outcomes. Hypertension (2.87, 1.30-6.32), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (3.57, 2.32-5.49), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (3.78, 1.81-7.89), fatty liver disease (7.53, 1.96-28.96), hyperlipidemia (2.15, 1.26-3.67), other lung diseases (6.00, 3.01-11.96), and electrolyte imbalance (10.40, 3.00-26.10) were independently linked to increased odds of being severely ill. T2DM (6.07, 2.89-12.75), CVD (8.47, 6.03-11.89), and electrolyte imbalance (19.44, 11.47-32.96) were also strong predictors of unfavorable outcomes. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease on admission (5.46, 3.25-9.19), while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes (6.58, 1.46-29.64) within two weeks. Conclusion Besides hypertension, diabetes, and CVD, fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, other lung diseases, and electrolyte imbalance were independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity and poor treatment outcome. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease, while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes.
Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/virology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome

A new isobenzoisofuran(1) has been isolated from the whole plant of Cassia pumila using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex, MCI-gel resin, and RP-HPLC, and its structure was determined as 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-2H-furo[3,4-g]chromen-6(8H)-one. This compound was also evaluated for its antibacterial activity. The results showed that it had prominent antibacterial activity with MIC_(90) value of(45.2±4.2) μg·mL~(-1) for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strain. This value was closed to that of levofloxacin [with MIC_(90) value(48.5±4.3) μg·mL~(-1)].
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Benzofurans/pharmacology* ; Cassia/chemistry* ; Levofloxacin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects* ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Phytochemicals/pharmacology* ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry*

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of ferulic acid on PC12 cells injured by H₂O₂ and the molecular mechanisms. Method:The oxidative stress model was established by treating PC12 cells with H₂O₂, and then different dosages of ferulic acid (1, 10, 100 μmol·L^-1) were used for intervention. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cell viability,lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdelyde (MDA) in cell supernatant, and superoxidedismutase (SOD) in cells was tested by biochemical method respectively. Insulin-like growth factors-1 (IGF-1) mRNA and protein expressions were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) and Western blot. Result:The 24 h intervention with different dosages of ferulic acid (1, 10, 100 μmol·L^-1) could significantly improve the oxidative damage of PC12 cells induced by H₂O₂, compared with the model group, ferulic acid at 1,10,100 μmol·L^-1 significantly increased PC12 cells viability,significantly decreased LDH and MDA content in cell supernatant (P<0.05, P<0.01), and enhanced SOD activity(P<0.01). Real-time PCR and Western blot showed that compared with control group,IGF-1 mRNA and protein expressions in model group decreased significantly (P<0.01), compared with model group, IGF-1 mRNA and protein expressions in ferulic acid group increased significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion:Ferulic acid exerts a protective effect on H₂O₂-inducing PC12 cells injury,which might be related to insulin signaling pathways.

A new flavone( 1) has been isolated from the whole plant of Cassia nomame by using various chromatographic techniques,including silica gel,Sephadex,MCI-gel resin,and RP-HPLC,and its structure was determined as 8,4'-dimethoxy-7-( 2-oxopropyl)-flavone based on spectroscopic data. The biological activity test showed that this compound displayed potent cytotoxicity against NB4,SH-SY5 Y,PC3,A549 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC₅₀ values 2. 2,1. 8,3. 4,4. 5 and 1. 6 μmol·L^-1,respectively.
Cassia ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavones ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Senna Plant

BACKGROUND: Exosomes have the function of some mesenchymal stem cells. Understanding the substance composition that plays a representative role in mesenchymal stem cell exosomes will provide clues for further exploration of synthetic exosome analogues. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the difference of microRNA expression profiles in exosomes derived from passage 2 and 5 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs). METHODS: Exosomes in the supernatant of passage 2 and 5 hUC-MSCs were extracted by ultra-high speed centrifugation. The established library was sequenced by using high-throughput sequencing technology. Then we analyzed the sequence results so as to understand the microRNA expression between different groups, and finally did a cluster analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 427 657 kinds of microRNAs were detected in the exosomes from passage 2 hUC-MSCs, accounting for 68.93% of the total microRNAs detected; and 119283 microRNAs were detected in the exosomes from passage 5 hUC-MSCs, accounting for 19.22% of the total microRNAs detected. There were 73 526 microRNAs shared between the exosomes from passage 2 and passage 5 hUC-MSCs, accounting for 11.85% of the total microRNAs detected. Bioinformatics analysis (cluster analysis) results showed that these miRNAs were likely to be involved in 161 biological processes, including cell repair, immune and anti-aging. The microRNAs in exosomes from passage 2 to passage 5 hUC-MSCs were largely different. Partial miRNAs exhibited significantly reduced copy numbers. The top five microRNAs with a higher amount, including has-miR-146a-5p, has-miR-191-5p, has-miR-493-3p, has-miR-423-5p, and has-miR-134-5p, have the potential to be the component of synthetic exosome analogues.

Objective To analyze the subjective well-being of the aged and to explore its influencing factors in Hangzhou City to provide evidence for improving the subjective well-being of the aged. Method A total of 60 years old and above healthy people in Hangzhou were selected as research objects. Stratified random sampling was used according to age and gender. Face to face interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The content of the interview included subjective well-being,behavioral habits,and demographics. Statistical methods contains Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Spearman rank correlation. Logistic regression was used to select influencing factors of subjective well-being. Results A total of 429 samples were used in the analysis according to inclusion and exclusion criterion. The mean score of subjective well-being was 14.0±2.0,and the result of logistic regression shows that gender,marriage status,the number of people living together,whether experienced negative life events,the number of people that can provide information were important factors of subjective well-being. Conclusions The level of subjective well-being of elderly people in Hangzhou was high. The government and society should improve SWB among the aged by providing more psychological guidance and more social support.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to assess the status of successful aging (SA) in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old.

METHODSA total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with SA.

RESULTSThe prevalence of SA was 38.81% in the CLHLS in 2012. There were significant differences between ages groups, with SA compromising 56.85% among ⋝65 years group and 20.31% among ⋝100 years group (χ2trend=126.73, P<0.01). The prevalence of SA among females was 33.59%, which was significantly lower than that among males (45.58%) (χ2gender=33.65, P<0.05). In the regression analysis, having anemia (OR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.609-0.910), poor lifestyle (OR=0.697, 95% CI: 0.568-0.854), poor sleep quality (OR=0.558, 95% CI: 0.456-0.682), and central obesity (OR=0.684, 95% CI: 0.556-0.841) were the main factors associated with SA. The promoting SA rate decreased as age increased, and the group of 65-79 years had higher odds than the other age group.

CONCLUSIONPreventing central obesity, improving sleep quality and promoting healthy lifestyle may contribute to achieve SA among the elderly.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Anemia ; epidemiology ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Life Style ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; etiology