AIM To evaluate the quality of Beidougen Formula Granules.METHODS Fifteen batches of standard decoctions and three batches of formula granules were prepared,after which paste rate and contents,transfer rates of magnoflorine,daurisoline,dauricine were determined.HPLC specific chromatograms were established,and cluster analysis was adopted in chemical pattern recognition.RESULTS For three batches of formula granules,the paste rates were 15.1%-16.6%,the contents of magnoflorine,daurisoline,dauricine were 18.93-19.39,9.42-9.60,6.79-6.85 mg/g with the transfer rates of 34.42%-35.25%,43.81%-44.65%,27.27%-27.51%from decoction pieces to formula granules,respectively,and there were seven characteristic peaks in the specific chromatograms with the similarities of more than 0.95,which demonstrated good consistence with those of standard decoctions and accorded with related limit requirements.Fifteen batches of standard decoctions were clustered into two types,and the medicinal materials produced from Jilin,Hebei,Shangdong could be used for the preparation of formula granules.CONCLUSION This reasonable and reliable method can provide references for the quality control and clinical application of Beidougen Formula Granules.

Aim To investigate the effect of recombi-nant glycoprotein hormone β5/α2(rCGH)on lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,and explore the underlying mechanism.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured and induced to differentiate into mature adipo-cytes,then treated with different concentrations of rCGH for 24 h in vitro.Cell viability of 3T3-L1 adipo-cytes was evaluated by CCK-8 assay,the levels of in-tracellular triglyceride(TG)and glycerol in the culture supernatant were measured by enzymatic method,and the changes of lipid droplets were observed by oil red O staining.The expression levels of HSL and ATGL lipo-lytic proteins in adipocytes were detected by Western blot.To carry out the intervention experiment with dif-ferent concentrations of rCGH with or without the PKA inhibitor,H89,on the mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes,the cultured cells were divided into the control group,H89 pre treatment group,1 μmol·L-1 rCGH group,and(1 μmol·L-1 rCGH+H89)combined intervention group.The contents of intracellular TG and free glycer-ol were measured by enzymatic method,and the ex-pression of CREB and lipolysis-related proteins was de-tected using Western blot.Results Different concen-trations of rCGH(0.25,0.5,1,and 2 μmol·L-1)had no significant effect on the cell viability of adipo-cytes(P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,the treatment with rCGH significantly decreased the size of lipid droplets and intracellular TG content,while significantly elevated glycerol concentration in cell supernatant.rCGH treatment also stimulated the protein expression of p-HSL,ATGL,and p-PKA.In addition,the addition of a PKA inhibitor,H89,atten-uated the effects of rCGH on free glycerol level,intra-cellular TG content,and the expression of p-HSL,p-PLIN1,and p-CREB.Conclusions rCGH enhances the lipolysis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes by up-regulating the activities of HSL,ATGL and PKA,promoting glycerol release,inhibiting TG synthesis and lipid accumula-tion,and its mechanism of action is related to the acti-vation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults and is poorly controlled. Previous studies have shown that both macrophages and angiogenesis play significant roles in GBM progression, and co-targeting of CSF1R and VEGFR is likely to be an effective strategy for GBM treatment. Therefore, this study developed a novel and selective inhibitor of CSF1R and VEGFR, SYHA1813, possessing potent antitumor activity against GBM. SYHA1813 inhibited VEGFR and CSF1R kinase activities with high potency and selectivity and thus blocked the cell viability of HUVECs and macrophages and exhibited anti-angiogenetic effects both in vitro and in vivo. SYHA1813 also displayed potent in vivo antitumor activity against GBM in immune-competent and immune-deficient mouse models, including temozolomide (TMZ) insensitive tumors. Notably, SYHA1813 could penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and prolong the survival time of mice bearing intracranial GBM xenografts. Moreover, SYHA1813 treatment resulted in a synergistic antitumor efficacy in combination with the PD-1 antibody. As a clinical proof of concept, SYHA1813 achieved confirmed responses in patients with recurrent GBM in an ongoing first-in-human phase I trial. The data of this study support the rationale for an ongoing phase I clinical study (ChiCTR2100045380).

Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Smell ; COVID-19/complications* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Incidence ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology* ; Taste Disorders/etiology* ; Prognosis

Objective: Several COVID-19 patients have overlapping comorbidities. The independent role of each component contributing to the risk of COVID-19 is unknown, and how some non-cardiometabolic comorbidities affect the risk of COVID-19 remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective follow-up design was adopted. A total of 1,160 laboratory-confirmed patients were enrolled from nine provinces in China. Data on comorbidities were obtained from the patients' medical records. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio ( Results: Overall, 158 (13.6%) patients were diagnosed with severe illness and 32 (2.7%) had unfavorable outcomes. Hypertension (2.87, 1.30-6.32), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) (3.57, 2.32-5.49), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (3.78, 1.81-7.89), fatty liver disease (7.53, 1.96-28.96), hyperlipidemia (2.15, 1.26-3.67), other lung diseases (6.00, 3.01-11.96), and electrolyte imbalance (10.40, 3.00-26.10) were independently linked to increased odds of being severely ill. T2DM (6.07, 2.89-12.75), CVD (8.47, 6.03-11.89), and electrolyte imbalance (19.44, 11.47-32.96) were also strong predictors of unfavorable outcomes. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease on admission (5.46, 3.25-9.19), while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes (6.58, 1.46-29.64) within two weeks. Conclusion Besides hypertension, diabetes, and CVD, fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, other lung diseases, and electrolyte imbalance were independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity and poor treatment outcome. Women with comorbidities were more likely to have severe disease, while men with comorbidities were more likely to have unfavorable treatment outcomes.
Adult ; Aged ; COVID-19/virology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To obtain the genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory specimens in Guangdong Province with next-generation sequencing (NGS) and analyze the factors influencing sequencing.Methods:Eight upper and lower respiratory tract specimens were collected from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Guangdong Province in January 2020. RNA library construction was used to obtain the genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2. A bio-informatics software package (CLC Genomics Workbench 12.0) was used to analyze and compare the genomic sequences.Results:Five SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences were obtained from the eight specimens and two were obtained from lower respiratory tract specimens. The nucleotide homology to SARS-CoV-2 was 97.74%-99.90%. The Ct values were lower, while the sequencing depth, coverage, relative abundance and genome integrity were higher in sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 in lower respiratory tract specimens.Conclusions:The low Ct value of SARS-CoV-2 in the samples was good for sequencing.

Child ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; pathology ; Lymphedema ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Noonan Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics

BACKGROUND: Hook plate is usual and satisfactory for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation, but there are still many problems. The comparative analysis is seldom reported between reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament by autogenous tendon combined with hook plate and simple hook plate. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament combined with hook plate and simple hook plate fixation for acromioclavicular joint dislocation. METHODS: A total of 38 patients with acromioclavicular dislocation were randomly divided into two groups. The patients were treated with plantar tendon "V" reconstruction with coracoclavicular ligament combined with hook plate fixation (combination group) and with a simple hook plate fixation (simple hook plate group). We compared the operation time, blood loss, hospitalization days, average hospitalization costs, the time taken for internal fixation, the motion range of shoulder joint at postoperative 12 months, the Constant-Murley function score, the reduction of shoulder joint and the Visual Analogue Scale scores between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Patients in both groups were followed up for 12 months. In the combination group, the hook plate was removed at postoperative 3 months. In the simple hook plate group, the hook plate was removed at approximately postoperative 12 months. In follow-up, no dislocation appeared in both groups. (2) No significant difference in hospitalization days, motion range of shoulder joint, Constant-Murley function score, the reduction of shoulder joint and the Visual Analogue Scale scores was determined between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) Operation time was longer; blood loss was more; and average hospitalization costs were higher in the combination group than in the simple hook plate group (P < 0.05). (4) These findings indicate that plantar tendon reconstruction of coracoclavicular ligament combined with hook plate meets biomechanical requirements in the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation. The plate can be removed early using a fixator. The lower extremity has an incision, but the follow-up results are satisfactory. Simple hook plate fixation for acromioclavicular joint dislocation takes a long time, and can obtain average effect, but there is the risk of re-dislocation (this case does not experience re-dislocation). The appropriate treatment can be chosen according to the patient's condition, needs, and economic conditions.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to establish whether cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) gene polymorphisms are associated with premature triple-vessel disease (PTVD). METHODS: Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1063192, rs10757274, rs1333042, rs1333049, rs2285327, rs3217986, rs3217992, rs4977574, and rs9632884) were genotyped in 884 PTVD patients and 907 control subjects (males ⪕ 50 years old and females ⪕ 60 years old) using the improved multiplex ligase detection reaction method. RESULTS: The allele frequencies of rs10757274 G, rs1333049 C, rs4977574 G (all P < 0.001), and rs3217986 G (P = 0.040) were significantly higher in the PTVD group than in the control group, but those of rs1063192 A, rs1333042 G, and rs9632884 C (all P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the former than in the latter. Logistic regression analysis revealed that homozygote AA of rs1333042 is associated with decreased risk for PTVD (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22-0.82, P = 0.011). In addition, the allele frequencies observed differed between genders. The G allele of rs3217986 was associated with increased risk for PTVD in male patients only (OR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.27-6.80, P = 0.012) in the dominant model, and no positively mutated allele was found in female patients. CONCLUSION Polymorphisms of the CDKN2B-AS1 gene are associated with the incidence of PTVD in the Chinese population. Furthermore, the frequencies of mutated alleles differed between genders.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Coronary Artery Disease ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA, Antisense ; genetics ; Sex Factors

Background: Prospective real-life data on the safety and effectiveness of rituximab in Chinese patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) or follicular lymphoma (FL) are limited. This real-world study aimed to evaluate long-term safety and effectiveness outcomes of rituximab plus chemotherapy (R-chemo) as first-line treatment in Chinese patients with DLBCL or FL. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation management was also investigated. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, single-arm, noninterventional study of previously untreated CD20-positive DLBCL or FL patients receiving first-line R-chemo treatment at 24 centers in China was conducted between January 17, 2011 and October 31, 2016. Enrolled patients underwent safety and effectiveness assessments after the last rituximab dose and were followed up for 3 years. Effectiveness endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Safety endpoints were adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, drug-related AEs, and AEs of special interest. We also reported data on the incidence of HBV reactivation. Results: In total, 283 previously untreated CD20-positive DLBCL and 31 FL patients from 24 centers were enrolled. Three-year PFS was 59% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50-67%) for DLBCL patients and 46% (95% CI: 20-69%) for FL patients. For DLBCL patients, multivariate analyses showed that PFS was not associated with international prognostic index, tumor maximum diameter, HBV infection status, or number of rituximab treatment cycles, and OS was only associated with age >60 years (P < 0.05). R-chemo was well tolerated. The incidence of HBV reactivation in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and HBsAg-negative/hepatitis B core antibody-positive patients was 13% (3/24) and 4% (3/69), respectively. Conclusions: R-chemo is effective and safe in real-world clinical practice as first-line treatment for DLBCL and FL in China, and that HBV reactivation during R-chemo is manageable with preventive measures and treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01340443; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01340443.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; China ; Cyclophosphamide ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; drug therapy ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Rituximab ; therapeutic use ; Vincristine ; administration & dosage