Objective: To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitoring counties of China s Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program, so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas. Methods: In November 2022, a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data, basic personal and family information of 7 949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in depth monitoring counties (Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia, Jinzhai County in Anhui, Mao Xian in Sichuan, Tiandeng County in Guangxi, Mian County in Shaanxi, Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian), and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self assessment questionnaire on depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, as well as their related factors. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitored counties was 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students, middle school students, students whose video screen duration per day was >2 h, and students whose parents marital status was divorced or widowed ( OR =1.40, 1.64, 1.60, 1.24), and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard, whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and ≥120 min, and students whose mothers literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms ( OR =0.85, 0.84, 0.71, 0.76) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in depth monitoring area is high, and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of tooth loss in people aged 50 and above, so as to understand their oral health status and provide scientific evidences for promoting oral health of middle-aged and elderly people. MethodsA total of 400 patients who visited the department of stomatology at Sijing Hospital in Songjiang District of Shanghai were performed oral health examinations and their information was collected according to the national epidemiological survey standards for oral health. ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in tooth loss among people aged 50 and above with different ages, educational levels, occupations, types of medical insurance and chronic diseases (P<0.05), but gender and monthly income had no statistically significant correlations with tooth loss (P>0.05). Among lifestyle factors, smoking, alcohol consumption and tea drinking had no statistically significant impacts on the number of remaining teeth (P>0.05), but toothbrushing frequency, flossing frequency, toothpick use frequency, toothbrush replacement frequency, and tooth loosening were statistically associated with the number of remaining teeth (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that a total of 7 related factors including age, educational level, occupation, medical payment type, chronic disease, tooth loosening and toothpick use frequency were significantly associated with the number level of remaining teeth in individuals aged 50 and above. ConclusionAge, chronic disease, and tooth loosening were influencing factors affecting the number of teeth left in people aged 50 and above. It is recommended to strengthen oral health education and improve healthcare awareness to reduce the risk of tooth loss in people aged 50 and above.

Objective: To analyze the features of unhealthy lifestyle patterns among primary and secondary school students in the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students (NIPRCES) areas in China in 2021 and 2023, so as to provide data support for lifestyle promotion and healthy development among primary and secondary school students. Methods: Adopting a cluster random sampling method, data on primary and secondary students aged 7-15 years from nutrition and health surveillance of China NIPRCES in 2021 and 2023 were collected. The prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among primary and secondary students such as physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, excessive screen time, and sleep deprivation by gender, school section, urban/rural, and region were analyzed. The reporting rates of the above indicators among primary and secondary students were compared by Chi-square test. Results: In 2021 and 2023, the rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity among primary and secondary school students were 79.2% and 80.4%, the rates of outdoor inactivity were 42.8% and 49.3%, the rates of excessive video time were 2.6% and 2.9%, the rates of sleep deprivation were 32.9% and 22.6%, and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=51.86,1 071.48,18.36,3 296.99, P <0.05). In 2023, the rate of outdoor inactivity for primary and secondary students increased by 6.5 percentage points compared with 2021, and the rate of sleep deprivation decreased by 10.3 percentage points compared with that in 2021. In 2021 and 2023, the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and sleep deprivation among girls and junior high school students were higher than those among boys ( χ 2=174.41,180.11; 175.75, 85.46 ;92.22,151.35) and elementary school students ( χ 2=136.64,5.75; 40.55,4.71;162.80,3 291.61); the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity( χ 2=194.43,118.60) and sleep deprivation ( χ 2=969.66,983.72) among urban students were higher than those among rural students; the reporting rates of excessive video time for boys and junior high school students were higher than those for girls ( χ 2=103.62,84.85) and elementary school students ( χ 2=810.09,626.51)( P <0.05). From a regional distribution perspective, the reporting rates of moderato to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and excessive video time among primary and seconday school students in the central and western regions were lower than those in the eastern region ( χ 2= 663.44,302.78; 356.97,82.10;50.89,81.83) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyles remain prevalent among primary and secondary students in NIPRCES areas of China. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy implementation for promoting healthy lifestyles among primary and secondary school students.

Objective To make an epidemiological investigation on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)dampness syndrome manifestations in the population at risk of cerebrovascular diseases in Guangdong area.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the clinical data related to the risk of cerebrovascular diseases in 330 Guangdong permanent residents.The diagnosis of dampness syndrome,quantitative scoring of dampness syndrome and rating of the risk of stroke were performed for the investigation of the distribution pattern of dampness syndrome and its influencing factors.Results(1)A total of 306(92.73%)study subjects were diagnosed as dampness syndrome.The percentage of dampness syndrome in the risk group was 93.82%(258/275),which was slightly higher than that of the healthy group(48/55,87.27%),but the difference was not statistically significant(χ2 = 2.91,P = 0.112).The quantitative score of dampness syndrome in the risk group was higher than that of the healthy group,and the difference was statistically significance(Z =-2.24,P = 0.025).(2)Among the study subjects at risk of cerebrovascular disease,evaluation time(χ2 = 26.11,P = 0.001),stroke risk grading(χ2= 8.85,P = 0.031),and history of stroke or transient ischemic attack(TIA)(χ2 = 9.28,P = 0.015)were the factors influencing the grading of dampness syndrome in the population at risk of cerebrovascular disease.Conclusion Dampness syndrome is the common TCM syndrome in the population of Guangdong area.The manifestations of dampness syndrome are more obvious in the population with risk factors of cerebrovascular disease,especially in the population at high risk of stroke,and in the population with a history of stroke or TIA.The assessment and intervention of dampness syndrome should be taken into account for future project of stroke prevention in Guangdong.

Objective To explore the effect of scutellarin on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)induced neuroinflammation in BV-2 microglia cells.Methods BV-2 microglia were cultured and randomly divided into 6 groups:control group(Ctrl),cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase(cGAS)inhibitor RU320521 group(RU.521 group),LPS group,LPS+RU.521 group,LPS+scutellarin pretreatment group(LPS+S)and LPS+S+RU.521 group.The expressions of cGAS,stimulator of interferon gene(STING),nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB),phosphorylated NF-κB(p-NF-κB),neuroinflammatory factors PYD domains-containing protein 3(NLRP3)and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)in BV-2 microglia were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining(n= 3).Results Western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining showed that compared with the control group,the expression of cGAS,STING,p-NF-κB,NLRP3 and TNF-α in BV-2 microglia increased significantly after LPS induction(P<0.05),while the expression of cGAS,STING,p-NF-κB,NLRP3 and TNF-α in LPS+S group were significantly lower than those in LPS group(P<0.05).Treatment with cGAS pathway inhibitor RU.521 showed similar effects as the pre-treatment group with scutellarin.In addition,the change of NF-κB in each group was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Scutellarin inhibits the neuroinflammation mediated by BV-2 microglia cells,which may be related to cGAS-STING signaling pathway.

Objective We aimed to explore the therapeutic mechanism of electroacupuncture at Yintang(EX-HN3),Neiguan(PC6)and Zusanli(ST36)on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis(HPA)of functional dyspepsia(FD)rats.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group and EA group.The FD model was replicated by tail clamping,irregular diet,and filling the stomach with ice of Saline Solution.After modeling,the EA group received acupuncture treatment for 1 time day,30 minutes time,for 14 days.Recording the general state of the rat.Detection of locomotion and catatonia in rats by open field test.HE staining to observe the morphology and inflammation of gastric mucosa in rats.PCR detection of mRNA expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor and corticotropin-releasing hormone in rat hypothalamus.Detection of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor-2 and NOD-like receptor protein 6 inflammasome protein expression in rat duodenum by Western blotting.Alcian blue staining was used to detect the expression of rat duodenum goblet cells.Results Compared with the blank group,the general state,distance,speed,duodenum CRHR2 and NLRP6 proteins in the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the hypothalamic 5-HT3R and CRH mRNA were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the general state,distance,speed,expression of CRHR2,NLRP6 protein and goblet cells in the duodenum of rats in the EA group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the 5-HT3R and CRH mRNA in the hypothalamus were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In the model group,the connective tissue of the gastric mucosa was loosely arranged,the submucosa had mild edema,and there were some lymphocytes.The connective tissue of the gastric mucosa of the rats in the blank group and the electroacupuncture group was closely arranged,and there was no obvious proliferation of interstitial cells and no inflammatory cells.Conclusion EA can increase the expression of CRHR2,NLRP6 protein and goblet cells in the duodenum,and inhibit the expression of 5-HT3R and CRH in the hypothalamus.EA can improve gastrointestinal motility and locomotion,relieve anxiety,repair the mucosal barrier of the defective intestine,and restore the function of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of Embosphere microsphere in the treatment of massive hemoptysis during bronchial arterial embolization(BAE).To analyze the factors influencing the recurrence by Cox regression model.Methods Ninety patients with massive hemoptysis who underwent BAE using Embosphere microsphere were included.The immediate hemo-stasis rate within 24 hours,clinical success rate and prognostic factors were statistically analyzed.Results The immediate hemosta-sis rate within 24 hours was 94.4％(85/90).The clinical success rate was 56.7％(51/90).Cumulative hemoptysis-free recurrence con-trol rates at 6 months,1 year and 2 years postoperative were 81％,78％and 57％,respectively.Cox regression model analysis showed that the variables associated with recurrence were long-term hemoptysis,lung cancer,tuberculosis and lung destruction.Conclusion Embosphere microsphere are safe and effective embolic particles in the treatment of massive hemoptysis during BAE.Risk factors for hemoptysis recurrence include long-term hemoptysis,lung cancer,tuberculosis and lung destruction.

Objective:To compare the dynamic changes of transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtCO 2) and treatment effect of non-invasive intermittent nebulization and non-invasive simultaneous nebulization in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods:This was a randomized parallel controlled trial study. A total of 70 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD in Changzhou First People′s Hospital from October 2021 to September 2022 were selected by convenience sampling method, and divided into control group and experimental group by randomized digits table method with 35 cases in each group. The control group was given non-invasive intermittent oxygen-driven nebulization, and the experimental group was given non-invasive simultaneous oxygen-driven nebulization. The PtCO 2 values at 0, 5, 10, 15 min (the end point of atomization) of the 2 groups were observed, the daily arterial blood gas analysis indexes (mainly including PaCO 2, PaO 2 and pH) were recorded, and the clinical pulmonary infection score and the self-assessment score of COPD patients were recorded before treatment, on the 4th and 7th day of treatment. Results:Finally, 33 patients were included in both the control group and the experimental group. There were 25 males and 8 females in the control group, aged (75.33 ± 8.24) years old. There were 25 males and 8 females in the experimental group, aged (72.39 ± 8.56) years old. The PtCO 2 values at 0, 5, 10, 15 min in the control group were (63.83 ± 12.47), (64.40 ± 12.57), (65.42 ± 13.77), (66.62 ± 14.59) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). There were statistically significant differences in PtCO 2 at all time points ( F=8.05, P<0.01). Further pairwise comparison by Sidak method showed that there were statistically significant differences in PtCO 2 at 15 min compared with 0, 5, 10 min (all P<0.05). The PtCO 2 values at 0, 5, 10, 15 min in the experimental group were (67.62 ± 11.89), (67.15 ± 12.12), (67.82 ± 12.22), (68.15 ± 12.09) mmHg. There was no statistically significant difference in PtCO 2 at all time points ( F=2.00, P>0.05). The PaCO 2 and pH value of the two groups were improved with the treatment time, the control group had a statistically significant difference on the 4th day of treatment compared with before treatment ( P<0.05), while the experimental group on the second day of treatment compared with before treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Both kinds of nebulization have achieved good therapeutic effects, but non-invasive simultaneous nebulization can better maintain the stability of PtCO 2 in the process of nebulization with higher safety, and can improve the arterial blood gas index PaCO 2 and pH value of patients earlier, which is a more suitable nebulization method for the combination of non-invasive ventilation and nebulization, especially for patients with hypercapnia.

BACKGROUND:Red light therapy has the non-invasive and cost-effective characteristics,and is widely used in various acute and chronic pains in clinic.However,currently,the phototherapy equipment used in clinic is expensive and has certain site limitations,so it is necessary to explore more convenient and economical phototherapy applications. OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of a self-developed photon cervical vertebra massage instrument for chronic neck pain. METHODS:From November 2022 to February 2023,24 patients with chronic neck pain were recruited from the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,including 18 females and 6 males,with a mean age of(29.67±6.40)years.The body mass index was(21.39±3.52)kg/m2.Photon cervical vertebra massage instrument was used twice a day for 20 minutes each time for four weeks.The changes in visual analog scale score,pressure pain threshold,neck active activity,neck disability index,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were observed before,after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with before treatment,after four weeks of treatment,visual analog scale score,pressure pain threshold,neck disability index,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were all improved(P<0.05),while some cervical motion(extension,left and right rotation)improved(P<0.05)after 4 weeks of treatment.(2)Bilateral visual analog scale scores,left trapezius muscle pressure pain threshold,C5C6 pressure pain threshold,and neck disability index improved after 2 weeks of treatment(P<0.05).(3)It is indicated that the application of photon cervical vertebra massage instrument can improve the pain score,muscle tenderness,sleep quality,functional level,and partial active activity of patients with chronic neck pain in a short period,and is a convenient,effective,and safe treatment method.

Endometriosis is a common chronic gynecological disease with endometrial cell implantation outside the uterus.Angiogenesis is a major pathophysiology in endometriosis.Our previous studies have demon-strated that the prodrug of epigallocatechin gallate(ProEGCG)exhibits superior anti-endometriotic and anti-angiogenic effects compared to epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG).However,their direct binding targets and underlying mechanisms for the differential effects remain unknown.In this study,we demonstrated that oral ProEGCG can be effective in preventing and treating endometriosis.Additionally,1D and 2D Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration assay-based chemical proteomics identified metadherin(MTDH)and PX domain containing serine/threonine kinase-like(PXK)as novel binding targets of EGCG and ProEGCG,respectively.Computational simulation and BioLayer interferometry were used to confirm their binding affinity.Our results showed that MTDH-EGCG inhibited protein kinase B(Akt)-mediated angiogenesis,while PXK-ProEGCG inhibited epidermal growth factor(EGF)-mediated angiogenesis via the EGF/hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF-1a)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)pathway.In vitro and in vivo knockdown assays and microvascular network imaging further confirmed the involvement of these signaling pathways.Moreover,our study demonstrated that ProEGCG has superior therapeutic effects than EGCG by targeting distinct signal transduction pathways and may act as a novel anti-angiogenic therapy for endometriosis.