Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of menopausal syndrome among postmenopausal women in Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the basis for guiding the health management of postmenopausal women. Methods: From May 2023 to April 2024, the postmenopausal women aged 40 to 69 years in Pan'an County were selected using the random cluster sampling method. Demographic information, lifestyle and prevalence of gynecological diseases were collected through questionnaire surveys. The prevalence of menopausal syndrome was assessed by modified Kupperman Score Scale. Factors affecting menopausal syndrome were analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 816 postmenopausal women were surveyed, with an mean age of (57.63±2.92) years and a mean natural menopause age of (49.85±2.13) years. There were 574 cases with menopausal syndrome, with a prevalence of 70.34%. Flashes and sweating, insomnia and irritability were common symptoms, accounting for 62.87%, 47.43% and 41.18%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that monthly personal income of ≤5 000 yuan (<3 000 yuan, OR=3.124, 95%CI: 1.829-5.335; 3 000-5 000 yuan, OR=2.399, 95%CI: 1.370-4.201) and having gynecological diseases (OR=1.970, 95%CI: 1.292-3.004) were associated with a higher risk of menopausal syndrome, while average (OR=0.141, 95%CI: 0.072-0.276) or sufficient sleep quality (OR=0.095, 95%CI: 0.049-0.185) were associated with a lower risk of menopausal syndrome. Conclusion The prevalence of menopausal syndrome among postmenopausal women in Pan'an County is relatively high, and is mainly influenced by personal economic status, sleep quality and the presence of gynecological diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect and its mechanism of Guanxinning tablet on carotid atherosclerotic plaque in a rat model.Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group,model group(to construct carot-id atherosclerosis plaque model),Guanxinning groups with low,medium and high dose of Guanxinning tablet(150,300 and 600 mg/kg),atorvastatin group(2 mg/kg),lithiumchloridemonohydrate(LiCl)(Wnt/β-catenin pathway activator)group(15 mg/kg),and Guanxinning plus LiCl group(600 mg/kg Guanxinning tablets+15 mg/kg LiCl),with 12 rats in each group.The intervention began at the third week and was administered once a day for 8 weeks.Olympus Au2700 automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect the level of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL)and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)in rat serum;ELISA was applied to detect the level of monocyte chemotactic protein(MCP-1)and hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)in rat se-rum;the level of oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in rat serum were detected by spectrophotometry;HE staining was applied to find pathological changes in the common carotid artery of rats;Western blot was applied to detect the expression of Wnt3a,matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and β-catenin in rat common carotid artery.Results Compared with the control group,the level of TG,TC,LDL,MCP-1,hs-CRP,ox-LDL,protein expression of MDA,MMP-9,Wnt3a,β-catenin and total plaque area/total arterial area ratio in-creased,the HDL level decreased in model group(P＜0.05);compared with the model group,the level of TG,TC,LDL,MCP-1,hs-CRP,ox-LDL,MDA,expression of MMP-9,Wnt3a,β-catenin protein and total plaque area/total arterial area ratio in the low,medium,and high dose groups of Guanxinning tablets decreased,the HDL level in-creased.The effect of Guanxinning tablets was dose-dependent,and the change trend of corresponding indicators in the LiCl group was opposite to the above(P＜0.05);compared with the high dose group of Guanxinning tablets,the TG,TC,LDL,MCP-1,hs-CRP,ox-LDL,MDA levels,MMP-9,Wnt3a,β-catenin protein expression,and total plaque area/total arterial area ratio in the high dose+LiCl group of Guanxinning tablets increased,the HDL level de-creased(P＜0.05).Conclusions Guanxinning tablet can inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in rats and the mechanismis potentially related to the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Objective To analyze the infectious indicators,HBV s gene mutations and changes in bioinformatics char-acteristics of HBV DNA+/HBsAg-blood donor.Methods A sample of HBV DNA+/HBsAg-was screened by PCR meth-od,and HBsAg/HBsAb/HBeAg/HBeAb/HBcAb of HBV in the sample were detected by ELISA and chemiluminescence methods.The mutation of the HBVs gene fragment in the sample was sequenced and analyzed,and the bioinformatics analy-sis was performed using analysis software.Results The sample showed HBV DNA+,HBsAg-,HBsAb+,HBeAg+,HBe-Ab-and HBcAb+,with an amino acid unit point mutation(P151L)occurred in the HBV s gene,and the spatial structure changed.Conclusion The spatial structural changes in the gene sequence of HBVs may be the reason for the appearance of serological HBsAg-/HBsAb+/HBV DNA+in the test results.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of online pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) management among community-dwelling patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:This study was a single-center randomized controlled trail with an unblinded design. A total of 130 patients with stable COPD who visited Zhuanqiao Community Health Service Center in Shanghai Minhang District from October 2020 to March 2022 were randomly divided into study group and control group with 65 cases in each group. Both groups received conventional treatment, while patients in study group attended online rehabilitation management, including face-to-face rehabilitation instruction and multiple online guidance. Pulmonary ventilation function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1) and percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced expiratoty volume (FEV 1%pred), modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT), score of 6 minutes walking distance (6MWD) and DOSE (dyspnea, degree of airflow obstruction, smoking status, the number of exacerbation) index were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of rehabilitation, and compared between two groups. Results:The baseline data of the two groups were comparable. After 8 weeks of management, FVC, FEV 1, FEV 1%pred, mMRC, CAT, 6MWD and DOSE index of both groups were improved compared with the baseline level(control group: t=-7.799, -7.581, -9.010, 3.565, 9.887, -16.677, 3.795; study group: t=-12.623, -13.914, -17.644, 7.404, 22.457, -26.826, 7.968; all P<0.05). The FEV 1%pred, CAT and 6MWD in the study group were better than those in the control group ( t=-2.939, 2.277,-2.130, all P<0.05); while there were no significant differences in FVC, FEV 1, mMRC and DOSE index between the two groups( t=-0.162, -1.280, 0.925, 1.939,all P>0.05). Conclusions:The online pulmonary rehabilitation management can better improve lung function, dyspnea symptoms and exercise tolerance of patients with stable COPD, which can be used for rehabilitation training and management of community-dwelling patients.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and neurophysiological features of patients with neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) and explore their neurological function status.Methods:Clinical data and neurophysiological findings of 90 patients diagnosed with NA at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital from September 2016 to January 2024 were collected and their clinical phenotypes and neurophysiological characteristics were systematically summarized and analyzed.Results:Among the 90 patients, males accounted for 60.0% (54 cases) and females accounted for 40.0% (36 cases). The duration of the disease was 12 (3, 36) months (ranged from 1 week to 5 years). The onset age of the patients was 58 (30, 70) (21-87) years. Unilateral involvement was noted in 94.4% (85/90) of patients, exhibiting a left-to-right ratio of 1∶1.3, while only 5.6% (5/90) had bilateral involvement. The majority of patients demonstrated a monophasic clinical course with a recurrence rate of just 2.2% (2/90). The primary clinical manifestations included upper limb pain in 70.0% (63/90) of patients, which progressed to muscle weakness and atrophy within 1 day to 1 month, whereas 30.0% (27/90) of patients without significant pain symptoms. Lesions predominantly affected the upper trunk of the brachial plexus, which accounted for 64.4% (58/90) of patients. Distal nerve injuries in the upper limb were observed in 14.4% (13/90) of patients, with 6.7% (6/90) demonstrating isolated anterior interosseous nerve involvement and another 6.7% (6/90) exhibiting isolated posterior interosseous nerve involvement; 1 case had concurrent anterior and posterior interosseous nerve damage. Additionally, 1 case presented with bilateral phrenic nerve involvement, and another patient had isolated posterior tibial nerve injury. Electrophysiological evaluations of patients with NA revealed that axonal damage to motor nerve fibers was a hallmark feature of the condition. Among patients undergoing motor nerve conduction studies, 68.8% (55/80) exhibited decreased compound muscle action potential amplitude, and 31.3% (25/80) had prolonged latency. Sensory nerve conduction was normal in 60.0% (48/80) of patients, while abnormalities included prolonged latency in 15.0% (12/80), reduced amplitude in 12.5% (10/80), slowed conduction velocity in 8.8% (7/80), and absent waveforms in 3.8% (3/80) of patients. The rates of abnormal nerve conduction findings in motor nerves were the highest in the suprascapular nerve (70.6%, 36/51), followed by the axillary nerve (58.3%, 35/60), musculocutaneous nerve (50.7%, 35/69), long thoracic nerve (6/17), and both anterior and posterior interosseous nerves (7.5%, 6/80 each). In sensory nerves, abnormalities were predominantly noted in the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (30.0%, 12/40). Needle electromyography demonstrated neurogenic damage, most frequently affecting the infraspinatus muscle (69.2%, 18/26), biceps brachii (68.1%, 49/72), and deltoid muscle (65.3%, 47/72). The positive rate of magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) for NA was 62.1% (41/66), among which 63.4% (26/41) showed localized swelling of the brachial plexus, 51.2% (21/41) exhibited T 2 hyperintensity, and 4.9% (2/41) demonstrated denervated changes in the muscles. The positive rate of ultrasound for NA was 71.1% (59/83), with 91.5% (54/59) showing nerve swelling and 8.5% (5/59) exhibiting hourglass constriction .Conclusions:NA is a peripheral neuropathy characterized by spontaneous pain, limb weakness, and (or) muscle atrophy primarily. Its clinical phenotype predominantly involves damage to the upper trunk of the brachial plexus, which can also manifest as isolated mononeuropathy. Neurophysiological findings most commonly reveal the neurogenic damage to the muscles innervated by the upper trunk of the brachial plexus, mainly characterized by the axonal damage to the motor nerves, and pure motor nerve damage may also be observed. MRN and neuroultrasound can assist in qualitative diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) caused by SLC1A2 gene mutations. Methods:The clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination results, and genetic testing results of a patient with DEE caused by SLC1A2 gene mutations who was treated at Epilepsy Center, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University on February 6, 2021 were summarized. Cases of SLC1A2 gene mutations were searched using keywords " SLC1A2" and "developmental and epileptic encephalopathy" in CNKI, Wanfang, and PubMed databases, retrieving literature published from the establishment of these databases to September 2024. Bioinformatics analysis was performed; the clinical and genetic characteristics of DEE caused by SLC1A2 gene mutations were summarized. Results:The main manifestations of the patient were rhythmic shaking of the right upper limb or focal motor seizures of bilateral upper limbs, or focal spasm of right upper limb (elevation for once). Ictal electroencephalogram showed 2-3 Hz polymorphic slow waves in the left central area, parietal area and central midline area, affecting the opposite side, or spike rhythm with decreased frequency in the right frontal area, central area and midline area, or polymorphic slow waves in the left central area and central midline area. Whole-exome sequencing indicated a heterozygous de novo mutation in the SLC1A2 gene: c.254T>G/p.Leu85Arg. A total of 7 patients with DEE caused by SLC1A2 gene mutations were retrieved from 5 related literature. All 8 patients (including the patient in our hospital) presented with epileptic seizure, developmental delay, and abnormal EEG; all of them were sporadic cases with de novo heterozygous missense mutations of SLC1A2 gene. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the 4 amino acid residues Gly82, Leu85, Pro289, and Pro333 in the 8 patients were located in the intolerance region of SLC1A2 gene encoding glutamate transporter protein 2 (EAAT2). The 5 amino acid mutations (Leu85Arg, Leu85Pro, Gly82Arg, Pro333Ser, Pro289Arg) in the 8 patients all led to significant changes in number and binding of hydrogen bonds between amino acid residues in EAAT2; except for Gly82Arg mutation, the other 4 mutations could obviously reduce the structural stability of EAAT2. Conclusion:De novo heterozygous missense mutations in SLC1A2 gene can lead to DEE, characterized by developmental delay, EEG abnormalities, and epileptic seizure; these mutations are typically located in critical regions of EAAT2, potentially resulting in reduced protein structural stability.

Objective To study the effect of miR-143-3p on pyroptosis of HCT-116 cells induced by LPS+ATP.Methods The targeting relationship between miR-143-3 p and TLR2 gene was detected by dual luciferase.The pyroptosis model was established after transfection of miR-143-3p mimic.Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,and the activity of Caspase-1 and LDH was detected by biochemical method.The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were detected by ELISA.The mRNA levels of NF-κB,TLR2,NLRP3 and GSDMD were detected by q-PCR.The expression of NLRP3 and ASC was detected by immunofluorescence.The protein expressions of TLR2,GS-DMD,p-NF-κB p65 and cleave Caspase-1 were detected by Western blot.Results Dual luciferase assay showed that miR-143-3p targeted TLR2 expression.The expressions of NF-κB,TLR2,NLRP3,GSDMD mRNA and TLR2,GSDMD,p-NF-κB p65,cleave Caspase-1,ASC,NLRP3 protein in miR-143-3p mimic group and si TLR2 group were lower than those in model group.The activity of Caspase-1 and the content of LDH,IL-1β and IL-18 decreased.Conclusion miR-143-3p regulates pyroptosis of ulcerative colitis cells by targeting TLR2 gene and regulating NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate and analyze factors affecting depressive disorders in elderly stroke patients after rehabilitation treatment.Methods A total of 1 100 elderly stroke patients receiving rehabilitation treatment in the three hospitals(Beijing Electric Power Hospital of State Grid Corporation,Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrative Medicine and Beijing Daxing Hospital of Integrative Medicine)were selected as the study subjects.General data were collected,and patients were surveyed using the daily life ability scale(BI),family care scale and social support scale(SSRS),according to the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)to determine whether patients developed depressive disorders.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze influencing factors of depressive disorders in elderly stroke patients after rehabilitation treatment.Results A total of 1 100 survey questionnaires were issued and 1 073 were retrieved,with an effective rate of 97.5%,and among them,386 cases(36.0%)were diagnosed with depressive disorder,and 687 cases(64.0%)without depressive disorder.There were significant differences in the incidence of depression between patients with different ages,complications,per capita family income,BI score,family caring degree and SSRS score(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age(OR=1.337,95%CI:1.014-1.763),complication(OR=3.214,95%CI:1.365-7.569),lower per capita monthly family income(OR=2.263,95%CI:1.137-4.503),lower BI score(OR=1.872,95%CI:1.158-3.026),average family caring degree(OR=2.639,95%CI:1.200-5.802)and lower SSRS score(OR=1.557,95%CI:1.044-2.322)were risk factors for depression in elderly stroke patients after rehabilitation treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion More attention should be given to elderly stroke patients to improve family care and social support,thus reducing the risk of depressive disorders after rehabilitation.

Objective To compare and analyze the effectiveness of sequential nutritional support and parenteral nutrition support in clinical intervention of pediatric acute pancreatitis.Methods Data of 102 children with acute pancreatitis were retrospectively collected and divided into the parenteral nutrition group(n=51)and the sequential nutrition group(n=51)based on the type of parenteral nutrition support.Changes in nutritional status,immune function indicators and body rehabilitation indicators were compared before and after intervention between two groups.The humoral immune indexes(IgA,IgG and IgM)were detected by immunonephelometry.The body recovery indexes(abdominal distension relief time,oral feeding recovery time,body temperature recovery time,blood and urine amylase recovery time and hospital stay)were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,levels of serum albumin,total protein and prealbumin were higher in the study group than those in the control group,while levels of blood amylase and urine amylase were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After intervention,the CD3+,CD4+and CD4+/CD8+indicators were higher in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After intervention,IgA,IgG and IgM indicators were higher in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The relief time of abdominal distension,recovery time of oral feeding,recovery time of body temperature,recovery time of blood and urine amylase and hospitalization time were all shorter in the study group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sequential nutritional support can effectively improve the nutritional status of children with acute pancreatitis,enhance immune function and promote physical recovery compared to parenteral nutrition support.

Objective To develop the assessment scale of proactive health behavior ability for the disabled elderly in nursing homes and to test its reliability and validity.Methods The first draft of the scale was formed by literature review,qualitative interviews and Delphi method.From December 2023 to March 2024,525 disabled elderly people from 9 nursing homes in Sichuan Province and Chongqing City were selected as the survey subjects,and item analysis and reliability and validity test were carried out on the scale.30 disabled elderly people were re-investigated after 2 weeks to calculate the retest reliability of the scale.Results The scale consisted of 4 dimensions and 27 items.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors,with the cumulative vanance contribution rate of 65.992％,and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified model fitting index was within acceptable range.The content validity index at item level was 0.917-1.000,and that at scale level was 0.997.The Cronbach's α coefficient,test-retest reliability and split-half reliability of the total scale were 0.944,0.997 and 0.882,respectively.Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity,and it can be used to evaluate the proactive health behavior ability of the disabled elderly in nursing homes.