Objective:To compare the application effect among Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale, Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) scale and "Assessment for Therapeutic Efficacy on Kashin-Beck Disease" (WS/T 79-2011) standard in the evaluation of therapeutic effect of patients with Kashin-Beck disease, which could provide basis for the treatment evaluation of patients with Kashin-Beck disease.Methods:A total of 213 patients with Kashin-Beck disease in Gansu Province were investigated. WOMAC scale, SF-36 scale and standard of WS/T 79-2011 were used to analyze the quality of life of patients before and after treatment. The reliability, construct validity, content validity, discriminant validity of WOMAC and SF-36 scales were compared. Correlation between WOMAC, SF-36 scales and standard of WS/T 79-2011 were evaluated.Results:Both WOMAC and SF-36 scales had good construct validity and content validity (construct validity showed WOMAC and SF-36 scales contained 1 and 2 common factors, respectively; content validity showed WOMAC and SF-36 scales contained 3 and 8 common factors, respectively). The reliability and discriminant validity of WOMAC scale were better than those of SF-36 seale (reliability showed WOMAC reliability coefficient ≥0.934, the reliability coefficient of SF-36 scale was ranged from 0.386 to 0.999. Discriminant validity showed there were differences in 3 dimensions of the WOMAC scale before and after treatment, while there were differences in 6 out of 8 dimensions of the SF-36 scale). The correlation coefficients between WOMAC scale and standard of WS/T 79-2011 ranged from 0.175 to 0.437, the correlation coefficients between SF-36 scale and standard of WS/T 79-2011 ranged from - 0.434 to - 0.099 ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The reliability, discriminant validity and correlation with the standard of WS/T 79-2011 of WOMAC scale are better than those of SF-36 scale in efficacy evaluation of patients with Kashin-Beck disease.

Objective:To master the epidemic trend of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Gansu Province and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of KBD.Methods:All children aged 7 - 12 or 16 years old were selected as the survey subjects in 37 KBD districts and counties in Gansu Province, clinical and X-ray monitoring results of KBD in children from 2004 to 2018 were collected to analyze the epidemic trend of the disease.Results:From 2004 to 2018, a total of 97 190 children were examined clinically and 94 180 X-ray films were taken in Gansu Province. Four hundred and twenty-eight clinical positive cases were detected, with a detection rate of 0.44%. There were 649 X-ray positive cases, and the detection rate was 0.69%. There were 435 metaphyseal positive cases, the detection rate was 0.46%. There were 214 positive cases of bone end, and the detection rate was 0.23%. The clinical positive rate was the highest (7.17%, 58/809) in 2004, followed by 2007 (4.60%, 51/1 109) and 2005 (4.48%, 187/4 173), and the positive rate in other years was less than 3%. The positive rate of X-ray was the highest (9.59%, 58/605) in 2004, followed by 2005 (5.10%, 213/4 173), 2008 (3.66%, 45/1 228) and 2006 (3.04%, 125/4 107), the positive rate of other years was less than 3%.Conclusions:The clinical positive rate and X-ray positive rate of KBD in children in Gansu Province are decreased rapidly and then maintain a low fluctuation. The effect of comprehensive prevention and control measures is remarkable.

Objective:To investigate the application and problems existing in the implementation of the standard of "Assessment for Therapeutic Efficacy of Kashin-Beck Disease" (WS/T 79-2011, referred to as new standard), and to provide technical basis and suggestions for further improving the standard.Methods:In 2019, a questionnaire survey was conducted and analyzed in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Gansu provinces and Tibet Autonomous Region on basic information, standard implementation, publicity, training and application of scoring method of joint dysfunction index of Kashin-Beck disease prevention and control technicians.Results:One hundred and thirty-four questionnaires were distributed in this survey and 132 valid questionnaires were recovered, of which 88.64% (117/132) of Kashin-Beck disease prevention and control technicians received training in the new standard and 89.39% (118/132) used the new standard; 78.03% (103/132) thought that the standard terms were clear and easy to master; 71.97% (95/132) thought it was simple, convenient and easy to operate; 49.24% (65/132) thought that the standard evaluation results were consistent with the actual improvement of patients, and 50.75% (67/132) thought that it was generally consistent; 72.73% (96/132) thought that the design was scientific, reasonable and feasible. When using the scoring method of joint dysfunction index, more than 90% of the technicians thought that the five index terms of "joint rest pain", "joint movement pain", "morning stiffness", "maximum walking distance" and "limb activity ability" were easy to understand and ask questions. When patients with Kashin-Beck disease were investigated, the constituent ratios of easy to understand the five index terms were 96.21% (127/132), 83.33% (110/132), 90.15% (119/132), 78.79%(104/132), 90.15%(119/132) and the constituent ratios of easy to answer were 95.45% (126/132), 83.33% (110/132), 89.39% (118/132), 75.00% (99/132) and 89.39% (118/132), respectively.Conclusions:The new standard terms are clear, the design is scientific and reasonable, the operation is convenient and the feasibility is strong. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the actual improvement of patients. It is suggested to add objective evaluation indexes to the scoring method of joint dysfunction index.

This article reviews the overview, impact and intervention measures of adult attachment of main caregivers of dementia patients, in order to provide a basis for my country to carry out targeted intervention measures to improve the health outcomes of the main caregivers.

Objective: To determine the expression of TAZ and its role in angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed to investigate the expression of TAZ and to determine whether a direct relationship exists between TAZ and β-catenin. Transfection with TAZ overexpression plasmid in MKN28 cells was conducted to induce exogenous expression of TAZ and a TAZ knockdown plasmid was transfected into MGC803 cells to reduce TAZ levels. The effects on endothelial cell formation, proliferation, and migration were determined by Matrigel three-dimensional culture, MTT proliferation assay and Transwell migration assay. In addition, the expression of TAZ and β-catenin in transfected gastric cancer cells was detected by Western blot. Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that TAZ protein was expressed in 64 of 150 gastric cancer sample tissues (43%), TAZ was localized in the nucleus, and its expression was associated with tumor grade, TNM stage, metastasis, and microvessel density (MVD) (P<0.05). In addition, the expression frequency of β-catenin in the TAZ positive group was 67.2%, which was significantly higher than that in the TAZ negative group, and the expression of TAZ was positively correlated with β-catenin. After transfection, TAZ overexpression increased the expression of β-catenin and enhanced HUVECs tube formation, proliferation, and migration. In the MGC803 cells transfected with the knockdown plasmid, β-catenin levels were decreased and HUVECs motility was inhibited. Conclusions: TAZ may promote angiogenesis in gastric cancer by promoting β-catenin expression.

Purpose: To study effect of San Gen talkh medicine and San Gen granule medicine, on healthy rats immune system Method: In this study 32 male healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, low dose group of San Gen talkh (SGTLD), high dose group of San gen talkh (SGTHD) and group of San Gen granule (SGG). In normal group rats were administrated 0.2m l/kg saline solution, in San gen talkh groups rats with low dose and high dose were administrated 0.85g/kg, 1.70g/kg San Gen talkh respectively and in San gen granule medicine groups rats 1.3 g/kg San gen granule medicine, once daily for 42 day. By Elisa method measured IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IFN-γ and TGF-β in blood plasma and spleen tissue of rat. Result: In this experimental result, there was no significantly difference all measured cytokine of blood plasm (P>0.05) between healthy group and all medicine group. In spleen tissue, there was significantly increased IFN-γ (P<0.05) and TGF-β (P<0.05) in SGTHD group and was significantly increased IFN-γ (PO.05), IL-10 (P<0.01)and TGF-β (PO.001) in SGG group compared with normal group. Conclusion High doses San Gen talkh medicine and San Gen granule medicine can support cellular immune system, humoral immune system on healthy rats.

ObjectiveTo study the method of cell isolation,primary culture and identification of subchondral bone cell of osteoarthritis(OA) rabbits.Methods The rabbit instable knee joint models were made by modified Hulth modeling method.The osteoblasts were harvested from the subchondral bone of rabbits by collagenase and tissue explants attachment.The morphology observation and biological identification were performed by inverted microscope and immunocytochemistry staining,respectively.The proliferative activity of cells were detected by MTT and the expression of Ⅰ-collagen at gene level was detected.ResultsThe cells started to appeared on the 11th day after the attachment.The cells form were fusiformis and triangle,the nucleolus were clear.The cultured cells had typical osteoblast morphological characteristics.The cells obtained from subchondral bone of rabbits were identified to be osteoblast by immunocytochemistry staining.The proliferative activity of cells were equably proliferation which detected by MTT.ConclusionThe modified method provides better way to obtain ideal subchondral osteoblast and the co-culture method is suitable for the study of OA microenvironment,which can simulate interactions of the subchondral osteoblast,synovial cells and chondrocyte.

BACKGROUND: The Chinese medicine, Sheng-Ji Ointment, is utilized to cure bone defect due to infectious open fractures in the clinical field. So it was imagined that it was a new inductive factor of osteogenesis and its ingredients could acceleate the proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and induce them into osteoblasts. In our primary experiment, the Sheng-Ji liquor, which was extracted from the same Chinese herbs with Sheng-Ji Ointment, had been identified that it affected the proliferation of BMSCs with its different concentration.OBJECTTVE: To investigate the effect of Sheng-Ji liquor on the osteogenesis of in vitro cultured BMSCs from rabbit tibia.DESTGN: An observation in single kind of sample.SETTING: Orthopaedic Research Institute of Tianjin Hospital.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Tianjin Orthopadic Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine from October 2004 to December 2005. BMSCs were obtainedfrom male healthy Japanese long-eared rabbits of 3 months old, (3.5±0.5) kg. Sheng-Ji liquor (5×102 g/L) was extracted from the Chinese herbs with Sheng-Ji Ointment (Tianjin Factory of Chinese Crude-drug and Cut Crude-drug), including the crude drugs of angelica, rehmannia dride rhizome, carapax testudinis, corium elephatis and crinis carbonisatus.METHODS: The Sheng-Ji liquor was put to BMSCs in different concentrations of 25, 8.3, 5 g/L. Basic medium without Sheng-Ji liquor was taken as blank control, while the standard-controlled medium contained the ingredients of the following blank-controlled medium, dexamethasone 10-8 mol/L, vitamin C 0.05 g/L and β-sodium glycerophosphate 10 mmol/L. The BMSCs passaged in different conditions were seeded in plate and cultured for 2-3 weeks, then the mineralized nodes were observed under inverted fluorescence microscope, and the cell expressions were observed with acheomycin labeling and collegan Ⅰ immunohistochemical staining. The culture medium was collected to determine the contents of extracellular and intracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), then the ratios of ALP/LDH and OCN/LDH were calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After 2 and 3-week culture, the mineralized nodes, results of acheomycin labeling and collegan Ⅰ immunohistochemical staining, and the ratios of ALP/LDH and OCN/LDH were observed.were prolonged, proliferated assembly and overlapped. The inter-cell limits disappeared gradually and sporadic cellular Results of acheomycin labeling and collegan Ⅰ immunohistochemical staining: There were positive cells and mineralized nodes in all of groups with Sheng-Ji liquor and standard-controlled group. BMSCs of the blank-controlled group were negative. The positive cells and mineralized nodes were green with yellowish color under irrigation of fluorescence; The results of immunocytochemistry for collagen Ⅰ were positive in all of groups with Sheng-Ji liquor and standard-controlled group. The result of blank-controlled group was negative. The positive induced BMSCs had the cytoplasm with granula of highest as compared with the other groups (P ＜ 0.05). The ratios of ALP/LDH and OCN/LDH in the other groups were close (P ＞ 0.05).

Objective Using ?-cyanoacrylate to establish the orthotopic transplantation tumor model from the subcutaneous model of human hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC)in nude mice. Methods The subcutaneous animal tumor model was established by transplanting BEL-7402 cell into the subcutaneous of nude mice. Then the orthotopic transplantation tumor model was established by injecting the subcutaneous transplanted tumor into liver(indirect orthotopic model). Results Using ?-cyanoacrylate to establish the indirect orthotopic model successfully and the survival rates of the transplantation tumor were 95.8 %. Conclusion It was compared with the traditional methods that the indirect orthotopic transplantation tumor model by using ?-cyanoacrylate to establish is an easy method with high successful rate and easy to spread.

Cell apoptosis is an important biological process. It plays an essential role on cell growth and response for outside stimulations. This review focused on the recent advancement of apoptotic signal transduction, enzymological mechanisms, the function of mitochondria in cell apoptosis as well as the regulation of genes.