The breakage pattern of unit particles during the production of oral solid dosage forms (OSD) is closely related to the quality of intermediate or final products. To accurately characterize the particles and study the evolution law of particle breakage, the Bonding model of the discrete element method (DEM) was used to investigate the breakage patterns of model parameters, particle shape and process conditions (loading mode and loading rate) on the dynamic breakage, force-time curve, breakage rate, maximum breakage size ratio and fracture strength of particles. The results showed that the particle breakage force was positively correlated with normal strength and bonded disk scale, negatively correlated with normal stiffness per unit area and tangential stiffness per unit area, and weakly correlated with tangential strength. The particle breakage rate was negatively correlated with the aspect ratio of the particles, and the maximum breakage size ratio was positively correlated with the aspect ratio of the particles; among the three loading modes, the breakage rate of compression breakage model was the largest, the breakage rate of shear breakage model was the second largest, and the breakage rate of wear breakage model was the smallest; the maximum breakage size ratio was positively correlated with the loading rate, the loading mode and the loading rate had no mutual influence on particle breakage rate, but had mutual influence on the maximum breakage size ratio. The research results will provide a theoretical basis for the shift of OSD from batch manufacturing to advanced manufacturing.

Objective To evaluate the impact of poor sleep quality on occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in trauma patients.Methods We prospectively recruited 256 trauma patients hospitalized in 4 general hospitals in Zunyi during the period from October,2021 to November,2022,and 226 of the participants completed the PTSD survey and assessment.The patients'sleep quality within a month before trauma was estimated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and their sleep quality within 7 days after admission was monitored by smart bracelet sleep monitoring;the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C)was used to detect the occurrence of PTSD during the follow-up.Results The detection rate of PTSD in the patients was 19.47%at 1 month and 17.61%at 3 months after trauma.The patients who developed PTSD had poorer sleep quality before the trauma,as shown by significantly higher PSQI scale scores(P<0.001),than those without PTSD,and they showed a sleep abnormality rate as high as 72.73%prior to PTSD onset.Within 7 days after admission,the patients developing PTSD had lower sleep quality scores with more frequent night awakenings(P<0.05).A 1 month and 3 months after trauma,the patients with PTSD had significantly higher PSQI scores than those without PTSD(P<0.05).Conclusion PTSD is more likely to occur in trauma patients with poor sleep quality before trauma.

In this work,a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure(TDN)functionalized rotational paper-based analytical device(RPAD)was constructed for rapid and highly sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1(AFB1)using exonucleaseⅠ(ExoⅠ)and G-quadruplex(G4)dimer.Herein,a single-stranded DNA,containing both of the G4 dimer sequence and AFB1 recognition sequence,was used as the recognition probe(G4 dimer probe).TDN was used to precisely regulate the orientation and distribution density of G4 dimer probe to improve the recognition efficiency of the system.ExoⅠas a single stranded DNA specific nuclease was introduced for effective amplification of the detection signal.G4 dimer was employed to enhance the fluorescence signal of thioflavin T(ThT).In the absence of AFB1,the G4 dimer structure of G4 dimer probe could specifically bind with ThT to generate dramatic fluorescence enhancement.However,in the presence of AFB1,AFB1 could specifically bind with G4 dimer probe,resulting in the dissociation of G4 dimer probe from TDN and further be digested by ExoⅠ.At the same time,the released AFB1 could bind to G4 dimer probe on the TDN again by this way to generate signal amplification.After this cycle,the amount of aptamer on the TDN was decreased,accompanied by the reduction of G4 dimer on TDN.In this case,the fluorescence intensity of the system was reduced.The designed RPAD showed a good linear response in AFB1 concentration range of 0.0001-500 ng/mL and the limit of detection was 0.1 pg/mL.Moreover,the proposed strategy was successfully applied to detection of AFB1 in peanut and wine.The developed TDN/G4 dimer/ExoⅠstrategy improved the specificity and sensitivity of the system significantly.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks,and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020.According to their conditions,they were divided into group A(both twins had BPD),group B(only one twin had BPD),and group C(neither twin had BPD).The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed.Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins.Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of<34 weeks were included in this study.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C,birth weight discordance of>25%between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins(OR=3.370,95%CI:1.500-7.568,P<0.05),and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD(P<0.05).The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age(SGA)birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins(OR=5.017,95%CI:1.040-24.190,P<0.05).Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age,birth weight discordance between the twins,and SGA birth.

Objective To explore characteristics of co-infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae(Cpn)and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),and identify their effect on SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory response.Methods Patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)who received treatment in a hospital in Chenzhou City from December 20,2022 to February 20,2023 were selected.According to the severity of COVID-19,severe and critical cases were classified as the severe symptom group,while mild and moderate cases were classified as the mild symptom group.Meanwhile,according to the age of patients(≥18 years old as adults,＜18 years old as juveniles),they were divided into the adult severe symptom group,adult mild symptom group,juvenile severe symptom group,and juvenile mild symptom group.Propensity score was adopted to match age,gender,and under-lying diseases of patients in severe symptom and mild symptom group in a 1∶1 ratio.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),throat swabs,and serum specimens of patients were collected.Cpn IgG/IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),levels of 12 common cytokines(including interleukin-8[IL-8])in BALF were detected by flow cytometry,differences among groups were compared.Results A total of 102 patients were included,with 61 severe and critical(severe symptom)patients,as well as 41 mild and moderate(mild symp-tom)patients.There were 71 patients aged ≥18 years and 31 juvenile patients aged＜18 years.There were 39 pa-tients in the adult severe symptom group and 32 in the adult mild symptom group,and 30 pairs were successfully matched through propensity score analysis.There were 22 patients in the juvenile severe symptom group and 9 in the juvenile mild symptom group,and 8 pairs were successfully matched through propensity score analysis.Among COVID-19 patients,the positive rates of Cpn IgG and IgM were 36.27％(n=37)and 8.82％(n=9),respective-ly,with 1 case positive for both Cpn IgG and IgM.The level of interferon(IFN)-α in serum specimens from adult patients with severe symptom combined with positive Cpn IgG was higher than that of IgG negative patients(P=0.037).There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of other cytokines in BALF and serum speci-mens between the two groups of patients(all P＞0.05).The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 in serum specimens of patients with positive Cpn IgG in the adult mild symptom group were both higher than those in Cpn IgG negative patients(both P＜0.05).The levels of IL-8 in both BALF and serum specimens from Cpn IgM positivity patients in the ju-venile mild symptom group were higher than those from patients with negative Cpn IgM(both P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that Cpn IgG and IgM positivity were not risk factors for the development of se-vere COVID-19.Conclusion Combined Cpn infection is not a risk factor for the development of severe symptom in COVID-19 patients,and Cpn infection has limited impact on the secretion of inflammatory factors caused by SARS-CoV-2.

Objective To evaluate the impact of poor sleep quality on occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in trauma patients.Methods We prospectively recruited 256 trauma patients hospitalized in 4 general hospitals in Zunyi during the period from October,2021 to November,2022,and 226 of the participants completed the PTSD survey and assessment.The patients'sleep quality within a month before trauma was estimated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and their sleep quality within 7 days after admission was monitored by smart bracelet sleep monitoring;the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C)was used to detect the occurrence of PTSD during the follow-up.Results The detection rate of PTSD in the patients was 19.47%at 1 month and 17.61%at 3 months after trauma.The patients who developed PTSD had poorer sleep quality before the trauma,as shown by significantly higher PSQI scale scores(P<0.001),than those without PTSD,and they showed a sleep abnormality rate as high as 72.73%prior to PTSD onset.Within 7 days after admission,the patients developing PTSD had lower sleep quality scores with more frequent night awakenings(P<0.05).A 1 month and 3 months after trauma,the patients with PTSD had significantly higher PSQI scores than those without PTSD(P<0.05).Conclusion PTSD is more likely to occur in trauma patients with poor sleep quality before trauma.