Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective To investigate changes in the urinary metabolite profiles of children exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)during critical brain development and explore their potential link with the intestinal microbiota. Methods Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine ten hydroxyl metabolites of PAHs(OH-PAHs)in 36-month-old children.Subsequently,37 children were categorized into low-and high-exposure groups based on the sum of the ten OH-PAHs.Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify non-targeted metabolites in the urine samples.Furthermore,fecal flora abundance was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. Results The concentrations of 21 metabolites were significantly higher in the high exposure group than in the low exposure group(variable importance for projection>1,P<0.05).Most of these metabolites were positively correlated with the hydroxyl metabolites of naphthalene,fluorine,and phenanthrene(r=0.336-0.531).The identified differential metabolites primarily belonged to pathways associated with inflammation or proinflammatory states,including amino acid,lipid,and nucleotide metabolism.Additionally,these distinct metabolites were significantly associated with specific intestinal flora abundances(r=0.34-0.55),which were mainly involved in neurodevelopment. Conclusion Higher PAH exposure in young children affected metabolic homeostasis,particularly that of certain gut microbiota-derived metabolites.Further investigation is needed to explore the potential influence of PAHs on the gut microbiota and their possible association with neurodevelopmental outcomes.

In this study,nine hybridoma cells secreting monoclonal antibodies against deltamethrin were prepared,and the monoclonal antibody 4D4E11 with best sensitivity was selected to develop indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for detection of deltamethrin. The optimal working buffer for ic-ELISA was 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.2 mol/L NaCl and 20％ methanol,while 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing 1 mol/L NaCl,5‰Tween-20 and 10％methanol for LFIA. Under the optimal conditions,the half inhibition concentration (IC50) and limit of detection (IC10) of ic-ELISA were 10.60 ng/mL and 1.43 ng/mL respectively,and the limit of detection of the developed LFIA was 0.5μg/mL. The developed ic-ELISA and LFIA showed no cross-reactivities (CRs) with eight kinds of analogues of deltamethrin,which indicated the excellent specificity of proposed immunoassays. The average recoveries of the ic-ELISA in spiked tomato,cabbage and lettuce samples were 79.8％-92.6％with relative standard deviations of 0.8％-5.5％. The detection results of LFIA were consistent with the spiked concentrations in the range of 1-5 mg/kg. Meanwhile,the results of ic-ELISA and LFIA showed close correlation with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the test of blind lettuce samples. The experimental results demonstrated that the two immunoassays proposed here were suitable for rapid detection of deltamethrin with high sensitivity and high accuracy.

AIM To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous content determination of hyperoside,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,esculin,chlorogenic acid,berberine,quercetin,rehmannioside D,palmatine,leonurin A,paeoniflorin,timosaponin BⅡand rutin in Guanhuangmu Granules.METHODS The analysis was performed on a 40℃ thermostatic Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of 0.05%formic acid(containing 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate)-acetonitrile flowing at 0.3 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electron spray ionization source was adopted in positive and negative ion scanning.RESULTS Twelve constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r＞0.999 0),whose average recoveries were 93.46%-102.01%with the RSDs of 2.13%-3.65%.CONCLUSION This rapid,accurate,stable and sensitive method can be used for the quality control of Guanhuangmu Granules.

Objective To preliminarily analyze the efficacy of laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 84 patients with ICC who underwent surgical resection from September 2010 to March 2023,including 45 cases in the laparoscopic surgery group and 39 in the open surgery group.By using propensity score matching,34 matched pairs were successfully identified.The study compared intraoperative blood loss,proportion of achieving≥6 lymph nodes dissection,R0 resection rate,complication,postoperative hospital stay,survival,and recurrence between the two groups.Results In the laparoscopic group,intraoperative blood loss was significantly less than that in the open surgery group(median:250 ml vs.750 ml,Z=-3.406,P=0.001).The proportion of achieving≥6 lymph node dissection in the former was lower than that in the latter,but the difference was not statistically significant(5.9%vs.17.6%,χ2=1.275,P=0.259).There was no statistical difference in R0 resection rate between the laparoscopic group and the open surgery group[88.2%(30/34)vs.82.4%(28/34),χ2=0.469,P=0.493].The complication rate in the laparoscopic group was 17.6%(6/34),significantly lower than 47.1%(16/34)in the open surgery group(χ2=6.719,P=0.010);however,the rate of severe complication was the same in both groups at 2.9%(χ2=0.000,P=1.000).Laparoscopic surgery significantly shortened the postoperative hospital stay(median:7 d vs.10 d,Z=-3.021,P=0.003).The median overall survival in the laparoscopic group was 60.6 months,significantly longer than 15.9 months in the open surgery group(log-rank χ2=5.788,P=0.016).The median recurrence-free survival was 26.4 months in the laparoscopic group,significantly longer than 7.6 months in the open surgery group(log-rank χ2=4.532,P=0.033).Conclusions Compared to open surgery,laparoscopic surgery for ICC offers advantages such as less blood loss,lower complication rate,shorter postoperative hospital stay and longer survival.It achieves comparable R0 resection rate and adequate lymph node dissection.

Objective:To explore the expression of PD-L1 and B7-H3 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and their relationship with the prognosis after surgery.Methods:Clinicopathological data of 63 ICC patients undergoing surgery at the Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, from Sep 2016 to Mar 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:PD-L1 and B7-H3 are highly expressed in 41.3% and 60.3% of ICC patients, respectively, and their expression levels were positively correlated with each other( P=0.005). High PD-L1 expression is significantly associated with poor tumor differentiation ( P=0.014), while high B7-H3 expression is significantly related to lymph node metastasis ( P=0.035). In patients with high co-expression of PD-L1 and B7-H3, the overall survival ( P=0.031) and recurrence-free survival ( P=0.031) were significantly decreased. High co-expression of PD-L1 and B7-H3 is an independent risk factor for recurrence in ICC ( HR=3.998, 95% CI: 1.211-13.198; P=0.023). Conclusions:ICC patients with high expression of both PD-L1 and B7-H3 have a poor prognosis. Using both as the combined biomarker significantly improves the prediction of long-term survival after surgery, compared to using either one alone.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Cases of human infection with H7 subtype avian influenza virus(AIV)combined with five NA subtypes(N2,N3,N4,N7,and N9)have been reported.This study was aimed at establishing a method for simultaneous detection and dif-ferential diagnosis of H7 and five NA subtypes of AIV.Seven pairs of specific primers were designed according to the conserved sequences of the HA gene of H7 subtype AIV,the NA gene of five NA AIV subtypes,and the M gene of all AIV subtypes.A high-throughput GeXP typing method was established for simultaneous detection of the H7 subtype and the five NA subtypes of AIV by using GeXP multiple gene expression and capillary electrophoresis analysis technology.The specificity and sensitivity of the method were determined,and clinical samples were tested.The specificity results indicated that this method was able to simultaneously detect seven target genes in a single tube;each pair of specific primers was able to detect the corresponding AIV subtype,and the universal detection primers were able to detect all subtypes of AIV,with no cross-reaction with other common avian disease pathogens.Sensitivity results demonstrated that this method was able to simultaneously detect seven target genes with a threshold detection limit was 100 copies/μL.The detection results for 150 clinical samples were consistent with those of viral isolation and identification.The high-throughput GeXP method for simultaneous differential diagnosis of the H7 subtype and five subtypes of AIV established in this study has advantages of high specificity,high sensitivity,rapidity,and simplicity,thus providing a new detection method for the effective prevention and control of AIV.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of ibrutinib combined with venetoclax in the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(R/R DLBCL),and to analyze the factors affecting efficacy and prognosis.Methods:Clinical data of 62 R/R DLBCL patients admitted to our hospital from August 2017 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with ibrutinib combined with venetoclax.The clinical efficacy and drug safety were evaluated.The effects of clinical features on short-term efficacy and overall survival(OS)were analyzed.Results:The objective response rate(ORR)of 62 patients was 48.39％.The extranodal lesions,intermediate-high/high risk of NCCN-IPI,intermediate-high/high risk of IPI,progression or recurrence time＜12 months were the risk factors affecting the short-term efficacy of chemotherapy in R/R DLBCL patients(all P＜0.05).The most common adverse effect was neutropenia(75.19％),and the incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ neutropenia was 52.71％.The l-year and 2-year OS rates of 62 patients were 48.51％and 31.56％,respectively,and the median OS time was 12 months.Multivariate analysis showed that objective remission after chemotherapy[HR=0.080(95％CI:0.028-0.235)]was a protective factor for OS in R/R DLBCL patients,and intermediate-high/high risk of NCCN-IPI[HR=4.828(95％CI:1.546-15.080)]was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of R/R DLBCL patients.Conclusion:Ibrutinib combined with venetoclax can be used as an effective treatment regimen for R/R DLBCL,and NCCN-IPI can be used as a prognostic indicator.Objective remission after chemotherapy is beneficial for R/R DLBCL patients to achieve better OS.

Objective To study the expression of selenoprotein genes in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection and its mother-to-child transmission,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Methods The dataset GSE4124 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO).Two groups of HIV-positive mothers(n=25)and HIV-negative mothers(n=20)were designed.HIV-positive mothers included a subset of transmitter(TR)mothers(n=11)and non-transmitter(NTR)mothers(n=14).Then,t-test was carried out to compare the expression levels of selenoprotein genes between the four groups(HIV-positive vs. HIV-negative,NTR vs. HIV-negative,TR vs. HIV-negative,TR vs. NTR).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were adopted to analyze the effects of differentially expressed genes on HIV infection and mother-to-child transmission.R software was used to establish a nomogram prediction model and evaluate the model performance.Results Compared with the HIV-negative group,HIV-positive,NTR,and TR groups had 8,5 and 8 down-regulated selenoprotein genes,respectively.Compared with the NTR group,the TR group had 4 down-regulated selenoprotein genes.Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormally high expression of GPX1,GPX3,GPX4,TXNRD1,TXNRD3,and SEPHS2 affected HIV infection and had no effect on mother-to-child transmission.The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the abnormally high expression of TXNRD3(OR=0.032,95%CI=0.002-0.607,P=0.022)was positively correlated with HIV infection.As for the nomogram prediction model,the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for 1-year survival of HIV-infected patients was 0.840(95%CI=0.690-1.000),and that for 3-year survival of HIV-infected patients was 0.870(95%CI=0.730-1.000).Conclusions Multiple selenoprotein genes with down-regulated expression levels were involved in the regulation of HIV infection and mother-to-child transmission.The abnormal high expression of TXNRD3 was positively correlated with HIV infection.The findings provide new ideas for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Humans ; Female ; HIV Infections ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Nomograms ; Selenoproteins/genetics*