Bone is a highly calcified and vascularized tissue. The vascular system plays a vital role in supporting bone growth and repair, such as the provision of nutrients, growth factors, and metabolic waste transfer. Moreover, the additional functions of the bone vasculature, such as the secretion of various factors and the regulation of bone-related signaling pathways, are essential for maintaining bone health. In the bone microenvironment, bone tissue cells play a critical role in regulating angiogenesis, including osteoblasts, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and osteoclasts. Osteogenesis and bone angiogenesis are closely linked. The decrease in osteogenesis and bone angiogenesis caused by aging leads to osteoporosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various physiological processes, including osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs could mediate the crosstalk between angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate angiogenesis‒osteogenesis crosstalk remains unclear. In this review, we describe in detail the ways in which lncRNAs regulate the crosstalk between osteogenesis and angiogenesis to promote bone health, aiming to provide new directions for the study of the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate bone metabolism.
RNA, Long Noncoding/physiology* ; Osteogenesis/physiology* ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/genetics* ; Bone and Bones/metabolism* ; Animals ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Signal Transduction ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Angiogenesis

Objective:To evaluate the short-term rehabilitation effect of wearable visual training devices based on extended reality (XR) glasses in patients after macular hole surgery.Methods:A self-controlled study was conducted.Eleven patients with monocular low vision after macular hole surgery were recruited at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from October 2022 to March 2024.All patients underwent biofeedback training for 3 months using the independently developed visual rehabilitation training glasses LOOKBON T10.The LogMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, reading speed, vertical metamorphopsia (MV), horizontal metamorphopsia (MH), and Chinese version of the visual-related quality of life assessment form (CVRQoL-25) were compared before and after training.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (No.WDRY2024-K263).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:After training, the patients' BCVA, retinal sensitivity, effective fixation rate, fixation stability, and reading speed were 0.69±0.19, (21.61±2.75)db, (92.43±4.06)%, (93.09±4.31)%, and (104.82±21.85) characters/minute, respectively, which were significantly improved compared to 0.85±0.28, (17.71±3.17)db, (31.83±19.05)%, (32.35±19.12)%, and (69.64±20.17) characters/minute before training ( t=5.253, -5.987, -11.561, -12.003, -11.682; all at P<0.001).After training, MV and MH were (0.29±0.20)° and (0.21±0.24)°, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared to pre-training (0.44±0.24)° and (0.43±0.41)° ( t=9.238, 4.068; both at P<0.01).After training, the CVRQoL-25 score was 1 193.18±229.43, which was significantly higher than pre-training 947.73±203.86 ( t=-11.687, P<0.001). Conclusions:The application of wearable visual training equipment based on XR glasses can effectively improve the visual function of patients with poor visual function recovery after macular hole surgery, and enhance their quality of life.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of diagnosis and treatment of renal parenchymal invasive urothelial carcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 23 patients with renal parenchymal invasive urothelial carcinoma admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 males and 11 females. The mean age was (67.3±10.1) years old. Among them, 7 cases complained of painless hematuria and 9 cases were asymptomatic. Three cases underwent preoperative MRI examination, 19 patients underwent preoperative enhanced CT examination, and 1 patient underwent both MRI and enhanced CT examination. MRI examination showed renal lobulated and other T1 mixed with T2 signals, the boundary was not clear, and DWI showed obvious restricted diffusion. The tumor was located on the left side in 15 cases and on the right side in 8 cases. Preoperative diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration biopsy in 1 patient, and specimens were obtained by flexible ureteroscope in 2 patients. No tumor was reported. The preoperative diagnosis of 22 patients was unclear and the nature of the tumor could not be determined. One patient was considered to have urothelial carcinoma by fine needle aspiration. All patients were treated by surgery, including 20 cases of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and 3 cases of nephroureterectomy with bladder sleeve resection.Results:Postoperative pathological specimens showed yellow-white mass, high-grade invasive urothelial carcinoma invading renal parenchyma. Nine cases were T 3a stage, 14 cases were T 3b stage, and 5 cases were lymph node metastasis. The average postoperative follow-up time was (18.6±6.72)months, 2 patients were lost to follow-up, 8 patients died, and the overall mortality rate was 38.1%. Seven patients died of recurrence or metastasis. There were 3 cases of bladder recurrence and 5 cases of metastasis after operation. Conclusions:Renal parenchymal infiltrating urothelial carcinoma is difficult to diagnose in the early stage, with poor clinical biological behavior and poor overall prognosis. For patients diagnosed with renal parenchymal invasive urothelial carcinoma preoperatively, laparoscopic nephroureterectomy + bladder sleeve resection is recommended.

Objective To analyze the educational characteristics of physical therapy in universities of United States, and provide reference for the international development of rehabilitation therapy education in China.Methods Based on the data collected from the official websites of three universities in the United States and the databases at home and abroad, combined with the author's learning experience, the characteristics of physical therapy education in universities of United States in detail was analyzed.Results Characteristics of physical therapy education in universities of United States had strict accreditation system, course objectives oriented by practicing competence, comprehensive curriculum plan, educational concept of student-centered, high level of teaching informatization, diversified teaching and learning evaluation system, which conformed to the goal of rehabilitation competency of World Health Organization.Conclusion Physical therapy education in United States has remarkable characteristics and a well-developed system, which has certain reference value for China.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive system, which has the characteristics of strong heterogeneity, rapid progress and poor prognosis. Liver metastasis of gastric cancer is the main cause of death of advanced gastric cancer. At present, the clinical treatment of gastric cancer mainly includes systematic treatment (systemic chemotherapy, targeted treatment, immunotherapy), surgical resection, interventional treatment and radiotherapy, but the therapeutic effects are not good, and liver metastasis of gastric cancer is lack of standardized treatment strategy. At present, the multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment mode has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors, and has achieved good results. According to the clinical characteristics and surgical accessibility of liver metastasis of gastric cancer, the Chinese Gastrointestinal Surgery Expert Group divides it into three clinical types: resectable type, potential resectable type and non-resectable type. All kinds of clinical types of patients need multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment cooperation group experts to discuss and formulate individualized treatment plan.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of CT-guided percutaneous lung puncture biopsy versus ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung puncture biopsy. Methods: Relevant domestic and foreign related databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, OVID, China Biology Medicine, VIP, Wanfang and CNKI databases were searched, the randomized controlled trial about the applications of CT-guided and ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung puncture biopsy were collected. After extracting the relevant data, a Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 and Stata softwares. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, with a total sample size of 1 158 cases, of which 635 were CT-guided puncture biopsy and 523 were ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy. Meta-analysis showed that the difference of the success rate between the CT-guided group and the ultrasound-guided group was not statistically significant [97.48% (619/635) vs. 96.56% (505/523), RR= 1.01, 95% CI 0.99-1.03, P= 0.360]; the puncture diagnosis rate in the CT-guided group was lower than in the ultrasound-guided group, and the difference was statistically significant [92.44% (619/635) vs. 96.56% (505/523), RR= 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, P= 0.007]. The total incidence of complications after puncture in the CT-guided group was higher than that in the ultrasound-guided group, and the difference was statistically significant [14.49% (92/635) vs. 9.56% (50/523), RR= 1.56, 95% CI 1.11-2.19, P= 0.010]; the incidence of pneumothorax after puncture in the CT-guided group was higher than that in the ultrasound-guided group, and the difference was statistically significant [11.50%(73/635) vs. 6.31% (33/523), RR= 1.77, 95% CI 1.17-2.68, P= 0.007]; the difference of the incidence of bleeding after puncture between the CT-guided group and the ultrasound-guided group was not statistically significant [2.99% (19/635) vs. 3.25% (17/523), RR= 1.08, 95% CI 0.59-1.98, P= 0.800]. Conclusions Both CT-guided and ultrasound-guided percutaneous lung puncture biopsy have good clinical diagnostic value. However, for the intrapulmonary masses shown by ultrasound, the ultrasound-guided lung puncture biopsy has a shorter operation time, lower cost, and higher safety.

Objective Toevaluatetheinterventionaltherapeuticefficacyoflowerureteralstricturesandobstructionbyimplantation of"doubleGJ"stentsbytheguidewiretrackwithtwowaysjointofpercutaneousnephrocentesisandurethra.Methods 45caseswith malignanttumoroflowerureteralstrictureorobstructionweretreatedwithballooncatheterdilatation,andthenthe"doubleJ"tube wasimplantedusingpercutaneousnephrostomyandurethradoublepathguidedwireorbit.Postoperativeurinevolume,renalfunction, colordopplerultrasoundandCTfollowGupwereobservedandreviewedfor3－12monthsaftersurgery.Results Thesuccessfulrate oftheoperationwas100%(45/45),withtheureteralobstructionrelievedandtheclinicalsymptomsimproved.After7days,renal functionfullyrecoveredtonormalin39patients,andsignificantlyimprovedin6patients.Conclusion Implantationof "doubleGJ"stentsbytheguidewiretrackwithpercutaneousnephrocentesisandtransurethraldoublepathisasimple,effectiveandminimallyinvasive treatmentformalignantureteralstrictureandobstruction.

Objective To observe the effects of dual-task motor training on motor and balance function for stroke patients. Methods From January, 2016 to June, 2017, 30 patients with stroke were assigned randomly into control group (n = 15) and treatment group (n = 15). Both groups accepted routine physical therapy, the control group accepted anti-gravity treadmill training, while the treatment group accepted dual-task training with anti-gravity treadmill, for four weeks. They were measured with balance training and evaluation system, and assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-lower extremity (FMA-L), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and modified Barthel Index (MBI), before and after treatment. Results The range of swaying on X axial (Rx) and Y axial (Ry), as well as rectangle area (RecArea) decreased after treatment in the treatment group (t > 4.719, P < 0.001), while RecArea decreased in the control group (t = 5.069, P < 0.001). Ry and RecArea were less in the treatment group than in the control group (t > 2.288, P < 0.05). The scores of FMA-L, BBS and MBI improved after treatment in both groups (t > 7.316, P < 0.001), and improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (t > 2.322, P < 0.05). Conclusion The dual-task training via anti-gravity treadmill may improve motor and balance function in stroke patients, and promote the activities of daily living.

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of petroleum ether (60-90 ℃),ethyl acetate,ethanol and pyridineas residual organic solvents in imatinib mesylate API. Methods Capillary gas chromatography was adopted.The determination was performed on DB-WAX capillary column with FID detector.The injector temperature was 180 ℃and the temperature of FID was 200 ℃ by temperature programming with nitrogen serving as carrier gas at a flow rate of 5 mL·min-1.The injection volume was 1 μL.With N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) serving as solvent,four kinds of organic solvent residues in the samples were calculated by external standard method. Results The four kinds of organic solvent were completely separated under the established chromatographic condition.A good linearity was obtained in the concentration ranges of them (r=0.999 8-0.999 9).The sampling precisions (RSDs) were less than 2.0%(n=5).The average recovery rates of ethyl acetate,ethanol and pyridine were 97%-101%and that of petroleum ether was 88.7%(RSD<2.0%,n=5).The limits of detection for them were 0.58,0.42,0.18 and 0.61 ng respectively(S/N=3:1).The limits of quantification for them were 1.8,2.1,0.5 and 2.5 ng,respectively (S/N=10:1). Conclusion The method is simple,sensitive,accurate and reliable.

Antibody drugs often show "heterogeneity",including the related isomers differing from one another in glycosylation,charge or molecular size.Most of these isomers come from post-translational modifications,such as aggregation,degradation,glycosylation,oxidation,deamidation or disulfide misfolding,of the recombinant protein in the "cell factories".These modifications not only influence the quality,safety and efficacy of the antibodies,but also serve as an important indication of product quality throughout the whole process of antibody production.This paper reviews the relationship between glycoslation,charge and size heterogeneities of monoclonal antibodies and drug efficacy,safety,pharmacokinetics as well as immunogenicity,contributing to a better understanding of the relationship between antibody structure and function.It will provide some support and guidance for the research and development of antibody drugs,especially biosimilars.