Glioma is a common primary intracra-nial tumor.Malignant glioma has a high mortality rate and an inferior prognosis.Despite various ther-apeutic interventions,the overall survival rate is still meager.Sesquiterpene lactone is a kind of natu-ral product containing α-methylene-γ-lactone,which has strong anti-tumor activity.In recent years,there have been many reports on the anti-gli-oma effect of sesquiterpene lactone compounds,such as ACT001,which is a structural modification of sesquiterpene lactone(Parthenolide)and has en-tered the clinical trial stage as a potential antican-cer drug.This paper reviews the activity and mecha-nism of sesquiterpene lactones with anti-glioma ef-fects,which have been studied in recent.years.

Objective To construct models of viral transfection and hypoxia/reoxygenation induced cellular injury in adult mouse cardiomyocytes(AMCMs)isolated using a non-Langendorff method.Methods AMCMs were isolated,extracted,sedimented,and plated using a non-Langendorff method.The morphology and survival rate of the isolated cells were evaluated 2,24,48 and 72 h after plating,and their integrity was observed by immunofluorescence staining for α-actinin.The isolated AMCMs were infected with adenoviruses carrying an RFP-expressing vector and fluorescence images were obtained at 36 and 48 h post-infection and used to calculate transfection efficiency.The cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 45 min,reoxygenated for 24 h,and then stained with propidium iodide(PI)to verify establishment of the hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model.Results The survival rates of AMCMs at 2,24 and 48 h after plating were comparable,but survival was significantly reduced at 72 h.The integrity of the AMCMs was good and＞80%of the cells were transfected with adenovirus at 48 h.After hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment,42%of cells were stained by PI,suggesting successful establishment of the AMCM injury model.Conclusions In this study,we developed a non-Langendorff method for the fast and easy isolation of AMCMs with high cell viability.The isolated cells can be efficiently infected with adenovirus and respond to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.These findings provide a systematic method for isolating AMCMs and for applying gene modification and hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in these cells.

Objective: To evaluate health risks of five heavy metals in drinking water of rural schools in Henan Province, so as to provide scientific basis for drinking water safety in rural schools. Methods: Totally 1 269 drinking water samples were collected and analyzed for five heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr 6+ , Pb, Hg) concentration in 106 cities and counties of Henan Province, and its spatial distribution characteristics were explored by geographic information system (GIS). Risk assessment method recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) was applied to evaluate health risks from five heavy metals through oral ingestion. Results: The qualified rate of As concentration was 100%, and the qualified rates of Cd, Cr 6+ , Pb and Hg were 99.9% , 99.9%, 99.5%, 99.6%. The highest carcinogenic risk was As (3.05×10 -5 ), followed by Cr 6+ (2.73×10 -5 ), and the highest non carcinogenic risk was As (0.158 3), followed by Pb(0.041 7). The carcinogenic risk and non carcinogenic risk were all higher in girls than boys. The carcinogenic and non carcinogenic risks were differences in different regions( P <0.05). Conclusion Health risks of five heavy metals in drinking water for rural schools in Henan Province were within the acceptable risk level recommended by EPA. As, Cr 6+ and Pb were the main health risk factors in drinking water, and that might impact negatively the healthy growth of primary and middle school students. These should be future efforts of drinking water safety management.

Image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) is a visual image-guided radiotherapy technique that has many advantages such as increasing the dose of tumor target area and reducing the dose of normal organ exposure. Cone beam CT (CBCT) is one of the most commonly used medical images in IGRT, and the rapid and accurate targeting of CBCT and the segmentation of dangerous organs are of great significance for radiotherapy. The current research method mainly includes partitioning method based on registration and segmentation method based on deep learning. This study reviews the CBCT image segmentation method, existing problems and development directions.

Thoracic trauma has the characteristics of complexity, specificity, urgency and severity. Therefore, the treatment is particularly important. Thoracic Traumatology Group, Trauma Medicine Branch of Zhejiang Medical Association organized the writing of the thoracic trauma and further optimization consensus of Zhejiang thoracic surgery industry Treatment and diagnosis of rib and sternum trauma: A consensus statement by Zhejiang Association for Thoracic Surgery (version 2021), compiled the popular science book Emergency Treatment and Risk Avoidance Strategy of Thoracic Trauma and Illustration of Real Scene Treatment of Trauma, actively prepared to build the trauma database of Zhejiang Province, and participated in the construction of trauma group in the Yangtze River Delta. Although Zhejiang Province has carried out many related works in the diagnosis and treatment of chest trauma, it is still inconsistent with the development requirements of the times. Standardization of chest trauma treatment, popularization of relevant knowledge, management of trauma big data, grass-roots radiation promotion tour and further optimization of industry consensus are the requirements and objectives of this era.

OBJECTIVE: To detect pathogenic variant of the FGD1 gene in a boy with Aarskog-Scott syndrome. METHODS: Genetic variant was detected by high-throughput sequencing. Suspected variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. The nature and impact of the candidate variant were predicted by bioinformatic analysis. RESULTS: The child was found to harbor a novel c.1906C>T hemizygous variant of the FGD1 gene, which has led to conversion of Arginine to Tryptophane at codon 636(p.Arg636Trp). The same variant was found in his mother but not father. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, the c.1906C>T variant of FGD1 gene was predicted to be likely pathogenic(PM1+PM2+PM5+PP2+PP3+PP4). CONCLUSION The novel c.1906C>T variant of the FGD1 gene may underlay the Aarskog-Scott syndrome in this child. Above finding has enabled diagnosis for the boy.
Child ; Dwarfism ; Face/abnormalities* ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked ; Genitalia, Male/abnormalities* ; Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/genetics* ; Hand Deformities, Congenital/genetics* ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation

Objective: To study the effects of atmospheric fine particulate pollution on the lung function of primary school students before and after heating during the winter in Zhengzhou. Methods: In Zhengzhou, two areas with low and high level of PM 2.5 pollution(A and B), were selected as monitoring points from 2016 to 2018. Each monitoring station selected one elementary school within around 1 km and used a cluster random sampling method to extract students from grades 3 to 5 as the research subjects. Lung function tests were conducted before and after heating in winter, and mass concentration of PM 2.5 were recorded daily and compared to those recorded one month prior. Results: The average daily mass concentration of PM 2.5 were 74 μg/m 3 and 92 μg/m 3 in the light pollution monitoring points A and the heavy pollution monitoring points B, which exceeded the standard for 97 and 126 days, respectively. The FVC and FEV1.0 indexes for the first test of male students before heating were higher than those for the second test from 2016-2018 (P<0.05). Except in 2016,the FVC and FEV1.0 indexes for the first test of female students were also higher than those for the second test (P<0.05). After stratified by sex,multivariate linear regression showed that PM 2.5 was associated with lung function as measured by the FEV1.0, PEF, FEF25 and FEF75 values of the students were negatively correlated (B=-0.13--0.07,-0.13--0.08,P<0.05). Conclusion Fine particulate air pollution before and after heating during the winter in Zhengzhou had different effects on the lung function of primary school students. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the respiratory health protection of primary school students in winter to protect their health.

Objective To investigate whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV),independently and jointly with the level of body mass index(BMI),affect the risk of incident diabetes with hypertension. Methods The effects of baPWV and BMI level on incident diabetes with hypertension were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves (log-rank test) and multi logistical regression models after adjustment for various confounding factors. Results A total of 2 222 participants were recruited in this study. Higher baPWV (Q4) was associated with a greater risk of incident diabetes with hypertension simultaneously compared with baPWV in the lower quartiles(Q1-Q3),with HR 4.16(95% CI 2.14,8.09)in the crude model,2.52(95% CI 1.10,5.78) in modelI,and 2.45(95% CI 1.05, 5.70)in modelⅡ.The highest risk of diabetes with hypertension simultaneously was in the group with high baPWV and BMI≥25 kg/m2,with HR 11.50(95% CI 4.5,29.9)in the crude model,4.20(95% CI 1.4,13.1)in modelI,and 4.30(95% CI 1.4,13.3) in modelⅡ. Conclusions The joint effect of baPWV and BMI level on incident diabetes with hypertension simultaneously is a better predictor than their independent effect. The risk of incident diabetes with hypertension markedly increases in the subjects with BMI≥25 kg/m2and higher baPWV.

Objective To explore the collagen, typeⅠ, α 1 chain ( COL1A1) gene mutation in a family with type 1 osteogenesis imperfect. Methods The medical records and DNA samples of an osteogenesis imperfect patient and her family members were collected, and their DNA sequencing were performed and compared with 50 non-relative healthy control from the same area. Results The proband and her three family members ( father, younger brother, and younger nephew) with clinical features of osteogenesis imperfect as well as prolactinoma were confirmed of COL1A1 gene mutation at the 24th intron with a shear mutation of c. 1669-1 G＞A which was not reported previously. Other family members were genetically normal compared with the normal. Conclusions We found a new COL1A1 gene mutation family and mutation site, but the relationship between osteogenesis imperfect and prolactinoma was unknown.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility, safety and short-term clinical outcomes of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE).

METHODSClinical data of 17 patients with esophageal cancer who received RAMIE between April 2016 and July 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe age of the patients ranged from 44 to 83. Six patients received neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy while 11 patients underwent surgery alone. All patients were performed by the robot-assisted thoraco-laparoscopic minimally invasive esophagectomy. In-hospital mortality was 0%. None was converted to open transthoracic or laparotomy approach. In the neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy group, 3 patients received pathological complete response while 2 patients were stage II(A and 1 patient was stage II(B. In the surgery alone group, 1 patient was stage I(A, 3 patients were stage II(A, 5 patients were stage II(B, 1 patient was stage III(A and 1 patient was stage III(B. The mean operation time was 195 minutes (range 145 to 305 minutes). The mean blood loss was 60 ml (range 30 to 200 ml). Mean lymph node harvest was 28 nodes. The rate of radical resection was 100%. Median ICU stay was 4.5 days (range 1 to 36 days), and median overall postoperative hospital stay was 15.2 days(range 9 to 45 days). Postoperative complication occurred in 4 (23.5%) patients, including 3 (17.6%) of lung lesion, 2 (11.8%) of hoarseness, 1 (5.9%) of chylothorax, while no anastomotic leakage and arrhythmia was observed.

CONCLUSIONRAMIE for esophageal cancer is feasible and safe with favorable early outcomes.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; statistics & numerical data ; Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Esophagectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; methods ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; adverse effects ; methods ; Treatment Outcome