Objective To analyze the research status and trend of scarlet fever literature in China, and to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Three major Chinese databases, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, as well as Web of Science English database, were used to search for literature related to scarlet fever from 2000 to 2023. Citespace6.2.R2 software was used to statistically analyze the number of publications, authors, institutions and journals, co-cited literature, keyword clustering, and other literature characteristics of the literature. Results From 2000 to 2023, a total of 1 011 Chinese literature were included in the three major Chinese databases. Since 2011, the number of publications had gradually increased, but in recent years, the number of publications had decreased. The organization with the most publications was the Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The cluster analysis of key words mainly formed 9 cluster tags, and the high-frequency keywords mainly included epidemic characteristics, epidemiology, incidence rate, etc. A total of 84 English literature were included in the WOS database, with an overall upward trend in publication volume. The institution with the most publications was the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the most frequently cited journal was ^“LANCET INFECT DIS^”.《Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study》 was the most cited journal. After keyword cluster analysis, 9 cluster labels were mainly formed, and the keywords were mainly outbreak，Hong Kong, and Group A streptococcus. Conclusion Compared with the English literature, which mainly focuses on spatiotemporal aggregation, etiology and strain resistance, Chinese literature focuses more on epidemic surveillance, clinical features and quality nursing.

Objective:To explore the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HAGLR in breast cancer and its effect on the prognosis of breast cancer, and to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network.Methods:The Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology website was used to search for HAGLR chromosome gene mapping and transcript expression. The lnclocater website was used to predict the subcellular localization of HAGLR, and the differential expression of HAGLR in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was analyzed by using lnCAR database. The patients in lnCAR database were divided into HAGLR high expression group and HAGLR low expression according to HAGLR expression. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS) and metastasis-free survival, which was verified by using UCSC Xena database. lnCAR database was used to search the co-expressed genes of HAGLR. The top 200 co-expressed genes were submitted to the Metascape website for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis, and protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed. Starbase, a bioinformatics online analysis website, was used to predict HAGLR targeting mircoRNA (miRNA) and mRNA that directly encoded proteins. ceRNA network of HAGLR was constructed with Cytoscape3.8 software.Results:HAGLR gene was localized in 2q31.1 and mainly distributed in cytoplasm. The expression level of HAGLR in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). lnCAR database and UCSC Xena database analysis showed that OS in HAGLR high expression group was worse than that in HAGLR low expression group (all P < 0.01). lnCAR database, the metastasis-free survival in HAGLR high expression group was worse than that in HAGLR low expression group ( P = 0.030). Among the top 200 HAGLR co-expressed genes, 129 genes were negatively correlated with HAGLR and 71 genes were positively correlated with HAGLR. KEGG pathway analysis showed that HAGLR was related to metabolic pathways, MAPK signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway and cancer pathway. GO annotation analysis showed that HAGLR was mainly enriched in cell cycle, centromeric complex assembly, mitotic progression, protein kinase binding, kinase activity regulation, cell response to DNA damage stimulation and other functions. hsa-miR-130b-3p, hsa-miR-1245b-5p, hsa-miR-182b-5p, hsa-miR-512-3p, hsa-miR-302b-3p, hsa-miR-185b-5p, hsa-miR-106b-5p were HAGLR targeting miRNA. Conclusions:HAGLR is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues, and it may be a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective To optimize the measurement and analysis method for carbon-14 in environmental biological samples, and to provide technical support for the formulation of standard methods for carbon-14 measurement in environmental biological samples. Methods Through the optimization research on the carbon dioxide absorption method, the moisture content and carbon content of biological samples were measured with the moisture meter and the element analyzer according to the simplified personnel operation and the optimized process steps of the method, and intra- and inter-laboratory validation of the method was carried out. Results Under typical conditions, the lower limit of detection of the method reached 3 Bq/kg, and there were a relative standard deviation within laboratories of less than 17% and a relative standard deviation between laboratories of less than 14%, with a relative error of less than 19%. Most of the sample pretreatment was directly completed by the instrument and equipment, which improved the precision and accuracy of the measurement of moisture content and carbon content in samples, and reduced the influence of experiment personnel’s operation differences on the test results. Conclusion The lower limit of detection, precision, and accuracy of the optimized method meet the relevant requirements for the determination of carbon-14 in biological samples.

Volume dynamics is a two-compartment dynamical model using hemoglobin (Hb) derived plasma diluted level as input data and urine output as input variable through consecutive repeated measurements of Hb concentration in the blood during infusion. It could be applied to evaluate and guide crystalloid fluid rehydration for patients with dehydration or hypovolemia and during anesthesia or surgery. Volume dynamics could be also used to quantificate of strains, hypovolume, and the change of fluid distribution and elimination caused by anesthesia or surgery. The factors which influence the volume resuscitation are complex, including gender, age, hemodynamic state [mean arterial pressure (MAP)], health and stress state, renal function, consciousness, surgical or anesthesia state and so on, which may affect the half-life, distribution, and volume of the fluid. This article summarizes and analyzes the pathophysiological changes of crystalloids fluid in vivo, in order to provide reference for volume management in critically ill patients.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 58 is rare, caused by pathogenic variations in KIF1C gene. Here, a case diagnosed in Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, was reported. The 15-year-old female suffered tremor in bilateral upper limbs which was aggravated gradually since age 8. Cerebellar ataxia, positive pyramidal tract sign and dystonic tremor were prominent on physical examination. The brain magnetic resonance imaging showed T 2-hyperintense signals in bilateral pyramidal tracts, optic radiations and superior cerebellar peduncles, with mild cerebellar atrophy. Whole exon sequencing revealed the unreported homozygous c.425_426delTG (p.V142Gfs*10) mutation which was presumed pathogenic.

Objective:To investigate the genetic characteristics of pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes mellitus (PCDM) and screen out the possible molecular markers for PCDM.Methods:The clinical data of pancreatic cancer (PC) cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were selected and collected, and the patients were divided into PCDM( n=11) and PC groups( n=109) according to whether the patients were diagnosed as diabetes within 2 years of PC diagnosis. Then, the mRNA microarray data of genome expression were extracted from TCGA PC cohort, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out by the " limma" package of R software based on (|log2 fold change|>2 and P<0.05). The functions of DEGs were revealed with gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with the STRING database, and the hub genes were identified by the molecular complex detection (MCODE) module of Cytoscape software. Results:The analysis showed that among 20 531 genes, 47 genes were significantly upregulated, and 60 genes were significantly downregulated in the PCDM group. GO analyses revealed that 107 DEGs were mainly involved in the positive regulation of secretory function in terms of biological function (gene number=9, P<0.01); in the regulation of receptor function of molecular function (gene number=10, P<0.01); and in the intracavitary components of cytoplasmic microtubules of cellular components (gene number=8, P<0.01). The results of KEGG pathway enrichments revealed that DEGs mainly affected PCDM via cytokine interactions (gene number=8, P<0.01). Finally, five hub genes, including GNG8, CNR2, GALR2, CXCL13, and NPY2R, were identified for PCDM in PPI network analysis. Conclusions:The feature genes of PCDM are mainly different from PC in terms of secretion function, receptor function, cytoplasmic microtubule composition, and cytokine interaction. Five genes including GNG8, CNR2, GALR2, CXCL13, and NPY2R may become potential molecular markers for PCDM.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of extremely severe burn patients complicated with severe inhalation injury caused by dust explosion. Methods: The medical records of 13 extremely severe burn patients complicated with severe inhalation injury in August 2nd Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident, who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University on August 2nd, 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. The following indicators were collected: (1) Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at post admission hour (PAH) 24. (2) Prognosis, death time, causes of death, and the mortality of patients with different sexes. (3) The number of times of airway electronic bronchoscopy, airway characteristics, and the corresponding onset time. (4) The number and result of microorganism culture of lesion tissue during the leukoplakia formation stage. Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with and without leukoplakia in airway mucosa. Fisher′s exact probability test was used to detect the mortality of patients with different sexes. Kappa test was used to detect the relevancy between leukoplakia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results: (1) The APACHE Ⅱ score of patients of this group at PAH 24 was (19±3) points, and the SOFA score was (12±3) points. (2) Eight patients survived, while 5 patients died, and the time of death was 19-46 (34±10) d after injury. The main cause of death was multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, which was secondary to severe infection. One of the 7 male patients and 4 of the 6 female patients died, but there was no significantly statistical difference in mortality between patients of the two sexes (P>0.05). (3) Airway electronic bronchoscopy was performed 4-25 (10±5) times among patients of this group. Hyperemia and edema were found in the airway mucosa of all the 13 patients 2-3 weeks after injury; ulcer was found in the airway mucosa of 5 patients 2-4 weeks after injury; leukoplakia was found in the airway mucosa of 7 patients 4-14 weeks after injury; granulation formed in the airway mucosa of 7 patients 10-15 weeks after injury, and airway patency was affected, which was solved after local clamping or replacement of lengthened tracheal cannula. (4) During the leukoplakia formation stage, 19 cases of microorganism culture were performed basing on airway lesion tissue, and the results were 15 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5 cases of Acinetobacter baumannii, 2 cases of Serratia marcescens, as well as 1 case of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia, and Proteus mirabilis each. Among 7 patients with airway mucosa leukoplakia, 6 patients were detected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among 6 patients without airway mucosa leukoplakia, 1 patient was detected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The appearance of leukoplakia was consistent with the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Kappa=0.69, P<0.05). Conclusions Most of these extremely severe burn patients complicated with severe inhalation injury caused by dust explosion survived, and there was no significant gender difference in mortality. Electronic bronchoscopy showed that the early manifestations of airway mucosa were hyperemia and edema, followed by varying degrees of erosion, ulcer, leukoplakia, and granulation formation, etc. Leukoplakia may be relevant to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

This study was aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the neuropsychiatric comorbidity in the process of "stress"-"inflammation"-"comorbidity",from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) basic theory in combination with our previous 20-year findings.Notably,the neural-psychiatric comorbidity between psychiatric disorders,including depression,schizophrenia and anxiety,and systemic diseases,such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer's disease (AD) and asthma,have something in common in the pathophysiological mechanism.The stress-induced structural and functional changes in the brain,the stress-initiated diversely structural and neurobiological changes in neurocircuitry,and the stress-mediated neurochemical alterations in neurotransmitter are considered to be involved in the common pathophysiological mechanisms in the neural-psychiatric comorbidity,which initiates a cascade of physiological and psychological processes that contributes to the development of various types of neuropsychiatric disorders.Accordingly,it will be of great significance to investigate mechanisms underlying the neuropsychiatric comorbidity in the process of "stress"-"inflammation"-"comorbidity" under the guidance of the basic theory of "treating disease from the root" and "same treatment for different diseases" in TCM.

Objective To detect the small molecular metabolite profiles of urine from patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in different severity,and screen the differential metabolites that have potential diagnostic value for AP and its severity.Methods Urine samples were collected from 65 AP patients (MSAP and SAP 29,MAP 36) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,and 25 healthy volunteers served as controls.The liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS) combined method was used to detect urine small molecule metabolites of AP patients and healthy controls.Multivariate statistical analysis was used to establish and validate the principal component analysis (PCA) model and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) model to select the differential metabolites.Results PCA model had a good degree of interpretation (R2X ＞0.5),and each group of urine samples showed a good distinction between clustering trends,and good classification models were obtained.In the PLS-DA model,the differences among groups were further highlighted,and samples of each group showed distinct differentiation between clusters,with high predictability (Q2 ＞ 0.7).The model was reliable and effective indicated by the PLS-DA permutation test.17 differential metabolites were screened out by comparing AP with control.A diagnostic model constructed with 7 differential metabolites including nonanedioic acid,succinic acid semialdehyde,D-beta-hydroxy butyric acid,acetylcarnitine,angelic acid,sebacic acid and hippuric acid had a high diagnostic value for AP,with the sensitivity of 100％ and the specificity of 94％.Then control,MAP and MSAP + SAP group were compared with each other,and it was found that the model integrating urine succinic acid semialdehyde,angelic acid,D (-)-beta-hydroxy butyric acid,malic acid and acetylcarnitine had a good diagnostic value for SAP,with the sensitivity and specificity of both 90％.Conclusions LC-MS metabolomics can effectively identify the changes of urine metabolism in patients with different severity of AP.The screened differential metabolites have the potential clinical value in the diagnosis and classification of AP.

Objective To explore the correlations of the MRI findings and its pathological typing in the focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) .Methods MR images of 74 patients with FCD confirmed by operation and histopathologic examination were analysed retro‐spectively .MRI findings with FCD were divided into three subtypes including radial band type ,hyperintensity type and mild type . The correlation of the FCD MRI findings and pathological typing is analysed .Results In 74 patients with FCD ,there were radial band type in 12 cases ,hyperintensity type in 32 cases ,and mild type in 30 cases respectively .M RI finding of radial band type FCD showed a tail of increased T2WI/FLAIR signal tapering down to the lateral ventricle .Hyperintensity type FCD showed increased T2 WI/FLAIR signal in the cortex and subcortical white matter ,accompanied with focal cortical thickening .Mild type FCD showed T2 WI/FLAIR subtle hyperintense signal in cortex with or without focal cortical thickening ,but there was no hyperintense signal in subcortical white matter .Most of radial band type FCD were ⅡB in pathology .Most of hyperintensity FCD were ⅡA and ⅡB .Mild type FCD was more found to beⅠA orⅠB .Conclusion Analysing MRI features would improve the accurate diagnosis of FCD and help to infer the pathological type .