Objective:To understand the current status of transition shock and risk perception of nursing profession among undergraduate nursing students, and to explore the correlation between transition shock and risk perception of nursing profession.Methods:In May 2023, convenience sampling was employed to survey 140 undergraduate nursing students from the School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University as the research subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, Nurse Risk Perception Questionnaire and Transition Shock Scale.Results:The final valid questionnaire was 133 copies. Among 133 internship nursing students, there were 23 males and 110 females. The total score of risk perception of nursing profession among undergraduate nursing students was (90.77 ± 16.48), while the total score for transition shock was (47.22 ± 7.14). A significant positive correlation was found between risk perception of nursing profession and transition shock ( r=0.589, P<0.01). Transition shock was identified as a factor influencing risk perception of nursing profession among undergraduate nursing students ( t=8.47, P<0.01). Conclusions:The risk perception of nursing profession and transition shock among undergraduate nursing students were at a moderate level and positively correlated. Nursing managers should take proactive measures to alleviate the challenges faced by interns during the transition process, diminish their apprehension towards the nursing profession risk, and improve the quality of clinical internships.