BACKGROUND:Although researchers have noted that fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 shows great potential in rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction,there is a lack of reviews related to the potential mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the mechanism of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis by reviewing the relevant literature at both home and abroad. METHODS:We searched the CNKI database using the Chinese search terms"fibroblast growth factor receptor 1,rheumatoid arthritis,bone destruction,bone cells,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,chondrocytes,macrophages,synovial fibroblasts,T cells,vascular endothelial cells."PubMed database was searched using the English search terms"fibroblast growth factor receptor 1,rheumatoid arthritis,bone destruction,osteocytes,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,chondrocytes,macrophages,synovial fibroblasts,T cells,endothelial cells."The search period focused on April 1992 to January 2024.After screening the literature by reading titles,abstracts,and full texts,a total of 82 articles were finally included for review according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 was found to be widely expressed in bone tissue-associated cells,including osteoblasts,osteoclasts,and osteoclasts.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 affects bone remodeling and homeostasis by regulating the function of these cells,as well as promoting the onset and progression of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 is involved in the inflammatory response of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages and regulates angiogenesis of endothelial cells in synovial tissues.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 promotes bone destruction in several ways.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 may be a potential causative agent of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and provides a reference for further research on its therapeutic targets.

As a novel iron-dependent form of cell death, ferroptosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the cell membrane and peroxidation. Lipid droplets are always in the dynamic transition of generation and decomposition, play a central role in regulating lipid metabolism, and are always in the dynamic transition of generation and decomposition. Lipid droplet metabolism is closely related to the occurrence of ferroptosis and plays an important role in the disease caused by ferroptosis. This review firstly focuses on the lipid droplet metabolism process and its effects on the storage and release of PUFA, and further elucidates the regulatory mechanism and key regulatory proteins of lipid drop metabolism on ferroptosis, in order to reveal the intrinsic relationship between lipid droplets and ferroptosis, and provide a new strategy for disease prevention and treatment.

Cells undergo glucose metabolism reprogramming under the influence of the inflammatory microenvironment, changing their primary mode of energy supply from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. This process is involved in all stages of inflammation-related diseases development. Glucose metabolism reprogramming not only changes the metabolic pattern of individual cells, but also disrupts the metabolic homeostasis of the body microenvironment, which further promotes aerobic glycolysis and provides favourable conditions for the malignant progression of inflammation-related diseases. The metabolic enzymes, transporter proteins, and metabolites of aerobic glycolysis are all key signalling molecules, and drugs can inhibit aerobic glycolysis by targeting these specific key molecules to exert therapeutic effects. This paper reviews the impact of glucose metabolism reprogramming on the development of inflammation-related diseases such as inflammation-related tumours, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer's disease, and the therapeutic effects of drugs targeting glucose metabolism reprogramming on these diseases.

Objective To design an exhalation valve reservior cup to solve the problems of removal of the condensate and prevention of aerosol diffusion.Methods The reservior cup was composed of a temporary storage bottle,a liquid collection bottle,a sealing mechanism and a connection mechanism.The temporary storage bottle was connected to the exhalation valve of the ventilator at the upper end,which was provided with an internal holding chamber for temporary storage of the condensate and a through hole at the bottom for connection to the outside.The mouth of the liquid collection bottle could be inserted into the through hole,and there are a number of side holes on the mouth.The sealing mechanism at the bottom of the temporary storage bottle was made up of a magnet and a magnetic sealing plate,of which,the magnet was on the bottom surface of the holding chamber and the magnetic sealing plate was adsorbed to the magnet to seal the through hole.The connection mechanism between the temporary storage bottle and the liquid collection bottle consisted of an annular sleeve,an internal thread and an external thread.Results The reservior cup facilitated timely elimination of the condensate in the ventilator pipeline without removing the access cover,maintaining mechanical ventilation during drainage for the ventilator-assisted therapy and minimizing the risk of aerosol diffusion in the operating area.Conclusion The reservoir cup with high convenience and safety eliminates the condensate quickly and shortens the retention time of bacteria in the ventilator pipeline effectively.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(9):115-117]

Objective:To investigate the optimal serum antibody titer in acute stage for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection by passive agglutination, and to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of different antibody titers.Methods:A cross-sectional study.Eighty-eight pairs of clinical serum samples were collected from children with MP infection treated at the Department of Pediatrics in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from December 2016 to February 2017 and Children′s Hospital of Baotou in November 2019.The four-fold change of the double serum specific antibody titer was used as the gold standard, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted.When detecting the single serum in acute stage, different antibody titers were used as positive criteria to evaluate their clinical application value in the diagnosis of MP infection and find the most appropriate serum antibody titer as the diagnostic cut-off value.Results:(1)When the serum specific antibody titer ≥1∶40 was used as the positive criterion, the sensitivity was 72.9%, the area under the ROC curve was 0.817, and the specificity was 87.5%, which might cause overdiagnosis.When the serum specific antibody titer ≥1∶160 was used as the positive criterion, the specificity was 97.5%, the area under the ROC curve was 0.775, and the sensitivity was 52.1%, which might cause missed diagnosis.When the serum specific antibody titer ≥1∶80 was used as the positive criterion, the sensitivity was 60.4%, the specificity was 97.5%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.823, overall performing better compared with the said two criteria.(2)After the disease lasted at least 5 days, blood samples were collected.About 72.5% of the children had antibodies, and 60.0% of the children had antibody titers ≥1∶80.Conclusions:(1)When the passive agglutination method is used to detect MP infection, antibody titer ≥1∶80 is recommended as the diagnostic standard.However, in clinical practice, the diagnosis of MP infection depends on clinical and other laboratory test results.(2) It is appropriate to collect blood samples on 5-7 days of illness.If MP infection is clinically suspected, and an antibody titer of 1∶40 is also suggestive, it can perform cooperative diagnosis based on molecular biology lab results or retest at a shorter interval.

Wastewater-based epidemiology(WBE)can effectively assess population health status,but it is lack of analytical methods which can simultaneously analyze a number of pharmaceuticals and biomarkers in wastewater.In this work,a method including sample pretreatment and instrumental detection for quantifying 83 kinds of pharmaceuticals and biomarkers in the influent of wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)was established by sing solid phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS).The water sample(200 mL)with 83 kinds of target compounds was divided into two aliquots,which were then enriched and purified using HLB columns at pH=6.7 and pH=2 respectively,followed by elution with 6 mL of methanol and 6 mL of methanol containing 2%(V/V)formic acid,respectively,and then dried by nitrogen blown,concentrated,and finally redissolved to 0.5 mL,filtered through a nylon filter(0.22 μm).The target compounds in the samples were determined using UPLC-MS/MS in electrospray ionization under both positive and negative ion multiple reaction monitoring modes,with quantification using the internal standard method.The method exhibited good linearity(r>0.996)for the 83 kinds of target compounds in the concentration range of 0.1-500 ng/mL,and intra-day and inter-day precisions were 1.2%-16.5%.The recoveries of target substances in pure water and influent samples from a WWTP were 51.6%-166.6%and 56.4%-150.1%,respectively,with relative standard deviations of 0.2%-31.9%and 0.3%-20.9%,respectively.The method detection limits of target compounds were 0.02-7.72 ng/L.This method was applied to determine pharmaceuticals and biomarkers in the influent samples of a WWTP in Guangzhou,and 54 kinds of pharmaceuticals and 4 kinds of biomarkers were detected.The concentrations of acetaminophen and erythromycin were the highest among the pharmaceuticals,1.6-3.4 μg/L and 0.6-1.1 μg/L,respectively.The concentration of caffeine was the highest among the biomarkers,i.e.,33.3-43.9 μg/L.This method had high sensitivity,good stability and accuracy,and was suitable for detection of pharmaceuticals and biomarkers in the influent of WWTP,which could provide analytical method support for conducting studies on WBE.

Objective To observe the value of CT radiomics for differentiating spinal bone islands(BI)and osteoblastic metastases(OBM).Methods Data of 109 BI lesions in 98 patients and 282 OBM lesions in 158 patients(including 103 OBM in 48 lung cancer cases,86 OBM in 52 breast cancer cases and 93 OBM in 58 prostate cancer cases)from 3 medical institutions were retrospectively analyzed.Data obtained from institution 1 were used as the internal dataset and divided into internal training set and internal validation set at a ratio of 7∶3,from institution 2 and 3 were used as external dataset.All datasets were divided into female data subset(including OBM of female lung cancer and breast cancer)and male data subset(including OBM of male lung cancer and prostate cancer).Radiomics features were extracted and screened to construct 3 different support vector machine(SVM)models,including model1 for distinguishing BI and OBM,model2 for differentiating OBM of female lung cancer and breast cancer,and model3 for differentiating OBM of male lung cancer and prostate cancer.Diagnostic efficacy of model1,CT value alone and 3 physicians(A,B,C)for distinguishing BI and OBM were assessed,as well as differentiating efficacy for different OBM of model2 and model3.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn,and area under the curves(AUC)were calculated and compared.The differential diagnostic efficacy of model2 and model3 were also assessed with ROC analysis and AUC.Results AUC of model1 for distinguishing spinal OBM from BI in internal training set,internal validation set and external dataset was 0.99,0.98 and 0.86,respectively.In internal training set,model1 had higher AUC for distinguishing BI and OBM than that of physician A(AUC=0.78),B(AUC=0.87)and C(AUC=0.93)as well as that of mean CT value(AUC=0.78,all P＜0.05).AUC in internal training set,internal validation set and external dataset of model2 for identifying female lung cancer and breast cancer OBM was 0.79,0.75 and 0.73,respectively,of model3 for discriminating male lung cancer from prostate cancer OBM was 0.77,0.74 and 0.77,respectively.Conclusion CT radiomics SVM model might reliablely distinguish OBM and BI.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the safety and effectiveness of 3D printing prefabricated nail path model assisted lumbosacral hemivertebra orthopaedic surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 8 patients with lumbosacral hemivertebra deformity admitted from January 2016 to July 2021, including 3 males and 5 females, aged 6 to 15 at the time of surgery. The hemivertebra of 4 cases located on the left side and 4 cases on the right side. The hemivertebra of 1 case located at L_2,3, 2 cases at L_3,4, 2 cases at L_4,5, and 3 cases at L₅S₁. Four cases were fully segmented hemivertebra and 4 cases were incomplete segmented hemivertebra. The patient CT data was imported into Mimics 21.0 software for modeling, and then the model data was imported into 3-Matic software. The vertebra requiring screw placement was selected to simulate the optimal screw placement angle and length, and the model was printed for preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance. All patients underwent orthopedic surgery with the aid of 3D printing preset nail path model. The safety and effectiveness of the 3D printing prefabricated nail tunnel model assisted lumbosacral hemivertebra orthopaedic surgery was evaluated by comparing the imaging parameters of the patients. The main outcome measures were the Cobb angle of the main curve, the Cobb angle of the proximal compensatory curve, the coronal balance index C₇ plumb line-center sacral vertical line(C₇PL-CSVL), the accuracy of nail placement, and the correction rate of scoliosis before surgery, 1 week and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: All of 8 patients were followed up for 13 to 31 months. A total of 98 pedicle screws were placed in 8 patients. The number of pedicle screw grades A, B, C, D, E was 38, 46, 10, 4, 0 screws. The screws of grade A and B were defined as good position, the accuracy rate of screw placement was 85.7%. The Cobb angle of the main curve were 21° to 38° before operation, 5° to 11° at 1 week after operation, 7°to 12° at 1 year after operation. The Cobb angle of the proximal compensatory curve were 16° to 39° befoer operation, 7° to 12 °at 1 week after operation, 7° to 14° at 1 year after operation, the correction effect remained good with no correction loss. The coronal balance index C7PL-CSVL were 20 to 35 mm before operation, 11 to 18 mm at 1 week after operation, 10 to 16 mm at 1 year after operation, the coronal imbalance improved. The scoliosis correction rate was 65.6% to 84.2% 1 week after surgery, and 61.9% to 81.6% 1 year after surgery. CONCLUSION The use of 3D printing prefixed nail tunnel model in lumbosacral hemivertebra osteotomy is safe and effective, and can significantly improve patients' local deformities. It is a reliable method to assist lumbar sacral hemivertebra osteotomy.
Humans ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Female ; Male ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Child ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Sacrum/abnormalities* ; Bone Nails ; Orthopedic Procedures/instrumentation*

In metabolic diseases, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress are closely associated with ferroptosis. As a key regulatory factor, the imbalance between glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism can participate in ferroptosis directly or indirectly, thereby regulating the occurrence and development of various metabolic diseases. The essence of ferroptosis is a new regulatory cell death mode, which is caused by the excessive accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxide. It is closely related to glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism, which plays an important role in metabolic diseases. This regulatory cell death mode is significantly distinguished from other programmed cell death modes and has unique changes in cell morphology, symbolic characteristics and mechanisms. This paper first illustrates the main mechanism of glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism imbalance in the occurrence of ferroptosis, then reviews the research progress of ferroptosis in tumor, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and other metabolic diseases, and finally reveals the internal connection between glycolysis-fatty acid metabolism imbalance and ferroptosis, as well as its impacts on metabolic diseases, which provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of ligustilide, the main active constituent of essential oils of traditional Chinese medicine Angelicae Sinensis Radix, on alleviating oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R) injury in PC12 cells from the perspective of ferroptosis. OGD/R was induced in vitro, and 12 h after ligustilide addition during reperfusion, cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. DCFH-DA staining was used to detect the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS). Western blot was employed to detect the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), transferrin receptor 1(TFR1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11), and ferritinophagy-related proteins, nuclear receptor coactivator 4(NCOA4), ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3). The fluorescence intensity of LC3 protein was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The content of glutathione(GSH), malondialdehyde(MDA), and Fe was detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The effect of ligustilide on ferroptosis was observed by overexpression of NCOA4 gene. The results showed that ligustilide increased the viability of PC12 cells damaged by OGD/R, inhibited the release of ROS, reduced the content of Fe and MDA and the expression of TFR1, NCOA4, and LC3, and improved the content of GSH and the expression of GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1 compared with OGD/R group. After overexpression of the key protein NCOA4 in ferritinophagy, the inhibitory effect of ligustilide on ferroptosis was partially reversed, indicating that ligustilide may alleviate OGD/R injury of PC12 cells by blocking ferritinophagy and then inhibiting ferroptosis. The mechanism by which ligustilide reduced OGD/R injury in PC12 cells is that it suppressed the ferroptosis involved in ferritinophagy.
Animals ; Rats ; PC12 Cells ; Ferroptosis/genetics* ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Transcription Factors ; Glutathione