This paper summarizes Professor LIU Fengbin's clinical experience in treating autoimmune liver disease （AILD） using the method of nourishing yin and removing stasis based on stage differentiation. He believes that the pathogenesis of AILD generally involves both deficiency in essence and excess in manifestation， with essence deficiency often presenting as liver and kidney yin deficiency， which may progress to spleen deficiency and yang deficiency over time. The excess manifestation commonly includes qi stagnation， blood stasis， damp-heat， and phlegm toxicity. Clinically， he advocates for the treatment principle of nourishing yin and removing stasis. On the foundation of nourishing liver and kidney yin， different pathological factors causing stasis are eliminated according to their nature. Treatment is also tailored to different stages of AILD. In the early and asymptomatic stages， liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency are prominent， warranting a therapeutic approach of soothing the liver， regulating qi and strengthening the spleen. The modified Chaishao Qizhi Decoction （柴芍气滞汤） is used. During the symptomatic stage， pathogenic factors become more pronounced， often accompanied by a significant deficiency of vital qi， with damp-heat， water retention， and phlegm toxicity as key pathological features. The treatment should focus on strengthening the spleen and dispelling dampness， using modified Sijunzi Decoction （四君子汤） combined with Yinchen Wuling Powder （茵陈五苓散）. In the liver function decompensation stage， vital qi is severely deficient while pathogenic factors persist， with damp-heat， phlegm toxicity， and blood stasis obstructing the liver collaterals. Treatment should focus on nourishing blood， softening the liver， strengthening the spleen， and resolving stasis， using the modified Ruangan Yangxue Decoction （软肝养血汤）. Throughout the treatment process， emphasis is placed on tonifying the liver and kidneys while protecting yin fluids.

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders,of which diarrhea-predominant IBS(IBS-D)accounts for the largest proportion.The pathogenesis of IBS-D is complicated and diverse,and there is currently a lack of clinically effective drugs.The establishment of animal models is an essential tool for further studies of the disease mechanisms,evaluation of clinical efficacy,and drug development,and the preparation and evaluation standards of models are important factors affecting the quality of the research.Based on the currently accepted pathogenesis of IBS-D and the previous modeling experience of our research group,this review systematically summarizes the evaluation method used in animal models of IBS-D in terms of diarrhea observation,visceral sensitivity tests,and intestinal motility tests,to provide a reference for future studies.

Two new neolignans and one new lignan (1-3) were obtained from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 was a racemic mixture and successfully resolved into the anticipated enantiomers via chiral-phase HPLC. Compound 3 demonstrated moderate inhibitory activity against human carboxylesterase 2A1 (hCES2A1) with an IC₅₀ value of 7.28 ± 0.94 μmol·^-1.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Humans ; Lignans/chemistry* ; Paeonia ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Stereoisomerism

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of primiparas’ intention to have a second child on their delivery mode. MethodsDuring March 1st， 2019 and November 30th， 2020， the enrolled pregnant women were investigated by questionnaires at two points， first trimester pregnancy registration and post-natal visit at maternal and child healthcare community centers of Xuhui District. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of willingness of a second birth and their mode of delivery. Results2 000 questionnaires were distributed and 1 664 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The overall cesarean delivery rate in nulliparous women was 40.08% （667/1 664）， with 8.95% （149/1 664） of non-medical indication cesarean delivery. Multiple Logistic regression analysis of overall delivery rate showed that age， willingness to have more children in the future， plan of vaginal delivery at first questionnaire， and complications during pregnancy were associated with overall cesarean delivery rate， and women without the willingness to have more children in the future were more likely to undergo cesarean delivery （OR=1.350， 95%CI： 1.052-1.732）. Age， whether to have a second child in the future， plan of vaginal delivery at first questionnaire， and complications during pregnancy were all factors associated with increased risks of non-medical indicated cesarean delivery， while women with no plan of a second child in the future had nearly 2 times of risk of non-medical indicated cesarean delivery （OR=1.909， 95%CI： 1.117-3.262）. ConclusionThe mode of delivery is affected by many factors， among which willingness to have more children in the future is an important factor associated with increased risks of overall cesarean delivery and non-medical indicated cesarean delivery.

Objective To test the the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the adult haemophilia activities list (HAL).Methods A Chinese version of the HAL was prepared by translation,back-translation and revision.Adult hemophilia patients were used to test it and a short-form arthritis impact measurement scale (AIMS-SF) simultaneously.A total of 98 valid questionnaires were collected.The internal consistency,reliability,split-half reliability,content validity,construct validity and convergent validity were tested.Results The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total questionnaire and its dimensions were all 0.7 or more.The half-reliability test produced a Spearman.correlation coefficient of 0.97.The Pearson correlation coefficients relating each dimension score with the total score and each dimension's entry score with the dimension score were all greater than 0.6.The correlation coefficient between the dimensions of the two questionnaires was smaller than the correlation coefficients relating each dimension with the total scale.There was relatively good correlation between the HAL sum score and the AIMS2-SF sum score (r=0.640,P≤0.01),as well as between the HAL sum score and the AIMS2-SF physical score (r=0.576,P≤0.01).Conclusion The Chinese version of the adult HAL has good reliability and validity.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the quality of life and joint health status of adult hemophilia patients. Methods Forty-nine adult hemophilia patients were selected.The quality of life and joint health status of patients were evaluated by hemophilia-specific health related quality of life questionnaire for adults (Hemo-QOL-A) and hemophilia joint health score (HJHS). Results The Hemo-QOL-A score of adult hemophilia patients was (39.34 ± 18.97) scores, and HJHS score was(33.16 ± 13.17)scores.The Pearson correlation analysis result showed that Hemo-QOL-A score was positively related with HJHS score (r = 0.490, P<0.05), and Hemo-QOL-A score was positively correlated with muscular condition,joint activity and joint friction sound score of HJHS score(r=0.469, 0.396 and 0.290; P<0.05). Hemo-QOL-A score was not correlated with swelling, swelling duration, arthralgia and gait of HJHS score (P>0.05). In 294 joints of 49 patients, the total abnormal rate of the joint was 82.7%(243/294),the abnormal rate of the elbow joint was 72.4%(71/98),the abnormal rate of the knee joint was 90.8%(89/98),and the abnormal rate of ankle joint was 84.7%(83/98).Conclusions Decreased joint health status, mainly including the surrounding muscle condition and joint mobility, results in lower quality of life in patients with hemophilia.

Objective To explore the effects of nursing management based on plan-do-check-action (PDCA) on side effects and life quality after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in acute leukemia patients with chemotherapy.Methods From January 2017 to January 2018, we selected 96 acute leukemia patients in Hematology Department of He'nan Provincial People's Hospital as subjects by convenience sampling. All of the patients were divided into observation group and control group with the random number table, 48 cases in each group. Control group carried out routine nursing care, while observation group received nursing management based on PDCA. And then, we recorded and compared the indwelling time of PICC, hospital stay, complications and the incidence of side effects of patients between two groups. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Quality of Life Index (QLI) were used to evaluated patients' anxiety, depression and life quality three days before intervention and one month after intervention. The self-designed questionnaire was used to assess the quality of special nursing in two groups.Results The indwelling time of PICC and hospital stay of observation group were shorter than those of control group with statistical differences (P<0.01). Before intervention, there was no statistical difference in the scores of SAS, SDS and QLI (P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of SAS and SDS of observation group were lower than those of control group; and the scores of QLI and dimension scores of the quality of special nursing of observation group were higher than those of control group; the differences were all statistical (P<0.01). The incidences of complications and side effects of observation group were statistically lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Nursing management based on PDCA can effectively decrease the occurrence risk of side effects and complications after PICC among acute leukemia patients with chemotherapy, improve patients' life quality and emotional state which has clinical application and promotion value.

After the connotation of the standard system for digitalization of ancient medical documents was analyzed, its construction principles were elaborated with measures proposed for how to construct it.

With the deeper understanding of tumor , more and more evidence indicates that the occurrence and development of tumors are closely related to the body′s immune function .More and more researches focus on tumor immunology to find an effective way of enhancing anti-tumor immunity . Radiotherapy has played an important role in anti-tumor immunity recently though it was believed as a traditional treatment for cancer before .Radiotherapy could convert a cold tumor into a hot tumor, which might ameliorate immune suppressive microenvironment , improve tumor immunogenicity and activate the cellular immune response .However, the abscopal effectof single radiotherapy is very rare . Immunotherapy is capable of enhancing the immune response produced by radiotherapy .In this paper , the basic theory and clinical practice of radiotherapy and immunotherapy were reviewed and the related clinical strategies were summarized .

Objective To explore the effect of community family nursing intervention on glycemic control of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Ninety-two patients with type 2 diabetes after discharge in 6 communities of Tianhe District in Guangzhou were divided into a study group and a control group , 46 cases in each . The control group received routine care , while patients in the study group received additional community family nursing intervention, including personalized health education, diabetes family day and sharing, telephone follow-up and family home visits. The fasting plasma glucose, 2h-postprandial glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c were compared. Results There were no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose, 2h-postprandial glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (all P>0.05). After intervention, there were significant differences in the three eridoxes between the two groups(all P<0.05). Conclusion The community family nursing intervention is of great importance to control the blood glucose, improve the therapeutic compliance and self-management ability in patients with type 2 diabetes.