Objective:To explore the significance of laparoscopic virtual reality simulation training by analyzing the learning curve of laparoscopic cholecystectomy among young general surgeons who had participated in laparoscopic skills training at our hospital.Methods:Fifty young surgeons were divided into two groups, with the intervention group participating in virtual reality simulation training and the control group participating in traditional laparoscopic clinical training. After completion of the training, 30 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed under the supervision of highly qualified surgeons with extensive laparoscopic experience. CUSUM analysis was applied to plot the trainees' surgical learning curve based on the completion rate, surgical score and operative time. " x" is the number of surgical cases and " k" is the slope. The value of x when k=0 was calculated and the surgical learning curves and intraoperative scores of the 2 groups of trainees were compared. SPSS 23.00 was performed for t-test and Chi-square test. Results:The intervention and control groups crossed the surgical learning curve at x=19.24±0.39 and x=21.72±0.73 respectively, with significant differences ( P<0.01); the intervention and control groups scored (10.82±2.73) and (9.71±2.69) for gallbladder exposure ( t=4.61, P<0.01), (12.59±3.12) and (8.87±2.99) for gallbladder dissection triangle ( t=6.21, P<0.01), and (10.69±3.38) and (8.80±3.55) for gallbladder dissection ( t=3.10, P<0.01). Conclusions:Virtual reality simulation training can facilitate the translation of basic laparoscopic training skills into clinical skills and can promote the growth of young general surgeons.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of modified Shishi Niubangzi Decoction combined with strengthening muscle-waist exercise on lumbar disc herniation (LDH).Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 60 patients with LDH admitted to the Pinggu Hospital, Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, were enrolled as the research objects between September 2020 and September 2021. According to the random number table, they were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, 30 in each group. Both groups were given routine basic treatments (strengthening tendons-waist exercise and three-position six-step manipulation). On this basis, the treatment group was treated with modified Shishi Niubangzi Decoction, while the control group was treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen codeine sustained-release tablets). Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The responsive rates, back pain intensity, leg pain and numbness by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and lumbar function by Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) were compared between the two groups.Results:The response rate of treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group (93.3% vs. 73.3%; χ2=4.32, P=0.038). After treatment, scores of JOA (subjective symptoms, signs, activities of daily living) in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t=3.86, 2.71, 2.21, P<0.05). After treatment, scores of back pain (2.12±0.21 vs. 3.02±0.32, t=12.88), leg pain (2.04±0.64 vs. 2.64±0.66, t=3.58), lower limb numbness (1.75±0.24 vs. 2.41±0.70, t=4.89) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). At 1 week and 1 month after treatment, ODI scores in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group ( t=10.22, 5.59; P<0.05). Conclusion:The modified Shishi Niubangzi Decoction combined with strengthening tendons-waist exercise can improve responsive rates, improve lumbar pain and function in LDH patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical application and manifestation of dynamic contrastenhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in differentiating true progession from pseudoprogression in patients with gliobastomas.Methods Twenty five glioma patients were treated with postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy and enrolled in this study.All patients were underwent DCE-MRI using a 1.5T scanner.Fifteen patients were confimmed by secondary pathology or clinical and imaging follow-up of patients with gliomas true progession (TP),10 patients were pseudoprogress (PP).Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used to compare perfusion parameters between two groups (TP and PP),were used for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to clear if these parameters can be the indicators to differentiate true progession from pseudoprogression.Results Ktrans (volume transfer constant),Ve (fractional volume of extravascular extracellular) values between TP and PP glioma groups were statistically significant,K and Ve values were significantly higher in the TP group than in the PP group (P ＜ 0.05).The areas under the ROC curve are 0.990 and 0.847,respectively.Kep (efflux rate constant) value,Vp (fractional volume of plasma) value in the identification of glioma TP group and PP group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions DCE-MRI can be used to identify glioma TP and PP,Ktrans value and Ve value have clinical significance.

Objective To investigate the optimal condition for the detection of anti-non-galactose (Gal) xenoantigen and antibody in human serum.Mehtods Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) obtained from Wuzhishan miniature pig models with α-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout (GTKO) were used as target cells,mixed and incubated with healthy human serum of different concentrations (4.8％,16.7％ and 100％) for 0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0 and 6.0 h,respectively.The abilities of PBMC to bind with IgM and IgG were detected by flow cytometry.Results At the serum concentration of 16.7％,the ability ofnon-Gal IgM to bind with PBMC was significantly enhanced from 0.5 h to 3.0 h incubation (P＜0.01),whereas no statistical significance was noted in terms of IgG (P＞0.05).Increasing serum concentration could also enhance the ability of non-Gal IgM to bind with PBMC.At the serum concentration of 100％ and incubation for 3 h,the ability of IgM to bind with PBMC was the highest among all groups (P＜0.01).At the serum concentration of 100％ and incubation for 6 h,the ability of IgG to bind with PBMC was significantly enhanced (P＜0.05).Prolonging incubation time and increasing serum concentration did not affect the activity of PBMC.Conclusions The optimal condition for detection of anti-non-Gal xenoantigen and antibody is determined.A quantity of 1×105 PBMC from pig should be incubated with 100％ human serum for 3 h for detection of IgM level,or incubated with 100％ human serum for 6 h for measurement of IgG level.This optimized condition contributes to screening the donor pigs which lowly express non-Gal antigen.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the efficacy of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer in rural population in high risk areas of upper gastrointestinal cancer in Henan province.

METHODSSubjects aged 40-69 years in the high risk areas were selected to participate in the endoscopic screening based on the cluster sampling, and screening-positive subjects were sampled for pathological examination. The data of screening were summarized and the detection rates of severe chronic atrophic gastritis, severe intestinal metaplasia, low grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade intraepithelial neoplasia, early and middle-late cancer were calculated, and the constituent ratio of early cancer cases was calculated. The detection rates and early diagnosis rates for the first round screening and follow-up screening were compared.

RESULTSIn the 5 years, a total of 88 263 subjects were endoscopically examined in the first round screening and 4 004 subjects were diagnosed with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia or above (the detection rate was 4.54%), in which 3 256 cases were with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (the detection rate of 3.69%), 366 cases with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (the rate of 0.41%), 199 cases with early cancer (the rate of 0.22%) and 183 cases with middle-late cancer (the rate of 0.21%). The number of cases of high grade intraepithelial neoplasia and early cancer was 565 and the early diagnosis rate was 75.53%. 1 894 subjects with severe chronic atrophic gastritis, severe intestinal metaplasia and low grade intraepithelial were followed up with a compliance of 66.32%. A total of 45 cases of early cancer were diagnosed, with a detection rate of 2.38% and early diagnosis rate of 100%. The detection rate and early diagnosis rate in the follow-up screening were both statistically significantly higher than that in the first round screening (P<0.01 for both).

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer is significant in high risk areas of upper gastrointestinal cancer, and improving the quality of follow-up screening will achieve a better performance of the screening.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma in Situ ; diagnosis ; pathology ; China ; Chronic Disease ; Early Detection of Cancer ; statistics & numerical data ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; diagnosis ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Rural Population ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate effect of screening of esophageal cancer at rural areas in Henan province.

METHODSAt rural areas with high incidence of upper gastrointestinal carcinoma in Henan province total of 88,263 persons with 40 to 69 years old were set to the target population of the screening by the 12 cities and countries and endoscope and pathology diagnosis were performed during 2009-2013. For patients with precancerous lesions, follow-up visits were conducted and defined as follows: once in three years for patients with mild dysplasia, once per year for moderate hyperplasia patients, the patients with severe intraepithelial neoplasia/carcinoma in situ should be treat, at least once per year for those one who didn't under treatment. The result data of screening were summarized and detection rates of esophagus hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, early and middle-late cancer were calculated, as well as the early diagnosis rate. The result between first round and follow-up screening was compared.

RESULTSTarget population were examined in first round screening. There were 8,434 persons with above mild dysplasia and the detection rate was 9.56%, among them there were 7,224 (8.18%) cases with light-middle hyperplasia, 789 (0.89%) cases with serious dysplasia or cancer in situ, 239 (0.27%) cases with early cancer and 182 (0.21%) cases with middle-late cancer. The sum of serious dysplasia or cancer in situ and early cancer was 1 028 and the early detection rate was 84.96% (1,028/1,210). From 2012 to 2013, the follow-up screening for persons with light-middle hyperplasia which should be followed 4,230 cases, there were 2 853 people to take in screening and compliance was 67.45%. Total of 94 cases were diagnosed with cancer in situ or early cancer. The detection rate and the early detection rate were 3.29% and 100%, respectively. The rates of detection and early detection in phase of follow-up screening were statistically significantly higher than that in first round screening respectively (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONAt rural areas of high incidence upper gastrointestinal carcinoma in Henan province, the screening with endoscope had good effect and strengthening the follow-up screening could increase the effect.

Early Detection of Cancer ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Incidence ; Rural Population ; Time-to-Treatment

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between obesity and the risk of lung cancer and evaluate a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and incidence risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population.

METHODSA systematic literature search for BMI and incidence risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population, as well as through the reference lists of retrieved articles. The literature databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar. Time range was from the founding of each database to September 2014 and a total of 93 research papers were collected. Meta-analysis was conducted to calculate pooled odds ratio and corresponding 95% CI. Generalized least-squares regression methods were used to make a dose-response meta-analysis between BMI and incidence risk of lung cancer.

RESULTSSeven studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a number of 2 351 lung cancer cases. Results showed that obesity was inversely associated with lung cancer incidence (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.59-0.79) (heterogeneity test: I² = 0, P = 0.594). The association did not change with stratification by study design, sex, smoking status, BMI measurement method and study population. A linear dose-response association between BMI and risk of lung cancer was visually significant, and lung cancer risk would be reduced 21% for per 5 kg/m² BMI increase (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.89) (heterogeneity test: q = 22.43, P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONThe results of this meta-analysis indicated that higher BMI was a protective factor against lung cancer, but smoking may play a stronger role as a confounding factor for the most important role with lung cancer incidence.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Mass Index ; China ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; Protective Factors ; Risk ; Smoking

Objective To compare the efficacies of medicated thread moxibustion plus needle picking therapy versus medication for sciatica.Method Seventy sciatica patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 35 cases and a control group of 35 cases. The treatment group received medicated thread moxibustion on Zusanli (ST36), three cones once daily and needle picking at Yanglingquan (GB34) and Huantiao (GB30), once daily. The control group took quick-acting sciatica pills, two pills twice daily. One course of treatment consisted of 10 days in both groups. The therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups of patients after two consecutive courses of treatment.Result Posttreatment pain score decreased more markedly in the treatment group (P<0.01). The total efficacy rate was 88.6% in the treatment group and 57.1% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Medicated thread moxibustion plus needle picking therapy for sciatica is more effective in relieving pain and raising the total efficacy rate.

Objective To investigate the association between obesity and the risk of lung cancer and evaluate a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and incidence risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population. Methods A systematic literature search for BMI and incidence risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population, as well as through the reference lists of retrieved articles. The literature databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar. Time range was from the founding of each database to September 2014 and a total of 93 research papers were collected. Meta-analysis was conducted to calculate pooled odds ratio and corresponding 95%CI. Generalized least-squares regression methods were used to make a dose-response meta-analysis between BMI and incidence risk of lung cancer. Results Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a number of 2 351 lung cancer cases. Results showed that obesity was inversely associated with lung cancer incidence (OR=0.68, 95%CI:0.59-0.79) (heterogeneity test:I2=0,P=0.594). The association did not change with stratification by study design, sex, smoking status, BMI measurement method and study population. A linear dose-response association between BMI and risk of lung cancer was visually significant, and lung cancer risk would be reduced 21% for per 5 kg/m2 BMI increase (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.71- 0.89) (heterogeneity test:q=22.43,P=0.002). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis indicated that higher BMI was a protective factor against lung cancer, but smoking may play a stronger role as a confounding factor for the most important role with lung cancer incidence.

Objective To investigate the association between obesity and the risk of lung cancer and evaluate a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and incidence risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population. Methods A systematic literature search for BMI and incidence risk of lung cancer in the Chinese population, as well as through the reference lists of retrieved articles. The literature databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar. Time range was from the founding of each database to September 2014 and a total of 93 research papers were collected. Meta-analysis was conducted to calculate pooled odds ratio and corresponding 95%CI. Generalized least-squares regression methods were used to make a dose-response meta-analysis between BMI and incidence risk of lung cancer. Results Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a number of 2 351 lung cancer cases. Results showed that obesity was inversely associated with lung cancer incidence (OR=0.68, 95%CI:0.59-0.79) (heterogeneity test:I2=0,P=0.594). The association did not change with stratification by study design, sex, smoking status, BMI measurement method and study population. A linear dose-response association between BMI and risk of lung cancer was visually significant, and lung cancer risk would be reduced 21% for per 5 kg/m2 BMI increase (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.71- 0.89) (heterogeneity test:q=22.43,P=0.002). Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis indicated that higher BMI was a protective factor against lung cancer, but smoking may play a stronger role as a confounding factor for the most important role with lung cancer incidence.