Risk prediction models for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) can assist healthcare professionals in assessing the likelihood of PPCs occurring after surgery, thereby supporting rapid decision-making. This study evaluated the merits, limitations, and challenges of these models, focusing on model types, construction methods, performance, and clinical applications. The findings indicate that current risk prediction models for PPCs following lung cancer surgery demonstrate a certain level of predictive effectiveness. However, there are notable deficiencies in study design, clinical implementation, and reporting transparency. Future research should prioritize large-scale, prospective, multi-center studies that utilize multiomics approaches to ensure robust data for accurate predictions, ultimately facilitating clinical translation, adoption, and promotion.

Pharmacotherapy is the primary treatment method for hyperthyroidism. Antithyroid drugs can induce liver injury， and the diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury is mostly exclusive based on medical history collection， clinical symptoms， serum biochemistry， radiological examination， and histology. According to the severity of liver injury， drug-induced liver injury can be classified into mild， moderate， severe， and fatal degrees. Drug withdrawal may not be necessary for patients with mild liver injury， but regular monitoring of liver function is required； in severe cases， patients may develop liver failure， which may lead to a mortality rate， and early identification， timely drug withdrawal， and reasonable pharmacotherapy can help to avoid fatal consequences. The treatment principles of liver injury induced by antithyroid drugs include promoting the recovery of liver injury， preventing the severe exacerbation and chronicity of liver injury， and reducing the risk of death. Standardized medication， timely monitoring， early identification， and early treatment are important measures for the prevention and treatment of liver injury induced by antithyroid drugs.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of oligodendroglioma with IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. Methods We collected the data of 54 oligodendroglioma patients with IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion.The patients'clinicopathological data, including age, histological grade, and tumor site, were analyzed for the effects on progression-free and overall survival. Results Among the 54 patients, 46 cases were with tumor sites in one lobe, and eight cases involved tumor sites in more than two lobes.A total of 12 and 42 cases had WHO grades 2 and 3 oligodendroglioma, respectively.Detection by fluorescence in situ hybridization showed 1p/19q co-deletion in all cases.Immunohistochemical tests revealed diffuse and strong positive results for Olig2.All glial fibrillary acidic proteins were positive.p53 was strongly positive in six cases.ATRX was expressed in all 48 cases.Ki-67 proliferation index ranged from 5% to 60%.Sanger sequencing showed that all 54 cases had IDH gene mutations (40 cases were IDH1 mutations, and 14 were IDH2 mutations), and 33 cases had telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutations.Relapse and metastasis occurred in 16 patients during treatment.Univariate analysis indicated that the postoperative recurrence and metastasis interval of more than two years can prolong the progression-free and overall survival of patients.All 54 patients had a mean progression-free survival of 33.5 months and the mean overall survival of 40.7 months. Conclusion For oligodendroglioma with IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion, precision chemoradiotherapy after surgery can reduce the risk of progression, and the postoperative recurrence and metastasis interval is associated with the prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the imaging quality of CBCT under different exposure parameters and the relationship between subjective and objective evaluation.Methods:CBCT scanners of 6 different suppliers[3D Accuitomo(Morita),i-mCAT(Kavo),5G(NewTom),Smart3D(Beijing Langshi),DCT Pro(Vatech),Vgi(NewTom)]were used to scan the spatial resolution models and head simulators under typical exposure conditions(different device with different tube voltage and current for exposure).The visibility of SedentexCT IQ phantom and anatomical structures generated by different CBCT scanners were compared.For objective evaluation,7 professional evaluators scored CBCT imaging qualities.For subjective evaluation,the resolution(LP/mm)of the images were com-pared among the devices.Results:No significant difference was found by 7 evaluators either intra or inter of the teams.By objective e-valuation,the score of NewTom 5G was 2,that of i-CAT was 5 and that of the others was 4.By subjective evaluation,the LP/mm of i-CAT was 1.8,that of Smart3D was 2.0 and that of the others was 1.0-1.7.The subjective evaluation of image quality obtained un-der different tube voltages and tube currents were significantly different.Conclusion:The subjective and objective evaluations of image quality are approximately consistent.The difference of the subjective image quality may be produced by the different tube voltage and current for exposure.

Objective To explore the effects of Jinghou Zengzhi Granules(JHZZG),on ovarian GDF9 secretion and granulosa cells(GCs)apoptosis in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH)rats through p38MAPK/CK2/IκBα/NF-κB pathway.Methods A model of COH rats was prepared and 18 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,including natural ovulation group(NO group),COH group,and COH+JHZZG group.The expression of p38MAPK,CK2,IκBα,NF-κB,GDF9 mRNA and protein were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot,and the apoptosis rate of ovarian GCs by TUNEL.Results Compared with the NO group,the expression of p38MAPK and NF-κB in the ovarian tissue of rats in the COH group increased,while the expression of CK2,IκBα and GDF9 decreased,and the apoptosis rate of ovarian GCs increased(all P<0.01).Compared with the COH group,the expression of p38MAPK and NF-κB in the ovarian tissue of rats in the COH+JHZZG group decreased,while the expression of CK2,IκBα and GDF9 increased(all P<0.01),and the apoptosis rate of ovarian GCs decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Jinghou Zengzhi Granules could promote the secretion of ovarian GDF9 and inhibit the apoptosis of ovarian GCs of COH rats through p38MAPK/CK2/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway,which thereby improve the quality of COH oocytes.

Objective To analyzes the Chinese and English literature of anti-tumor of licorice based on CiteSpace knowledge graph,and explores the research status,research hotspots and trends.Methods CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software was used to visually analyze the Chinese and English literature on licorice anti-tumor from January 2002 to September 2023 included in CNKI and Web of Science,and visually analyzed the research topics such as the number of publications,authors,institutions,journals,funds,and keywords.Results A total of 397 Chinese articles and 172 English articles were included after screening.The analysis of the authors of Chinese and English literature shows that Zheng Qiusheng and Jung are the authors with the largest number of anti-tumor articles in Chinese and English respectively,while Beijing University of traditional Chinese Medicine and Hallym University have the largest number of articles in Chinese and English respectively,and there is relatively more cooperation among research institutions in English literature.Chinese and English keyword analysis shows that the anti-tumor research of Glycyrrhiza uralensis mainly focuses on breast cancer,licorice and its active components,molecular mechanism and so on.Cluster analysis shows that research has focused on the active ingredients and clinical applications of licorice;Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment theory and commonly used compound medicines;Experimental research and mechanism of action of licorice on anti-tumor effects;Research on the mechanism of licorice in preventing and treating nephrotoxicity and other toxic side effects caused by chemotherapy drugs.Conclusion The study of anti-tumor mechanism of licorice and the combination of licorice and natural products may be the focus of future research.

Objective To analyze and identify the volatile constituents in different parts(flowers,stems and leaves)of Huai chrysanthemumin,and to lay a theoretical foundation for the comprehensive utilization for it.Methods The volatile oil in different parts of Huai chrysanthemumin were extracted by hydrodistillation,respectively.Their constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The compounds were identified by library search and literature screening.The relative percentage of each compound was obtained by the area normalization method.The differences in their chemical compositions were analyzed by Venn diagram,principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster heat map analysis.Results A total of 62 volatile chemical components were identified from different parts of Huai chrysanthemumin,including monoterpenes,sesquiterpenes,and their derivatives,as well as a small amount of aliphatic compounds.32,42 and 40 volatile components were detected from the flowers,stems and flowers,respectively.Furthermore 17 volatile components were shared by three parts,whereas 5,6 and 16 volatile components were unique to the flowers,stems and leaves,respectively.The results of stoichiometric analysis showed that both PCA and cluster heat map analysis could separate the flowers,stems and leaves,and their volatile components were different.Conclusion The types and contents of the volatile oil in the stems,leaves and flowers of Huai chrysanthemumin have certain variability,which provide a scientific basis for the further medicinal or industrial exploitation of different parts of Huai chrysanthemumin.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of fatal drowning in children in Zhejiang Province in 2022, analyze factors such as the swimming ability of children, the caregiver behavior at drowning site, types of first aid personnel and methods of first aid of unintentional fatal drowning and provide evidence for targeted intervention.Methods:Using the "Survey Form of Fatal Drowning Case in Children" designed by National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention of the China CDC, we collected case information of children aged 0-17 years who died due to drowning in Zhejiang in 2022 from medical history/death investigation records, telephone interviews, and home visits.Results:A total of 341 fatal drowning cases in children occurred in Zhejiang in 2022 and 330 cases were investigated (96.77%). The male to female of the cases was 2.33∶1, most cases were aged 15-17 years and 0-4 years, and 54.24% of fatal drowning cases occurred in children from other provinces. In the drowning cases, 83.33% were unintentional ones, and the proportion of intentional fatal drowning cases in children increased with age. Fatal drowning cases mainly occurred in open natural water bodies and public water storage facilities. More fatal drowning cases occurred in open natural water bodies in older children, while more fatal drowning cases occurred in public water storage facilities in younger children. In 275 children who died due to unintentional drowning, 73.09% could not swim, and only 1.09% were fully supervised by adults within an arm's length. First aid personnel, mainly medical staffs, bystanders and adult caregivers, were present for 47.63% fatal drowning cases. The proportion of the cases who had cardiopulmonary resuscitation as the first aid within 5 minutes was 2.18%.Conclusions:Drowning poses a serious threat to children's lives and there are differences in reasons and locations of fatal drowning in children in different age groups in Zhejiang Province in 2022. It is necessary to conduct to interventions to improve children's swimming skills, strengthen effective adult care and conduct health education about field first aid of drowning to reduce the incidence of drowning and related deaths in children.

Objective:To study the distribution of drug resistance genes and virulence genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains.Methods:A total of 96 strains of Salmonella typhimurium were collected，and drug sensitivity tests were performed to evaluate the drug resistance and multidrug-resistance of Salmonella typhimurium.Multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains were selected to conducted whole genome sequencing，and the distribution of drug resistance genes and virulence genes in the strain were analyzed.Results:Salmonella typhimurium strains had the highest resistance rates to ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam，with 89.58% and 76.04%，respectively.Followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole，ceftriaxone，and aztreonam，with 47.92%，38.54% and 33.33%，respectively，and low resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin，with 8.33% and 4.17%，respectively.Ninety-six strains were all sensitive to carbapenem antibiotics and piperacillin/tazobactam.Fifty-seven strains（59.38%）of Salmonella typhimurium showed multidrug-resistance.Resistance genes were detected in all 57 multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains,with higher carrier rates of 98.25%,77.19%,and 59.65% for aac(6')-Iaa,aadA22,and blaTEM-1B,respectively.The multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains had the highest carrier rates for invA，sipA，sseL，and sopB.Conclusion:Multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium strains have a high incidence and a high carrier rate for multiple drug resistance genes and virulence genes.The monitoring and prevention of Salmonella typhimurium should be strengthened in the clinic in order to reduce the spreading epidemic of multidrug-resistant strains.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.