Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of recombinant human CC16 protein(rhCC16)on cigarette smoke extract(CSE)-induced senescence of human bronchial epithelial cells(HBECs).Methods CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the cell viability in HBECs after treated with 0％,1％,2.5％,5％,7.5％and 10％CSE and/or 0,10,100,250 and 500 ng/mL rhCC16.β-galactosidase staining was used to observe the activity of the enzyme in control,CSE,and CSE+rhCC16 treated HBECs.The mRNA levels of P16 and P21 in above cell groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR),and the protein levels of P16,P21,p-P53,P38,p-P38,ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were detected with Western blot in control group,CSE and CSE+rhCC16 groups.Results Compared with the control group,5％CSE stimulation for 72 h or the treatment of 500 ng/mL or lower dose of rhCC16 had no significant effect on cell viability of HBECs.Stimulation 5％CSE for 72 h resulted in significantly higher positive rate to β-galactosidase staining(P＜0.05),elevated mRNA and protein levels of P16 and P21(P＜0.05),and enhanced protein levels of p-P53,p-P38 and p-ERK1/2(P＜0.05)when compared with the control group.Compared with the simple CSE stimulation,250 ng/mL 1hCC16 treatment decreased positive rate to β-galactosidase staining(P＜0.05),reduced mRNA and protein levels of P16 and P21(P＜0.05)and protein levels of p-P53,p-P38 and p-ERK1/2(P＜0.05).Conclusion rhCC16 inhibits CSE-induced cellular senescence of HBECs,which may due to its suppression in P38 MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

One of the most common and significant symptoms for skin disorders is pruritus.Additionally,it serves as a significant catalyst for the exacerbation or reoccurrence of skin diseases.Pruritus seriously affects patients'physical and mental health,and even the quality of life.It brings a heavy burden to the patients,the families,even the whole society.The pathogenesis and regulation mechanisms for pruritus are complicated and have not yet been elucidated.Previous clinical studies have shown that itch worsens at night in scabies,chronic pruritus,atopic dermatitis,and psoriasis,suggesting that skin pruritus may change with circadian rhythm.Cortisol,melatonin,core temperature,cytokines,and prostaglandins are the main regulatory factors of the circadian rhythm of pruritus.Recent studies have shown that some CLOCK genes,such as BMAL1,CLOCK,PER,and CRY,play an important role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of pruritus by regulating the Janus tyrosine kinase(JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling pathways.However,the mechanisms for circadian clock genes in regulation of circadian rhythm of pruritus have not been fully elucidated.Further studies on the mechanism of circadian clock genes in the regulation of circadian rhythm of pruritus will lay a foundation for elucidating the regulatory mechanisms for pruritus,and also provide new ideas for the control of pruritus and the alleviation of skin diseases.

Objective To investigate the habits of eye rubbing and sleeping posture of patients with keratoconus(KC)and analyze the correlation of the onset and severity of KC with eye rubbing and sleeping posture.Methods In this retrospective case-control study,KC patients who received diagnosis and treatment in the Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2018 to June 2022 were collected as the KC group,and myopia patients with matching ages and sexes who visited our hospital from February to June 2022 were recruited as the control group.All patients were inves-tigated by questionnaire and the details of eye rubbing,sleeping posture and related habits were recorded.According to the severity of the disease(corneal curvature),KC patients were divided into different stages,and the eye rubbing and sleep-ing posture of KC patients in different stages were compared.Results In this study,406 KC patients and 394 myopia pa-tients were included.It was found that 67.98％of KC patients and 24.87％of myopia patients rubbed their eyes,with a sig-nificant difference(P＜0.001);45.32％of KC patients and 24.87％of myopia patients were accustomed to sleeping on their side or stomach,with a significant difference(P＜0.001).The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis indica-ted that the following variables showed significant differences:patients with eyes at the later stages(steeper eyes)were more likely to rub eyes[odds ratio(OR)=3.547,95％CI:2.02-6.24,P＜0.001],sleep on side or stomach(OR=10.725,95％CI:5.77-19.94,P＜0.001),and turn head to the steeper eye when sleeping(OR=12.171,95％CI:7.23-20.49,P＜0.001).The statistical analysis demonstrated that the proportion of KC patients at the IV stage who were habitu-ated to rub their steeper eyes and turn their heads to the steeper eyes when sleeping was significantly higher than that of pa-tients at stages Ⅰ to Ⅲ(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Eye rubbing and sleeping on the side or stomach are risk factors for the onset of KC and are related to the severity of the disease.

In order to understand the characteristics of avian leukosis virus(ALV)infection and the polymorphisms of receptor genes Tva,Tvb and NHE1 sequences in different Qingyuan Ma chick-en breeding farms,the isolation and identification of exogenous ALV virus,receptor gene amplifi-cation and sequencing analysis were carried out in five Qingyuan Ma chicken breeding farms.The results of virus isolation and subtype identification showed that the positive rate of exogenous ALV virus isolation in farms A,B and C was less than 5％,among which there was ALV-J infection alone in farm A,mixed infection with ALV-J and ALV-K in farm B,ALV-K infection a-lone in farm C,and no exogenous ALV infection was detected in farm D and E.Polymorphism anal-ysis of recipient genes showed that there were different frequencies of Tvar3,Tvar4 and Tvbr3 re-sistance alleles in A-E farms,and the distribution frequency of Tvar3 was 0.2-0.6,the distribution frequency of Tvar4 was 0.3-0.7,and the distribution frequency of Tvbr3 was 0.1-0.7.In addition,there were Tvar5 resistance alleles in both B and D farms,with a distribution frequency of 0.2.A to-tal of 18 SNP mutations occurred in the NHE1 receptor gene sequence,and further analysis showed that positions 1 279,1 361,1 369,1 406,1 442,and 1 912 were non-synonymous mutations,which could cause changes in amino acids.The study suggested that there were differences in the exogenous ALV and its subtypes among the five Qingyuan Ma chicken breeders,and each farm should have a more targeted and unique purification strategy.The distribution of Tva and Tvb re-sistance alleles at different frequencies,along with the occurrence of 6 non-synonymous mutations in the NHE1 gene,indicate that Qingyuan Ma chicken have the potential of genetic resistance breeding.

Objective To explore the factors influencing the efficacy of conventional Western medicine treatment for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD),and to provide a basis for individualized clinical treatment.Methods 100 patients with AECOPD were prospectively included in this study,and all of them were given standard treatment plans according to the guidelines.After 3 months of follow-up observation,53 cases were evaluated as effective and included in the effective group;47 cases were evaluated as having no significant effect and included in the ineffective group.Differences in basic characteristics between the two groups in terms of age,duration of COPD,respiratory rate,lung function and consolidated malignancy were compared,and pre-treatment laboratory test indexes and blood gas analysis data were collected for comparison.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of age,duration of COPD,respiratory rate,ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC%),consolidated malignancy,hemoglobin,lymphocytes,C-reactive protein,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and PaCO2(P<0.05).Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age,prolonged COPD duration,increased respiratory rate,decreased FEV1/FVC%,consolidated malignancy,decreased hemoglobin,decreased lymphocyte count,increased C-reactive protein,increased glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,increased lactate,and increased PaCO2 were risk factors for poor treatment outcome in AECOPD.Further multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age(P=0.007,OR=1.240),FEV1/FVC%(P=0.014,OR=0.757),hemoglobin(P=0.038,OR=0.954),lymphocyte count(P=0.007,OR=0.488),and lactate(P=0.002 OR=9.964)were independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of AECOPD treatment.ROC curve analysis showed that the AUCs for age,FEV1/FVC%,hemoglobin,lymphocyte count and lactate were 0.728[95%CI(0.627,0.829)],0.681[95%CI(0.576,0.785)],0.686[95%CI(0.582,0.790)],0.629[95%CI(0.520,0.737)]and 0.823[95%CI(0.744,0.902)],respectively,and the combined AUC of the five risk factors for predicting a poor AECOPD treatment outcome was 0.957[95%CI(0.923,0.991).Conclusion Age,FEV1/FVC%,hemoglobin,lymphocyte count and lactate are independent risk factors that influence the treatment outcome of AECOPD patients.The comprehensive analysis of these risk factors can predict the treatment effect of AECOPD more accurately,help clinicians adjust the treatment plan in time,and improve the treatment effect and prognosis.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Feining Paidu decoction on refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in child patients. MethodA randomized controlled trial （RCT） was conducted， with 96 child patients randomly divided into a control group and an observation group， each containing 48 cases. The control group received intravenous azithromycin （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） for 7 days， intravenous methylprednisolone （1 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） for 3 days， along with supportive treatments such as fluid infusion and antipyretics. The observation group received oral administration of Feining Paidu decoction once a day for 7 days. Changes in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores， clinical efficacy， serum soluble B7-H3 （sB7-H3）， serum inflammatory factors， coagulation function， and lung imaging ［computer tomography（CT）］ scores were observed in both groups. Adverse reaction events were also recorded. ResultThe total effective rate in the observation group was 95.74% （45/47）， significantly higher than 80.43% （37/46） in the control group （Z=-3.702， P<0.01）. Compared with the results before treatment， TCM syndrome scores， lung imaging scores， sB7-H3， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， D-dimer （D-D）， and fibrinogen （FIB） levels in both groups all significantly decreased after treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After treatment， the observation group showed significantly better results in these indicators than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in thrombin time （TT） in the control group before and after treatment， while the observation group showed a significant prolongation after treatment （P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and prothrombin time （PT） between the two groups before treatment， and no serious adverse reactions occurred in either group. ConclusionFeining Paidu decoction combined with conventional treatment can alleviate inflammatory responses， improve hypercoagulable states， promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation， and enhance the clinical efficacy of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.

Objective:Evaluate the image quality of dual-layer spectral detector CT pulmonary angiography with low-dose contrast agents, and explore the influence of pulmonary artery diameter on the image quality.Methods:A total of 91 spectral CT pulmonary angiography from March 2022 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were divided into Group 1 ( n=34, main pulmonary artery diameter ≥ 30 mm) and Group 2 ( n=57, main pulmonary artery diameter<30 mm). The dosage of contrast agent was 30 ml. The CT attenuation values(CT values), standard deviation(SD), signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) values of pulmonary artery from the main trunk to the subsegmental pulmonary artery between two groups were compared. The CT dose index volume(CTDI vol) and dose-length production (DLP) were recorded. Two readers evaluated the image quality using three-point method. The inter-reader agreement was performed by Kappa test. Results:The CT values of the pulmonary trunk and left pulmonary artery between two groups was not significantly different ( P>0.05). The CT values of the left upper lobe artery, segmental artery, and subsegmental artery in Group 1 were lower than those in Group 2 ( t=-2.13, -2.17, Z=-2.33, P<0.05). The SD values of pulmonary trunk and segmental artery in Group 1 were higher than those in Group 2 ( t=2.27, Z=-2.23, P<0.05). The SD values of left pulmonary artery, left upper lobe artery, and subsegmental artery between two groups were not significantly different ( P>0.05). The SNR and CNR values of main pulmonary trunk, left pulmonary artery, left superior lobar artery, and segmental artery in Group 2 were higher than those in Group 1 ( Z=-2.45, -2.57, -2.09, -3.58, P<0.05; Z =-2.33, -2.42, -2.07, -3.45, P<0.05), while these values of the subsegmental artery between two groups were not significantly different ( P>0.05). The two readers had good consistency in evaluating image quality (Kappa value>0.75, P<0.05). Conclusions:Spectral CT pulmonary angiography with 30 ml contrast agent would generate good quality images. However, the distal pulmonary artery would be poorly revealed when the diameter of main pulmonary artery more than 30 mm, especially in patients with suspected pulmonary hypertension.

Objective:To explore the effects of hnRNP E1 on the expression of early genes E2, E6 of HPV16 and the biological function in cervical cancer SiHa cell lines.Methods:The cell experiments in vitro were carried out in cervical cancer cell lines SiHa. The expression levels of E2, E6 mRNA and protein of HPV16 were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively, before and after up-regulating hnRNP E1. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation, cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Data analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 and Graphpad Prism 7.0 software. Results:Compared with the blank and the blank plasmid group, the cells activity and proliferation decreased at 24, 48 and 72 h after up-regulating hnRNP E1 ( P<0.05), while the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase increased and the percentage in S and G2/M phase and proliferation index decreased ( P<0.05). Moreover, the late apoptotic rate and the total apoptotic rate increased ( P<0.05). The expression levels of E6 mRNA and protein of HPV16 in hnRNP E1 up-regulated group were significantly lower than that in both blank group and blank plasmid group, the differences were significant ( P<0.05), showing the tendency of cells proliferation index decrease and total apoptotic rate increase with decreased HPV16 E6 expression. There were no significant differences in the expression of E2 mRNA of HPV16 among the three groups ( P=0.427), and no E2 protein of HPV16 was detected. Conclusions:hnRNP E1 could inhibit the transcription and translation of E6 oncogene of HPV16 and further inhibit the proliferation and promote apoptosis of cervical cancer cells, suggesting that hnRNP E1 might be a potential target marker to prevent cervical lesions. But no association between hnRNP E1 and HPV16 E2 was found in SiHa cells.

Objective: To investigate the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 early genes E2 and E6 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) E2 and their interaction effects in the progression of the cervical cancer. Methods: Women with normal cervix (NC), low cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN Ⅰ) and high cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ) from the cervical lesions cohort in Jiexiu County of Shanxi Province from June 2014 to September 2014, and patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in the same period were enrolled in this study. There were 257 participants, about 67 NC cases (26.07%), 69 CIN Ⅰ cases (26.85%), 68 CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ cases (26.46%), and 53 SCC cases (20.62%), respectively. The information of demographic characteristics, life health habits and cervical lesions were collected by using the structured questionnaire. Cervical exfoliated cells and cervical biopsy tissues were collected to detect the infection of HPV16 and the protein expression levels of hnRNP E2, HPV16 E2 and E6. According to the median-value of the protein expression levels of hnRNP E2, HPV16 E2 and E6 and E2/E6 ratio in the NC group, the study participants were divided into the high and low expression groups/ratio groups. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between HPV16 early gene E2 and E6, hnRNP E2 and cervical cancer. The interaction effect was analyzed by using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) model. Results: The ages of NC, CIN Ⅰ, CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ and SCC groups were (47.00±9.07), (47.64±7.35), (46.37±8.67) and (51.26±8.03) years old, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that the HPV16 E2 low expression, E6 high expression and E2/E6 low ratio could increase the risk of CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ, about OR (95%CI) values 11.11 (1.63-75.56), 8.00 (1.28-50.04), and 9.75 (1.22-77.72), respectively and SCC, about OR (95%CI) values 14.22 (2.11-95.88), 10.33 (1.67-64.00), and 12.38 (1.56-97.91), respectively. The hnRNP E2 low expression could increase the risk of CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ and SCC, about OR (95%CI) values 3.35 (1.39-8.10) and 5.53 (1.54-19.88). The result of GMDR showed that there were interaction effects of the hnRNP E2 low expression, HPV16 E2 low expression and HPV16 E6 high expression in both CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ and SCC groups. Conclusion The HPV16 E2 low expression, HPV16 E6 high expression and hnRNP E2 low expression could increase the risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer, and they might have an important interaction effect in the progression of the cervical cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the image quality of dual-source computed tomography pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA) with low-dose contrast agent using the advanced modeled iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE) method with 70 kVp and non-linear blending in overweight patients.Methods:Seventy patients (normal BMI, 35; overweight, 35) with suspected pulmonary embolization who underwent DE-CTPA between October 2018 and March 2019 were included in this study. The imaging protocol included assessments at 70 kV/sn150 kV with 30 ml of contrast agent, and images were obtained at 70 kVp and 150 kVp with and without linear blending. The CT value, SD value, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of pulmonary arteries were compared and analyzed among groups 1 (70 kVp, normal BMI), 2 (non-linear blending, normal BMI), 3 (70 kVp, overweight), and group 4 (non-linear blending, overweight). The radiation dose parameters included CT volume dose index (CTDI vol), dose length product (DLP), and effective dose ( E). Results:The CT values for the pulmonary artery did not show significant differences among the four groups ( P>0.05). The SD value of the segmental artery in group 1 was higher than that in group 4 ( t=2.69, P<0.05). The SNR values of the pulmonary artery trunk and sub-segmental artery in group 2 were higher than those in group 3 ( t=1.44, 5.40, P<0.05), while the corresponding value of the left pulmonary artery trunk in group 2 was higher than those in groups 3 and 4 ( t=1.52, 1.52, P<0.05). The CNR values of the pulmonary artery trunk and sub-segmental artery in group 2 were higher than those in group 3 ( t=1.45, 5.01, P<0.05) and that of the left pulmonary artery trunk in group 2 was higher than those in groups 3 and 4 ( t=1.50, 1.50, P<0.05). The E values for normal BMI and overweight patients were(1.60±0.54)mSv and(1.88±0.45)mSv, respectively. Conclusions:For overweight patients, the CTPA protocol using ADMIRE with a 70 kV/sn150 kV scanning mode could yield diagnostic image quality with significantly lower radiation and contrast material doses.