Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin secretion. As the disease progresses， patients begin to suffer from diabetic nephropathy， diabetic cardiomyopathy， non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or other complications， which increase the burden on the patients. Moreover， the number of patients is increasing， which brings a heavy burden to the society. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death which has attracted wide attention in recent years. It refers to the cell death caused by the excessive accumulation of lipid peroxide under the overload of iron ions. Studies have discovered that ferroptosis exists in diabetes mellitus and its complications. Inhibiting ferroptosis can greatly slow down the occurrence and progression of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Chinese medicine， the unique medical treasure in China， acts in a multi-pathway， multi-target manner and is praised for the cheap price， low toxicity， and mild side effects. It has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications and has demonstrated definite therapeutic effects， bringing the good news for the majority of patients. The regulation of ferroptosis by Chinese medicine may be a new direction for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications in the future. This paper briefly describes the mechanism of ferroptosis， explores the relationship of ferroptosis with diabetes mellitus and its complications， summarizes the research status of Chinese medicine interventions， and puts forward suggestions， aiming to provide a reference for further research on the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications with Chinese medicine.

Objective: To explore the changes in ribosomal DNA copy number in peripheral blood among patients with pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with pneumoconiosis who visited a designated hospital and 71 community residents with no history of pneumoconiosis or dust exposure were selected as the pneumoconiosis group and control group, and age, smoking history, drinking history and cumulative years of exposure to dust were collected through questionnaire surveys. The copy number of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the differences between the two groups were compared. Factors affecting the copy number of 45S rDNA and 5S rDNA were identified by a multiple linear regression model. Results: The pneumoconiosis group had a median age of 56.00 (interquartile range, 15.25) and a mean cumulative dust exposure duration of (12.40±8.08) years, with 56.82% smoking and 62.50% drinking. The control group had a median age of 64.00 (interquartile range, 37.00) years, with 32.39% smoking and 26.76% drinking. The median copy number of 45S rDNA in the pneumoconiosis group was 1.29 (interquartile range, 0.59), which was lower than 2.10 (interquartile range, 1.88) in the control group; the median copy number of 5S rDNA in the pneumoconiosis group was 5.33 (interquartile range, 0.85), which was higher than 4.66 (1.34) in the control group (both P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis identified age (β=-0.034) and pneumoconiosis (β=-1.595) as factors affecting 45S rDNA copy number, age (β=-0.013) as a factor affecting 5S rDNA copy number, and age (β=0.018) as a factor affecting 5S rDNA copy number in the pneumoconiosis group (all P<0.05). Conclusions Compared with community residents with no history of pneumoconiosis or dust exposure, the copy number of 45S rDNA in peripheral blood among patients with pneumoconiosis is reduced and the copy number of 5S rDNA is increased.

Objective To understand the changing distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia in hospitals across China from January 1,2015 to December 31,2021 in the CHINET Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Program.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out following the unified CHINET protocol.The results were interpreted in accordance with the breakpoints in the 2021 Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)M100(31 st Edition).Results A total of 32 433 Enterobacterales strains were isolated during the 7-year period,including 24 160 strains of Proteus,6 704 strains of Morganella,and 1 569 strains of Providencia.The overall number of these Enterobacterales isolates increased significantly over the 7-year period.The top 3 specimen source of these strains were urine,lower respiratory tract specimens,and wound secretions.Proteus,Morganella,and Providencia isolates showed lower resistance rates to amikacin,meropenem,cefoxitin,cefepime,cefoperazone-sulbactam,and piperacillin-tazobactam.For most of the antibiotics tested,less than 10％of the Proteus and Morganella strains were resistant,while less than 20％of the Providencia strains were resistant.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)was 1.4％in Proteus isolates,1.9％in Morganella isolates,and 15.6％in Providencia isolates.Conclusions The overall number of clinical isolates of Proteus,Morganella and Providencia increased significantly in the 7-year period from 2015 to 2021.The prevalence of CRE strains also increased.More attention should be paid to antimicrobial resistance surveillance and rational antibiotic use so as to prevent the emergence and increase of antimicrobial resistance.

Purpose/Significance To explore the teaching mode of Python language programming based on case-driven in medical u-niversities and colleges,so as to cultivate the computational thinking ability of medical students and the ability to solve practical medical is-sues using computer programming ideas.Method/Process Detailed analysis is finished on the problems existing in the implementation of Python language programming course in medical universities and colleges.The content is innovated and the new teaching method based on cases is proposed.Taking the development of a text mining information system as an example,the process of teaching are elaborated in de-tail.Result/Conclusion The restructuring of the content and the reform of teaching mode improve the computational thinking ability of med-ical students and promote their ability to use computer technology to analyze and solve medical related issues.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Hedysari Radix polysaccharide （HRP） on the Janus kinase 2 （JAK2）/signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 （STAT3） signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy db/db mice. MethodFifty db/db mice were randomly divided into model group， irbesartan group （irbesartan suspension， 22.75 mg·kg^-1）， and high-， medium-， and low-dose HRP groups （HRP suspension， 200， 100， 50 mg·kg^-1） according to the body weight， with 10 mice in each group. Another 10 C57BL/6 mice were assigned to the normal group. The mice were treated with corresponding drugs by gavage， while those in the normal group and the model group received distilled water at 5 mL·kg^-1. The mice in the six groups were administered once a day by gavage for 12 consecutive weeks. The uric acid （UA）， triglycerides （TG）， and total cholesterol （TC） were detected. Periodic acid-Schiff （PAS） staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in kidney tissues. Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of JAK2， STAT3， suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 （SOCS3）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the kidney. ResultAfter 12 weeks of treatment， compared with the normal group， the model group showed significant pathological ultrastructural changes in kidney tissues and increased UA， TG， and TC levels （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high- and medium-dose HRP groups and the irbesartan group showed improvement in pathological ultrastructure of kidney tissues and reduced UA， TG， and TC levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed a decrease in SOCS3 protein and mRNA expression levels and an increase in JAK2， STAT3， and TNF-α protein and mRNA expression levels （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high- and medium-dose HRP groups and the irbesartan group showed an increase in SOCS3 protein and mRNA expression levels and a decrease in JAK2， STAT3， and TNF-α protein and mRNA expression levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionHRP can alleviate renal damage in diabetic nephropathy to a certain extent， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy （DN）， as one of the common chronic microvascular complications of diabetes， has become the main cause of renal failure in end-stage renal disease in China， increasing the risks of renal dialysis and kidney transplantation in diabetes patients. It is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. The latest research on DN has focused on the gene level. microRNAs （miRNAs） are a family of endogenous accessible short-chain non-coding RNA molecules. By acting on a particular target， they activate or inhibit its mediated signaling pathways and related molecules， playing an important role in the occurrence and development of DN. They have become microeconomic factors for the prevention and treatment of DN. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a long history in the diagnosis and treatment of DN and has unique advantages such as significant curative effect and few side effects. A large number of studies have proved that TCM can target miRNA to affect multiple signaling pathways， participate in the regulation of inflammatory response， pyroptosis， mesenchymal transdifferentiation， and other pathological changes， and delay the further development of DN. Therefore， this study discusses the biogenesis mechanism of miRNA and its action mechanism in disease-related signaling pathways based on TCM diagnosis and treatment approaches from the perspective of miRNA， and summarizes the effect of TCM targeting miRNA on the disease-related signaling pathways and on DN. Thus， this study is expected to provide a theoretical reference for exploring the progress of TCM intervention in DN from the perspective of genes.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Hedysarum polysaccharides （HPS） on the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in db/db mice with diabetic nephropathy. MethodFifty db/db mice were randomly divided into model group， irbesartan group， and high， middle， and low-dose HPS experimental groups according to their body mass， with 10 mice in each group， and another 10 C57BL/6 mice were selected as a normal group. The normal group and the model group were given 5 mL·kg^-1·d^-1 distilled water， the irbesartan group was given 22.75 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 irbesartan suspension， and the high， middle， and low-dose HPS experimental groups were given 200， 100， and 50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 HPS suspensions， respectively. The mice in the 6 groups were given intragastric administration once a day for 12 weeks. The general state， blood glucose （GLU）， 24 h urine protein （UTP）， blood creatinine （SCr）， and urea nitrogen （BUN） of mice in each group were determined. The pathological changes in the kidney tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining （HE）. The protein and mRNA expression levels of Wnt1， β-catenin， glycogen synthesis kinase-3β （GSK-3β）， and phosphorylated GSK-3β （p-GSK-3β） in the kidney were detected by Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultAfter treatment for 12 weeks， as compared with the normal group， the general state of mice in the model group was worse and the pathological ultrastructural lesions of kidney tissues were obvious. The levels of GLU， 24 h UTP， SCr， and BUN in the model group increased （P<0.01）. As compared with the model group， the general state and renal pathological ultrastructure of mice in the high and middle-dose HPS groups were improved to some extent， and the levels of SCr， BUN， and 24 h UTP in the high and middle-dose HPS groups decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）. As compared with the normal group， the expression levels of Wnt1， β-catenin， GSK-3β， and p-GSK-3β protein and mRNA in the model group were higher （P<0.01）， while the expression levels of Wnt1， β-catenin， GSK-3β， and p-GSK-3β protein and mRNA in the high and middle-dose HPS groups were lower than those in the model group （P<0.05，P<0.01）. ConclusionHPS can alleviate the renal injury of diabetic nephropathy to some extent， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.

Objective? To explore the effects of self-designed facial muscle exercise in facial paralysis nursing among patients after acoustic neurinoma surgery. Methods? From May 2018 to February 2019, we selected 90 cerebellopontine angle (CPA) patients after acoustic neurinoma surgery of the Cancer Ward of Neurosurgery Department at a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Beijing. All of the patients were randomly divided into experimental group (n=50) and control group (n=40). Control group carried out routine facial paralysis management. On the basis of routine nursing, experimental group implemented the self-designed facial muscle exercise directed by researchers from 10:00 to 11:00 in the morning and from 16:00 to 17:00 in the afternoon. The grades of facial paralysis after facial paralysis were assessed with the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system, and statistical analysis was used to the recovery effects of facial paralysis and anxiety of patients between two groups. Results? A total of 30 days after surgery, the total effective rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group with a statistical difference (P＜ 0.01). A total of 90 days after surgery, the total effective rate of experimental group was 96.0% higher than that (55.0%) of control group with a statistical difference (P＜ 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the scores of Self-Anxiety Scale (SAS) of patients between two groups before intervention (P＞ 0.05). The scores of SAS of experimental group were lower than those of control group 7, 30 and 90 days after surgery with statistical differences (P＜0.01). Conclusions? The self-designed facial muscle exercise can promote the recovery of facial paralysis after acoustic neurinoma surgery and improve anxiety of patients.

Purpose To quantitatively evaluate the ability of advanced virtual monoenergetic technique (monoplus) in improving the display of pulmonary arteries with dual-source CT dual-energy pulmonary angiography.Materials and Methods Thirty patients whose CT values in pulmonary artery and its branches were lower than 300 HU in mixed images while image quality was poor in distal branches were enrolled in this study.All these patients underwent dual-source dual-energy (100/Sn140 kVp) CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with small amount of contrast medium (30 ml) from September 2016 to December 2016.Non-linear blending images were assigned in group A,100 kVp images from one tube were assigned in group B,and optimized monoenergetic images with low keV monoplus (40+,50+,60+ keV) were assigned in group C,D and E,respectively.CT and SD values of segmental,subsegmental and distal branches were measured,and signal noise ratio (SNR) and contrast noise ratio (CNR) were calculated.Results Among all the 5 groups,CT values of pulmonary artery in group C,D and E were significantly higher than in group A and B (P＜0.05).SNR values of segmental artery in group C were significantly higher than those in group A (P＜0.05).SNR values of subsegmental artery in group C and D were significantly higher than those in group A (P＜0.05).SNR values of segmental and subsegmental pulmonary artery in group C,D and E were all significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).The SNR values of distal branches in group C,D and E were not significantly different from those in group A (P＞0.05),but were significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).CNR values in group C,D and E were not significantly different from those in group A (P＞0.05),but were significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).Conclusion Combined with dual-source dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography,low keV monoplus images can effectively increase CT values of pulmonary artery and clearly display the distal branches.Meanwhile,the image quality is comparable with non-linear blending images,better than that of low tube voltage (100 kVp) images.

BACKGROUND:Induction of osteoblasts differentiating into osteocytes is a hot spot in tissue engineering;however, the regulatory mechanism underlying differentiation has not been ful y elucidated. MicroRNA, as an endogenous smal RNA molecule, can regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by binding to the 3’ nontranslated region of the target gene mRNA, which also has been found to play an important regulatory role in osteocyte differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To study the regulation of miR-155 on osteoblast differentiation and the underlying mechanism. METHODS:The mouse osteoblast cel lines MC3T3-E1 were selected and induced by mouse bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2, 200 ng/mL) and then the miR-155 mRNA expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. MC3T3-E1 cel s were divided into control, BMP2, miR-155 and miR-155 inhibitor groups, fol owed by cultured withα-MEM medium, BMP2, miR-155 and miR-155 inhibitor, respectively, for 2 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After induction using BMP2, miR-155 expression was downregulated in a time dependent manner. The staining intensity of alizarin red in the BMP2 group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase and mRNA expression were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). The staining intensity of alizarin red, activity of alkaline phosphatase and mRNA expression in the miR-155 group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01), while al above measurements were reversed significantly by miR-155 inhibitor (P<0.05). miR-155 could bind to the 3’ untranslated region of SMAD5 mRNA and significantly downregulated the expressions of SMAD5 protein and mRNA in MC3T3-E1 cel s (P<0.01). These results show that miR-155 can inhibit MC3T3-E1osteogenic differentiation by downregulating SMAD5 expression.