BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering holds promise for vascular repair and regeneration by mimicking the extracellular matrix of blood vessels. However, achieving a functional and thick vascular wall with aligned fiber architecture by electrospinning remains a significant challenge. METHODS: A novel electrospinning setup was developed that utilizes an auxiliary electrode and a spring. The impact of process parameters on fiber size and morphology was investigated. The structure and functions of the scaffolds were evaluated through material characterization and assessments of cellular biocompatibility. RESULTS: The new setup enabled controlled deposition of fibers in different designed orientations. The fabricated small-diameter vascular scaffolds consisted of an inner layer of longitudinally oriented fibers and an outer layer of circumferentially oriented fibers (L + C vascular scaffold). Key parameters, including rotational speed, the utilization of the auxiliary electrode, and top-to-collector distance (TCD) significantly influenced fiber orientation. Additionally, voltage, TCD, feed rate, needle size, auxiliary electrode and collector-auxiliary electrode distance affected fiber diameter and distribution. Mechanical advantages and improved surface wettability of L + C vascular scaffold were confirmed through tensile testing and water contact angle. Cellular experiments indicated that L + C vascular scaffold facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation, with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells attaching and elongating along the fiber direction of the inner and outer layer, respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating fiber-aligned, thick-walled vascular scaffolds using a modified electrospinning setup. The findings provided insights into how the auxiliary electrode, specific collector influenced fiber deposition, potentially advancing biomimetic vascular scaffold engineering.

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering holds promise for vascular repair and regeneration by mimicking the extracellular matrix of blood vessels. However, achieving a functional and thick vascular wall with aligned fiber architecture by electrospinning remains a significant challenge. METHODS: A novel electrospinning setup was developed that utilizes an auxiliary electrode and a spring. The impact of process parameters on fiber size and morphology was investigated. The structure and functions of the scaffolds were evaluated through material characterization and assessments of cellular biocompatibility. RESULTS: The new setup enabled controlled deposition of fibers in different designed orientations. The fabricated small-diameter vascular scaffolds consisted of an inner layer of longitudinally oriented fibers and an outer layer of circumferentially oriented fibers (L + C vascular scaffold). Key parameters, including rotational speed, the utilization of the auxiliary electrode, and top-to-collector distance (TCD) significantly influenced fiber orientation. Additionally, voltage, TCD, feed rate, needle size, auxiliary electrode and collector-auxiliary electrode distance affected fiber diameter and distribution. Mechanical advantages and improved surface wettability of L + C vascular scaffold were confirmed through tensile testing and water contact angle. Cellular experiments indicated that L + C vascular scaffold facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation, with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells attaching and elongating along the fiber direction of the inner and outer layer, respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating fiber-aligned, thick-walled vascular scaffolds using a modified electrospinning setup. The findings provided insights into how the auxiliary electrode, specific collector influenced fiber deposition, potentially advancing biomimetic vascular scaffold engineering.

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering holds promise for vascular repair and regeneration by mimicking the extracellular matrix of blood vessels. However, achieving a functional and thick vascular wall with aligned fiber architecture by electrospinning remains a significant challenge. METHODS: A novel electrospinning setup was developed that utilizes an auxiliary electrode and a spring. The impact of process parameters on fiber size and morphology was investigated. The structure and functions of the scaffolds were evaluated through material characterization and assessments of cellular biocompatibility. RESULTS: The new setup enabled controlled deposition of fibers in different designed orientations. The fabricated small-diameter vascular scaffolds consisted of an inner layer of longitudinally oriented fibers and an outer layer of circumferentially oriented fibers (L + C vascular scaffold). Key parameters, including rotational speed, the utilization of the auxiliary electrode, and top-to-collector distance (TCD) significantly influenced fiber orientation. Additionally, voltage, TCD, feed rate, needle size, auxiliary electrode and collector-auxiliary electrode distance affected fiber diameter and distribution. Mechanical advantages and improved surface wettability of L + C vascular scaffold were confirmed through tensile testing and water contact angle. Cellular experiments indicated that L + C vascular scaffold facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation, with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells attaching and elongating along the fiber direction of the inner and outer layer, respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating fiber-aligned, thick-walled vascular scaffolds using a modified electrospinning setup. The findings provided insights into how the auxiliary electrode, specific collector influenced fiber deposition, potentially advancing biomimetic vascular scaffold engineering.

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering holds promise for vascular repair and regeneration by mimicking the extracellular matrix of blood vessels. However, achieving a functional and thick vascular wall with aligned fiber architecture by electrospinning remains a significant challenge. METHODS: A novel electrospinning setup was developed that utilizes an auxiliary electrode and a spring. The impact of process parameters on fiber size and morphology was investigated. The structure and functions of the scaffolds were evaluated through material characterization and assessments of cellular biocompatibility. RESULTS: The new setup enabled controlled deposition of fibers in different designed orientations. The fabricated small-diameter vascular scaffolds consisted of an inner layer of longitudinally oriented fibers and an outer layer of circumferentially oriented fibers (L + C vascular scaffold). Key parameters, including rotational speed, the utilization of the auxiliary electrode, and top-to-collector distance (TCD) significantly influenced fiber orientation. Additionally, voltage, TCD, feed rate, needle size, auxiliary electrode and collector-auxiliary electrode distance affected fiber diameter and distribution. Mechanical advantages and improved surface wettability of L + C vascular scaffold were confirmed through tensile testing and water contact angle. Cellular experiments indicated that L + C vascular scaffold facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation, with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells attaching and elongating along the fiber direction of the inner and outer layer, respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating fiber-aligned, thick-walled vascular scaffolds using a modified electrospinning setup. The findings provided insights into how the auxiliary electrode, specific collector influenced fiber deposition, potentially advancing biomimetic vascular scaffold engineering.

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering holds promise for vascular repair and regeneration by mimicking the extracellular matrix of blood vessels. However, achieving a functional and thick vascular wall with aligned fiber architecture by electrospinning remains a significant challenge. METHODS: A novel electrospinning setup was developed that utilizes an auxiliary electrode and a spring. The impact of process parameters on fiber size and morphology was investigated. The structure and functions of the scaffolds were evaluated through material characterization and assessments of cellular biocompatibility. RESULTS: The new setup enabled controlled deposition of fibers in different designed orientations. The fabricated small-diameter vascular scaffolds consisted of an inner layer of longitudinally oriented fibers and an outer layer of circumferentially oriented fibers (L + C vascular scaffold). Key parameters, including rotational speed, the utilization of the auxiliary electrode, and top-to-collector distance (TCD) significantly influenced fiber orientation. Additionally, voltage, TCD, feed rate, needle size, auxiliary electrode and collector-auxiliary electrode distance affected fiber diameter and distribution. Mechanical advantages and improved surface wettability of L + C vascular scaffold were confirmed through tensile testing and water contact angle. Cellular experiments indicated that L + C vascular scaffold facilitated cell adhesion and proliferation, with human umbilical vein endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells attaching and elongating along the fiber direction of the inner and outer layer, respectively. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of fabricating fiber-aligned, thick-walled vascular scaffolds using a modified electrospinning setup. The findings provided insights into how the auxiliary electrode, specific collector influenced fiber deposition, potentially advancing biomimetic vascular scaffold engineering.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a severe globally distributed liver disease that could occur at any age. Human menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) have shown therapeutic effect in acute lung injury and liver failure. However, their role in the curative effect of AIH remains unclear. Here, a classic AIH mouse model was constructed through intravenous injection with concanavalin A (Con A). MenSCs were intravenously injected while Con A injection in the treatment groups. The results showed that the mortality by Con A injection was significantly decreased by MenSCs treatment and liver function tests and histological analysis were also ameliorated. The results of phosphoproteomic analysis and RNA-seq revealed that MenSCs improved AIH, mainly by apoptosis and c-Jun N-terminal kinase/mitogen-activated protein signaling pathways. Apoptosis analysis demonstrated that the protein expression of cleaved caspase 3 was increased by Con A injection and reduced by MenSCs transplantation, consistent with the TUNEL staining results. An AML12 co-culture system and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) were used to verify the JNK/MAPK and apoptosis signaling pathways. These findings suggested that MenSCs could be a promising strategy for AIH.
Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune/pathology* ; Signal Transduction ; Disease Models, Animal ; Stem Cells

Objective:Dorsocervical fat pad is common in middle-aged women. Current treatments include surgical excision and liposuction. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of tumescent liposuction on dorsocervical fat pad. Anatomical study was also carried out to explore the anatomical structure and significance of dorsocervical fat pad.Methods:From Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2018, twenty-seven patients with dorsocervical fat pad were treated with tumescent liposuction in Peking University Third Hospital. Small incisions were made in bilateral scapular region and 4 mm suction cannula was applied. A female cadaver fixed with formaldehyde was dissected to investigate the structure of posterior cervical and dorsal region. The specimens were stained with HE and Masson staining.Results:14 patients were followed up for no less than 6 months, with an average follow-up time of 27 months. Patients＇ dorsocervical area were flat and smooth after the surgery. Patient satisfaction rate was 100% and no severe complication was reported except bruise and pain. The symptoms of dorsocervical pain in two patients were significantly improved after operation. Anatomical study showed that the dorsocervical fat pad was composed of superficial and deep layer of adipose tissue, with clear boundary between the two layers and no obvious capsule. The collagen fibers in deep layer were more and denser than those in superficial layer.Conclusions:Tumescent liposuction can effectively treat dorsocervical fat pad. The surgery outcome is ideal with little complication.Through the study of the anatomical structure of the dorsocervical fat pad, the operation method and principle of liposuction can be improved and the operation efficiency can be enhanced.

Objective: To explore the effect of reducing complication in branched spongiosum repair for hypospadias Duckett surgery. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 140 surgical infants with hypospadias Duckett surgery from January 2016 to April 2018. According to different covering materials on newly formed urethra, the experimental group (68 cases) cut dysplasia, branched spongiosum and lateral Buck′s fascia from tunica albuginea to coronary groove and then sutured over newly formed urethra, and the control group (72 cases) used Dartos fascia or subcutaneous fascia. The operative age, penile curvature, length of urethral defect, operation time, added value of coronary groove before and after operation, maximum urinary flow rate and complication rate of postoperative follow-up were compared between the two groups, and the therapeutic effect was analyzed. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in operating time[(135±49)min vs.(135±45)min, P=0.580] and the value added of coronary sulcus[(0.1±0.2)cm vs.(0.1±0.1)cm, P=0.167]. In experimental group, there were 8 cases of urethra percutaneous fistula (11.8%) (coronary groove fistula in 3 cases, 4.4%)and 6 cases of urethral stenosis (8.8%) without urethral dehiscence. In control group, there were 18 cases of urethra percutaneous fistula (25.0%)(coronary groove fistula in 11 cases, 15.3%), 10 cases of urethral stenosis (13.9%), and 2 cases of urethral dehiscence (2.8%). The incidence of postoperative urinary fistula and total complications in experimental group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), while the incidence of urethral stenosis was not statistically different between two groups (P>0.05). The maximum urine flow rate of experimental group at 6 months after surgery was significantly higher than control group[(9.5±3.8)ml/s vs.(6.8±2.8)ml/s], and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusions Urethral cavernosum reconstruction can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative coronary groove fistula of hypospadias Duckett surgery and improve the postoperative urine flow rate.

Objective To explore the effect of sequential and comprehensive preventative measures on the development of premature infants' intelligence.Methods A cohort of 120 premature infants was randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,each of 60.Both groups were given routine premature infant care,but the observation group was additionally provided with sequential and comprehensive preventive intervention.It included neonatal screening,inpatient-outpatient link-up,and their parents' watching CDs explaining early childhood education and health education.All of the infants were followed up from birth to 3 years old.Their adaptive capacity,fine motor skills,language acquisition,gross motor skills and social communication were evaluated at 12,24 and 36 months old using a child intelligence developmental scale for neurological development.Development intelligence quotients (DQs) were calculated and compared.Results After 12 months,significant inter-group differences were observed in adaptability and fine motor control.At 24 and 36 months old there were also significant differences in language skills.At one,two and 3 years old the average DQ of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group.Significant within-group differences in average DQ were observed in both groups between 1 and 2 years old,but not between 2 and 3.Conclusion Intervention within two years after birth is critical for premature infants.Timely,sequential,integrated,preventive intervention can promote the development of intelligence and better life quality for premature infants.

Objective To evaluate the short-term outcome of the Kelly procedure for bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex.Methods Kelly procedure was performed in 5 cases from December 2015 in our institute. Retrospective analysis was done including the surgery and follow up.Results Two bladder exstrophy boys had histories of primary bladder closure without bladder neck reconstruction during the neonatal period. Another three epispadias boys had sever urethral defects with full incontinence. All cases undertook Kelly procedure and were followed up for 7.8 months (2-12 months). No severe complications such as glanular necrosis, urethral stricture and urethrocutaneous fistula was observed. Four cases were fully continent and one epispadias case had stress incontinence.Conclusions Kelly procedure produced satisfactory urinary continence and phallic cosmetics in bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex in children. Proper identification of the pudendal neurovascular bundle and repair of the external sphincter by levatorplasty help improve the outcome.