Objective To investigate the correlation between non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C),homocysteine(Hey)levels and cognitive impairment,prognosis in patients with thalamic infarction.Methods Eighty thalamic infarction patients admitted to Puyang People's Hospital from March 2017 to March 2021 were selected as the research sub-jects.According to Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)score,the patients were divided into cognitive impairment group(MoCA score＜26,n=35)and cognitive normal group(MoCA score 26-30,n=45).Another 50 healthy individuals who un-derwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as the control group.The serum cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),Hcy levels of all subjects were detected by fully automated biochemical analyzer,and the non-HDL-C levels were calculated.The correlations between non-HDL-C,Hey levels and MoCA scores were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis,and the diagnostic efficacy of non-HDL-C,Hcy levels for cognitive impairment of patients with tha-lamic infarction was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve.According to the modified Rankin scale(mRS)score,the patients with thalamic infarction were divided into good prognosis group(mRS score ≤2,n=50)and poor prognosis group(mRS score 3-6,n=50).The independent risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with thalamic infarction was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results The serum levels of non-HDL-C and Hcy of patients in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the cognitive normal group and control group(P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the serum non-HDL-C,Hcy levels of subjects between the control group and the cognitive normal group(P＞0.05).The non-HDL-C,Hcy levels were negatively correlated with MoCA scores in thalamic infarction patients(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of Hcy level in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment was 0.709,the sensitivity was 0.724 and the specificity was 0.630;the AUC of non-HDL-C level in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment was 0.738,the sensitivity was 0.701 and the specificity was 0.870;the AUC of Hey combined with non-HDL-C in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment was 0.769,the sensitivity was 0.758 and the specificity was 0.889.The diagnostic efficacy of Hey combined with non-HDL-C for cognitive impairment was superior to that of non-HDL-C or Hey alone.Atrial fibrillation,elevated levels of non-HDL-C,Hcy and NIHSS score were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with thalamic infarction(P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of non-HDL-C and Hey are positively correlated with cognitive impairment in patients with thalamic infarction.The levels of non-HDL-C and Hey can be used to diagnose cognitive impairmnent in patients with thalamic infarction,and the combined detection has a better diagnostic effect.Atrial fibrillation,elevated levels of non-HDL-C,Hcy and NIHSS score are independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with thalamic infarction.

Background::The conversion of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) through deamination is the prevailing form of RNA editing, impacting numerous nuclear and cytoplasmic transcripts across various eukaryotic species. Millions of high-confidence RNA editing sites have been identified and integrated into various RNA databases, providing a convenient platform for the rapid identification of key drivers of cancer and potential therapeutic targets. However, the available database for integration of RNA editing in hematopoietic cells and hematopoietic malignancies is still lacking.Methods::We downloaded RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of 29 leukemia patients and 19 healthy donors from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and RNA-seq data of 12 mouse hematopoietic cell populations obtained from our previous research were also used. We performed sequence alignment, identified RNA editing sites, and obtained characteristic editing sites related to normal hematopoietic development and abnormal editing sites associated with hematologic diseases.Results::We established a new database, "REDH", represents RNA editome in hematopoietic differentiation and malignancy. REDH is a curated database of associations between RNA editome and hematopoiesis. REDH integrates 30,796 editing sites from 12 murine adult hematopoietic cell populations and systematically characterizes more than 400,000 edited events in malignant hematopoietic samples from 48 cohorts (human). Through the Differentiation, Disease, Enrichment, and knowledge modules, each A-to-I editing site is systematically integrated, including its distribution throughout the genome, its clinical information (human sample), and functional editing sites under physiological and pathological conditions. Furthermore, REDH compares the similarities and differences of editing sites between different hematologic malignancies and healthy control.Conclusions::REDH is accessible at http://www.redhdatabase.com/. This user-friendly database would aid in understanding the mechanisms of RNA editing in hematopoietic differentiation and malignancies. It provides a set of data related to the maintenance of hematopoietic homeostasis and identifying potential therapeutic targets in malignancies.

Objective:To analyze and compare the association between different obesity-related indices and vitamin D deficiency in middle-aged and elderly population dwelled in Lanzhou city.Methods:From May, 2011 to September, 2012, middle-aged and elderly individuals with complete baseline data were included via randomly cluster sampling from 3 communities in Lanzhou. The subjects were divided into 4 subgroups by vitamin D levels and various obesity-related indices were compared across subgroups with the same gender. The relationship between the obesity-related indices and the severity of vitamin D deficiency was analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis, and the effects of different obesity-related indices on the severity of vitamin D deficiency was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results:A total of 9 437 residents were included. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 97.7%. Compared with the group with lower vitamin D level, participants in the group with higher vitamin D level showed evidently lower body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), lipid accumulation product (LAP), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and triglyceride/ high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio in the total population and females, while only WC, LAP, VAI and TG/HDL-C in the males (all P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that BMI, WC, LAP, VAI and TG/HDL-C were positively correlated with the severity of vitamin D deficiency in the total population and the females, while only LAP, VAI and TG/HDL-C in the males (all P<0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher levels of these obesity related indices were correlated with more severe vitamin D deficiency in the total population and the females, while only higher LAP, VAI and TG/HDL-C in the males (all P<0.05). The effects of higher LAP was the most prominant in the total population ,the females and the males. Conclusion:Various obesity phenotypes are closely related to vitamin D deficiency in middle-aged and elderly women, while only visceral obesity and abnormal lipid metabolism are related to vitamin D deficiency in middle-aged and elderly men, with LAP being the most important influencing factor.

The gummy smile means excessive gingival display, which impairs patients’ appearance, psychological status, and social relationships. With the development of orthodontics, orthognathics, periodontics, and plastic surgeries, the treatment of the gummy smile turned into comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches. The etiology and recently developed approaches will be reviewed in this article.

The gummy smile means excessive gingival display, which impairs patients’ appearance, psychological status, and social relationships. With the development of orthodontics, orthognathics, periodontics, and plastic surgeries, the treatment of the gummy smile turned into comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches. The etiology and recently developed approaches will be reviewed in this article.

The gummy smile means excessive gingival display, which impairs patients’ appearance, psychological status, and social relationships. With the development of orthodontics, orthognathics, periodontics, and plastic surgeries, the treatment of the gummy smile turned into comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches. The etiology and recently developed approaches will be reviewed in this article.

The gummy smile means excessive gingival display, which impairs patients’ appearance, psychological status, and social relationships. With the development of orthodontics, orthognathics, periodontics, and plastic surgeries, the treatment of the gummy smile turned into comprehensive multidisciplinary approaches. The etiology and recently developed approaches will be reviewed in this article.

Objective:To manufacture one kind of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic by hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalciumphosphate (β-TCP), and to further investigate its compatibility and its efficacy of ectopic bone formation.Methods:BCP was prepared with the ratio of HA and β-TCP at 6/4 using precipitation and H 2O 2 foaming method and then sintered at 1 100 ℃ for 3 hours. The chemical composition of BCP was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD). BMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat and seeded on BCP. The adhesion and morphology of BMSCs on BCP was observed under scanning electron microscope(SEM) and special staining. Cell proliferation was quantified by cell counting kit-8(CCK8) assay. Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of BMSCs was measured by ALP assay kit. For further confirmation, the intramuscularly ectopic implantation models of Beagle were used, general observation, histological, and histomorphometric analyses were conducted at 4, 8, 12 weeks after implantation. Results:BCPs were successfully manufactured. XRD analysis showed the specific diffraction peaks of HA and β-TCP. SEM showed that the surface of the BCP ceramics was widely distributed with macropores and connections, and the pore walls were rough, and the micropores were evenly distributed in the macropores. Phalloidin and DAPI staining showed that the BMSCs extended and adhered to the surface of the material, and the shape gradually changed from irregularity to uniform long spindle. CCK8 method showed that although the cell viability decreased on the first day after coculture, on the third, fourth, fifth and seventh days, the cell viability gradually increased. The assay of alkaline phosphatase activity indicated that BMSCs cultured on the BCP could secrete more alkaline phosphatase on day 1 and 7 compared with the control group. BCP implanted in the muscle could generate osteoid/bone tissue at 8 weeks and 12 weeks, the number of osteoid/bone filled pores were 0.77±0.11, the percentage of osteoid/bone tissue inside the pores were 0.71±0.14.Conclusions:The BCP had a good biocompatibility and favorable efficacy of ectopic osteoinduction.

Objective:To manufacture one kind of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic by hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalciumphosphate (β-TCP), and to further investigate its compatibility and its efficacy of ectopic bone formation.Methods:BCP was prepared with the ratio of HA and β-TCP at 6/4 using precipitation and H 2O 2 foaming method and then sintered at 1 100 ℃ for 3 hours. The chemical composition of BCP was investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD). BMSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat and seeded on BCP. The adhesion and morphology of BMSCs on BCP was observed under scanning electron microscope(SEM) and special staining. Cell proliferation was quantified by cell counting kit-8(CCK8) assay. Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of BMSCs was measured by ALP assay kit. For further confirmation, the intramuscularly ectopic implantation models of Beagle were used, general observation, histological, and histomorphometric analyses were conducted at 4, 8, 12 weeks after implantation. Results:BCPs were successfully manufactured. XRD analysis showed the specific diffraction peaks of HA and β-TCP. SEM showed that the surface of the BCP ceramics was widely distributed with macropores and connections, and the pore walls were rough, and the micropores were evenly distributed in the macropores. Phalloidin and DAPI staining showed that the BMSCs extended and adhered to the surface of the material, and the shape gradually changed from irregularity to uniform long spindle. CCK8 method showed that although the cell viability decreased on the first day after coculture, on the third, fourth, fifth and seventh days, the cell viability gradually increased. The assay of alkaline phosphatase activity indicated that BMSCs cultured on the BCP could secrete more alkaline phosphatase on day 1 and 7 compared with the control group. BCP implanted in the muscle could generate osteoid/bone tissue at 8 weeks and 12 weeks, the number of osteoid/bone filled pores were 0.77±0.11, the percentage of osteoid/bone tissue inside the pores were 0.71±0.14.Conclusions:The BCP had a good biocompatibility and favorable efficacy of ectopic osteoinduction.

Objective:The differentially expressed genes were screened from microarray data in the patients with non-syndromic craniosynostosis, and a protein interaction network was established to screen and predict hub genes related to the disease.Methods:The data set of GSE50796 were downloaded from the GEO database, which included seven samples of the closed cranial suture tissues from the non-syndromic craniosynostosis patients, and seven samples of the unclosed cranial suture tissues from the non-syndromic craniosynostosis patients. Analyze the differentially expressed genes were collected and analyzed with GEO2R, a GEO database online tool. P<0.05 and |logFC|> 2 were set as filter criteria. The ggplot2 of R package was applied for GO enrichment analysis, and the KEGG pathway analysis was completed with Enrichr. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed via GSEA 3.0 to analyze the correlation between gene sets and phenotypes. Secondly, the STRING database was used to analyze the interaction relationships between differentially expressed proteins in different tissues, and then Cytoscape and related plug-ins were used to establish the differentially expressed protein interaction network and screen the hub genes. Meanwhile, the key modules, important biological processes, and multiple co-expression relationships were analyzed. Results:A total of 255 differentially expressed genes based on the above screening conditions were obtained. The regulation of neural development screened by GO enrichment analysis, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway screened by KEGG enrichment analysis, the important biological pathways (DNA replication, cell cycle, cytokine and receptor interaction) screened by GSEA enrichment analysis, and the positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation screened by ClueGO analysis, might be closely related to the etiology of non-syndromic craniosynostosis. The up-regulated hub genes such as CLEC12A, MS4A3 and DNTT in the group with closed sutures were screened by protein-protein interaction network and literature analysis, which might play a vital role in the pathogenic processes of non-syndromic craniosynostosis.Conclusions:With the multi-dimensional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes and the establishment of protein interaction networks, we have deepened our understanding of differentially expressed genes, important biological processes and signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of non-syndromic craniosynostosis. The selected hub genes may become early diagnostic markers and potential molecular therapeutic targets.