【Objective】 To investigate the resource allocation status of blood testing laboratories in 14 blood stations in Gansu Province, explore the impact of differences in basic conditions on the comprehensive testing ability of laboratories, so as to promote the homogenization and standardization of blood screening capacity in blood stations in Gansu and improve blood safety and effectivenes. 【Methods】 An evaluation index system of laboratory resource allocation was constructed and a question-naire was designed. The data of human resources, infrastructure and key equipment of 14 blood stations were collected. The entropy weight -TOPSIS method was used to evaluate and rank the resource allocation of 14 blood stations. 【Results】 In the comprehensive evaluation of blood testing laboratory resource allocation in 14 blood stations in Gansu, the top three were laboratories A, B and I, and the last three were laboratories G, M and J. On the whole, the main issue was unreasonable structure of human resources: most laboratories had unreasonable age structure; except for Laboratory A, there was no personnel with bachelor's degree or above in laboratories; most laboratories had not established a team with intermediate professional titles. In terms of infrastructure, the size of seven laboratories could not meet the needs of modern laboratory testing, and all eight blood stations had no spare nucleic acid laboratories nor a mutual spare laboratory with other blood stations As for the key equipment, 5 laboratories had no automatic blood grouping diagnostic instrument, 5 laboratories only had one set of enzyme immunoassay detection system, 3 laboratories had no spare equipment for the key equipment, which means if the equipment failure could not be repaired in time, the release of results would be affected. 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in human resources, infrastructure and key equipment of blood testing laboratories in 14 blood stations in Gansu, which had a great impact on laboratory testing capacity and subsequent development. It is suggested that governments at all levels and health administrative departments optimize the input of laboratory resource allocation according to the blood collection volume of blood stations to gradually narrow the differences in resource distribution between different regions, improve the degree of laboratory automation and optimize the personnel structure, so as to build high-quality and efficient blood testing laboratories and ensure the safety of clinical blood use.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the pregnancy outcomes of patients with adenomyosis requiring fertility in a single center under real world condition.Methods:From June 2015 to May 2020, 231 cases of pregnancy complicated with adenomyosis diagnosed by ultrasound with fertility requirements were treated in the Women′s and Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University with complete clinical data. And they were divided into three groups according to the treatment of adenomyosis before pregnancy: expectation group, drug group and operation group. The relevant data before pregnancy of the three groups were analyzed, and the pregnancy outcomes of the patients were summarized. According to whether the early pregnancy was treated with medication, the patients who were naturally conceived without symptoms of threatened abortion were divided into observation group and fetus protection group, and the pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results:(1) Compared with the expectation group, the ages of patients in the drug group and the operation group were larger [(31.5±1.8) vs (34.1±3.7) vs (36.9±3.6) years old], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Only 9 patients (11.5%, 9/78) had clinical symptoms in the expectation group, while the patients in the drug group and the operation group had a higher proportion of dysmenorrhea and increased menstrual volume. The uterine volume of the drug group and the operation group were larger than that of the expectation group [(151±46) vs (166±27) vs (97±18) cm 3], the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). 78.6% (33/42) of the operation group were focal adenomyosis. The proportion of natural pregnancy in the expectation group was 97.4% (76/78), and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer was mainly used in the drug group and the operation group. (2) The abortion rates of the three groups were 48.7% (26/111), 4/17, 67.5% (27/78) respectively. Compared with the drug group and the operation group, the preterm birth rate was lower [55.9% (33/111) vs 11/17 vs 12.5% (5/78)] and the natural delivery rate was higher [44.1% (26/111) vs 4/17 vs 67.5% (27/78)] in the expectation group. (3) There were 89 cases of spontaneous pregnancy without threatened abortion symptoms, including 31 cases in the observation group and 58 cases in the fetus protection group. Compared with the observation group, the abortion rate of patients in the fetus protection group was lower [41.9% (13/31) vs 34.5% (20/58)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Patients with adenomyosis who have fertility requirements should be comprehensively evaluated and individualized treatment plans should be given. Pregnancy patients with adenomyosis have a high rate of miscarriage, and they should be included in the management of high-risk pregnant women. Active fetal protection treatment during early pregnancy might improve pregnancy outcomes.

Chloroquine (CQ) phosphate has been suggested to be clinically effective in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for predicting tissue distribution of CQ and apply it to optimize dosage regimens, a PBPK model, with parameterization of drug distribution extrapolated from animal data, was developed to predict human tissue distribution of CQ. The physiological characteristics of time-dependent accumulation was mimicked through an active transport mechanism. Several dosing regimens were proposed based on PBPK simulation combined with known clinical exposure-response relationships. The model was also validated by clinical data from Chinese patients with COVID-19. The novel PBPK model allows in-depth description of the pharmacokinetics of CQ in several key organs (lung, heart, liver, and kidney), and was applied to design dosing strategies in patients with acute COVID-19 (Day 1: 750 mg BID, Days 2-5: 500 mg BID, CQ phosphate), patients with moderate COVID-19 (Day 1: 750 mg and 500 mg, Days 2-3: 500 mg BID, Days 4-5: 250 mg BID, CQ phosphate), and other vulnerable populations (.., renal and hepatic impairment and elderly patients, Days 1-5: 250 mg BID, CQ phosphate). A PBPK model of CQ was successfully developed to optimize dosage regimens for patients with COVID-19.

Objective To investigate the clinical application value of the real-time shear wave elastography (SWE)technology in the curative evaluation on Hashimoto′s thyroiditis(HT)patients treated with prednisone. Methods Applying SWE technology to determine the Young′s modulus value of thyroid tissue of 45 HT cases with subclinical hypothyroidism before and one month after treatment. Results 1 month after prednisone treat-ment,the Young′s modulus value and serum thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),thyroid-peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)and thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb)were observed significantly changed before and one month after treatment(P < 0.05,respectively). The various modulus value was found reduced with different degrees,but the serum TSH was shown back to normal after the treatment with prednisone. Conclusions By quantitative determi-nation of Young′s modulus value,the hardness of organization information was obtained objectively,which could provide more meaningful reference basis to evaluate the treatment of prednisone for HT.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of modular flexible ureteroscope combined with holmium laser lithotripsy in treatment of bilateral renal calculi smaller than 1.5 cm. Methods Clinical data of 24 patients from August 2013 to March 2016 using a modular flexible ureteroscope in treatment of bilateral renal calculi smaller than 1.5 cm was retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data included operation time, stone clearance rate and occurrence of complications. Results All the 24 patients were successfully placed in bilateral ureteral sheath soft lenses, and enter lithotripsy smoothly. The operation time was 40~105 (71.0 ± 21.5) min. Lithotripsy success rate was 100.00% and 1 month stone clearance rate was 89.50% (43/48), 5 sides with residual stones diameter 7~10 mm, were given extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, 3 months stone clearance rate was 93.75% (45/48), 3 sides with residual stones 5~7 mm located lower calyx accepted regular review. 4 cases with postoperative fever were cured after anti-inflammatory treatment. There was no bleeding, ureteral perforation, postoperative avulsion, renal dysfunction, septic shock and other complications. Conclusion Modular flexible ureteroscope lithotripsy in treatment of bilateral renal calculi smaller than 1.5 cm is safe and effective.

Objective To study the differential expression of apoptosis related genes in GJB2 gene conditional knockout mice (cCx26Pax2Cre ) cochlea membranous labyrinth ,and to explore the mechanism of GJB2 gene mutations causing deafness .Methods Two developmental stages of P10 and P18 were selected from the knock out mice and the wild type ones (BALB/C) .The total RNA was isolated from cochlear membranous labyrinth and PCR array was performed using mouse apoptosis PCR arrays .Results Compared with wild -type mice ,significant up or down -regulation in gene expression was detected in 16 genes in cCx26Pax2Cre ones at P10 .Of the 16 genes ,14 ones were down-regulated .Among the 14 genes ,9 ones can be classified as anti -apoptosis or pro -proliferation genes ,5 ones can be classified as pro -apoptosis or pro -inflammation genes .The other 2 genes expression was up-regula-ted ,and their main role was to promote apoptosis .Compared with time -matched controls ,significant up or down-regulation in gene expression was detected in 4 genes in cCx26Pax2Cre mice at P18 .Of the 4 genes ,3 ones expression was down-regulated ,were anti-apoptosis ones .The expression of the other one gene among the 4 ones was up-regulated ,which acted as pro -apoptosis genes .Bcl2l10 and Tnfrsf10b expression showed significant down or up -regulation at both stages . Compared with P10 , the expression of caspase - 8 was up - ragulated at P18 in cCx26Pax2Cre mice .Conclusion It is suggested that GJB2 mutation may up -regulate the expression of DR5 ,which can trigger the death receptor pathway to cause apoptosis in cCx 26Pax2Cre mice cochlea directly .At the same time , caspase-8 in death receptor pathway may activate the mitochondria pathway indirectly and amplify the apoptosis further in cCx26Pax2Cre mice cochlea .The final result of the above activated pathways is the wide range of cochlear cells apoptosis and the profound hearing loss in cCx 26Pax2Cre mice .

Mucin as an important member in gastrointestinal mucus layer has become the focus of research. Many studies suggested that MUC1 mucin is involved in the mechanism of Helicobacter pylori( Hp)infection. It is important to understand the relationship between MUC1 mucin and Hp for preventing Hp infection and gastric cancer. This article reviewed the relationship between MUC1 mucin and Hp.

Objective:To prepare GST-Orai2 fusion protein and to prepare polyclonal antibody against Orai2 by immunizing rabbits.To further investigate the function of Orai2,a transmembrane protein,this antibody was used to identify the Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice.Methods:ORF of Orai2 was amplified by PCR and subcloned into pGEX-6p-1 vector.After transforming BL21 (DE3) competent cells,we succeeded in inducing the expression of GST-Orai2 fusion protein using IPTG.Then the GST-Orai2 protein was purified by immobilized Glutathione affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE.A New England rabbit was immunized with the prepared fusion protein in Freund's adjuvant to prepare specific antibody.Finally,the prepared antibody was identified by Western blot by checking its titer and specificity.Furthermore,we took use of the prepared Orai2 antibody to identify Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice,with comparing to the wildtype ones in the same cage.Results:The purity of purified GST-Orai2 reached to 90% and the concentration was 0.35 mg/ml by BCA kit.We could detect Orai2 protein even in dilution of 1:10,000.Also,the prepared polyclonal antibody agianst Orai2 could detect both overexpressed and endogenous Orai2 protein in mouse-brain,without crossing reaction with Orai1.As well,we found that the Orai2 protein expression was of obvious reduction in Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice,compared with the wildtype ones in the same cage.Conclusion:We successfully obtain the purified GST-Orai2 fusion protein and prepare specific and highly sensitive polyclonal antibody against Orai2.The antibody can be used to detect overexpressed and endogenous Orai2 protein inmouse-brain specifically,and to identify Orai2 conditional gene knockout mice,without any crossing reaction with Orai1.Our work contributes a lot to the future investigation of functions of Orai2.

Objective To analyze the outcome of total knee arthroplasty with retaining patellar in osteoarthritis.Methods 45 knee joints in osteoarthritis were performed operatively with posterior stabilized knee arthroplasty between January 2005 and June 2008. The series include 7 sides(males) and 38 sides(females). The mean age of patients was 65.7 years ranging from 52 to 79 years, and the data were analyzed by The Hospital for Special Surgery(HSS) score system. Results The follow-up period was averagely 25 months ranging from 8 to 51 months. According to HSS score system, 28 sides were rated as excellent（62.2%）, 12 sides as good（26.7%）, 4 fair（8.9%）and 1 poor（2.2%）, and the excellent-good rate was 88.9%. Conclusion Posterior stabilized knee arthroplasty with retaining patellar represents a simple and valuable treatment methodology for the most osteoarthritis of the knee joint.

The time of six meridians diseases tending to be cured in Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Cold Diseases) is always one of the key points for study, but up till now no satisfied explanations are made. The authors try to study it on the basis of the theory of "three-yin and three-yang" according to the relationship between human body and the environment.