Xiaoxuming decoction is one of the classical prescriptions in ancient times,mainly used for treating stroke syndrome,with significant therapeutic effects.Recent studies have found that it is also effective for other neurological diseases besides stroke,such as facial paralysis and vertigo,but there are few reports on related achievements,lacking systematic organization and summary.This article systematically summarizes the application practice and mechanism of Xiaoxuming decoction in the above-mentioned diseases,aiming to provide a solid foundation and scientific reference for deepening the exploration of Xiaoxuming decoction in the field of nervous system disease.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of dapagliflozin in patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:A total of 82 patients with early diabetic nephropathy who were treated in Wuhu No.1 People′s Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the conventional group (41 cases) and the dapagliflozin group (41 cases) according to the random number table method. The patients in the conventional group were given original hypoglycemic treatment and the patients in the dapagliflozin group were given dapagliflozin treatment on the former basis, the patients in the two groups were treated for 12 weeks. The levels renal function index, blood glucose index, glomerular filtration index and the occurrence of adverse reactions during the treatment period were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the total clinical effective rate in the dapagliflozin group was higher than that in the conventional group: 95.12%(39/41) vs. 78.05%(32/41), there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 4.96, P<0.05). The levels of urine albumin/creatinine (UACR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) , serum creatinine (SCr), fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c), cystatin C (Cys-C) in the dapagliflozin group were lower than those in the conventional group: (49.73 ± 11.65) mg/g vs. (67.26 ± 10.04) mg/g, (6.96 ± 0.54) mmol/L vs. (7.25 ± 0.48) mmol/L, (76.82 ± 2.86) μmol/L vs. (78.59 ± 3.06) μmol/L, (8.58 ± 0.18) mmol/L vs. (8.80 ± 0.32) mmol/L, (8.03 ± 0.42) mmol/L vs. (8.56 ± 0.44) mmol/L, (7.06 ± 0.57)% vs. (7.52 ± 1.06)%, (1.47 ± 0.50) mg/L vs. (1.84 ± 0.55) mg/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The level of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between the two groups had no significant differences ( P>0.05). The incidence of total adverse reactions in dapagliflozin group was lower than that in control group: 7.32%(3/41) vs. 24.39%(10/41), there was statistical difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Dapagliflozin has a good effect in the treatment of patients with early diabetic nephropathy. It can lower glucose, improve Cys-C, reduce urinary microalbumin and protect renal function.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features and gene mutation characteristics of a child with mitochondrial enoyl-CoA hydratase short chain 1 deficiency (ECHS1D) caused by enoyl-CoA hydratase short chain 1 ( ECHS1) gene mutation. Methods:The clinical characteristics and genetic test results of a child with ECHS1D who visited the Department of Neurology of Xuzhou Children′s Hospital in January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and the clinical features of the disease were also reviewed by searching relevant domestic and foreign literature.Results:The child was a 6 months and 4 days old male, with acute onset, the main clinical manifestation being limb movement disorder after admission. The child had slow motor development, his head was still upright and cannot turn over, the child also cannot sit alone, follow up and make a laugh, and the muscle tension of limbs was increased. The child′s blood lactate was increased to 6.2 mmol/L, which suggested metabolic acidosis, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head showed abnormal signals in the basal ganglia on both sides, abnormal enhancement of the meninges of the left cerebral hemisphere. Whole exome sequencing revealed that the child had compound heterozygous mutations in ECHS1 gene, c.563C>T (p.A188V) and c.5C>T (p.A2V), respectively. The child′s father carried c.563C>T mutation, the mother carried c.5C>T mutation, all of which were missense mutations. Conclusions:ECHS1 gene mainly has missense mutations, most of which are compound heterozygous mutations, and a few are homozygous mutations. The ECHS1D caused by ECHS1 gene mutation often affects infants and young children. MRI suggests abnormal signals in the basal ganglia; for cases with the above clinical manifestations and abnormal signals in the basal ganglia on MRI, genetic testing should be considered to confirm the diagnosis.

Objective:To explore the application value of three-dimensional visualization technology in the analysis of anatomic variation of peripancreatic vessels in patients with pancreatic space occupation.Methods:A total of 98 cases in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Fuyang People's Hospital from June 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Of 94 patients were enrolled, including 56 males and 38 females, aged (61.2±7.2) years. Abdominal organs and blood vessels were reconstructed by 3D visualization technology, and anatomic variation of peripancreatic vessels was analyzed, including abdominal trunk, hepatic artery system, portal vein system and dorsal pancreatic artery.Results:The three-dimensional reconstruction rate of celiac trunk vessels was 100.0% (94/94). The 60 cases of abnormal celiac trunk were as follows: liver and spleen trunk in 5 cases (5.3%), stomach and spleen trunk in 1 case (1.1%), liver, stomach and spleen mesentery trunk in 3 cases (3.2%), liver, stomach and spleen mesentery trunk in 17 cases (18.1%), celiac trunk with one or more inferior phrenic arteries in 34 cases (36.2%). There were 69 cases (73.4%) of Michels type Ⅰ, 2 cases (2.1%) of Michels type Ⅲ, 1 case (1.1%) of Michels Ⅴ, 2 cases (2.1%) of Ⅷ, and 1 case (1.1%) of type Ⅸ of hepatic artery system. There were 17 cases (18.1%) of accessory left hepatic artery from celiac trunk which did not belong to Michels classification. Left accessory hepatic artery originated from left gastric artery and left hepatic artery originated from superior mesenteric artery in 1 case (1.1%), right accessory hepatic artery originated from celiac trunk combined with proper hepatic artery and right anterior hepatic artery combined with gastroduodenal artery originated from right posterior hepatic artery in 1 case (1.1%). Abnormal walking of dorsal pancreatic artery in 3 cases. The inferior mesenteric vein flowed into the superior mesenteric vein in 38 cases (40.4%), and the inferior mesenteric vein flowed into the splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein in 4 cases (4.3%).Conclusion:Three-dimensional visualization technique is helpful to determine the variation of peripancreatic vessels, and has certain significance for accurate preoperative evaluation and surgical guidance of patients with pancreatic space occupation.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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Leigh syndrome (French-Canadian type, LSFC) is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary severe neurological disorder that begins in infancy. Herein we report a case with LSFC in China. The patient was 8 months old, male, whose clinical manifestations included delayed development, low muscle tone, unstable vertical head, inability to sit alone, cognitive impairment, slightly smaller forehead, oblique eyes, epilepsy, etc. Gene sequencing results showed that the LRPPRC gene in the infant had complex heterozygous mutations of c.2989G>A (newly reported) and c.4078G>A. Combined with the clinical manifestations, gene mutations and literatures, the infant was diagnosed as LSFC, and symptomatic rehabilitation was performed. The results of genetic testing can contribute to the early diagnosis and genetic counseling of LSFC patients, and help reduce the burden on the patients and their families.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of levocarnitine combined with Yougui Capsule on oligospermia and asthenospermia in male patients and its adverse effects. Methods Eighty male patients with oligospermia admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with levocarnitine alone, and study group was additionally given Yougui Capsule. The total effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, semen quality parameters and changes of sex hormones were compared between the two groups after 3 months of treatment. Results The total effective rate, plasma testosterone (T) level, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the study group were 87. 50％, (812. 3 ±130. 2) ng/dL, and (9. 1 ± 3. 5) IU/L, respectively, which were superior to 65. 0％, (778. 4 ±113. 2) ng/dL, (8. 0 ± 2. 1) IU/L, in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (2. 50％ vs.20. 00％, P ＜ 0. 05). The semen quality parameters of the study group were significantly better than the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion The combination of levocarnitine and Yougui Capsule can effectively improve the sex hormone level and sperm quality, improve the reproductive function, which have fewer adverse reactions, and is safe and reliable.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of levocarnitine combined with Yougui Capsule on oligospermia and asthenospermia in male patients and its adverse effects. Methods Eighty male patients with oligospermia admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with levocarnitine alone, and study group was additionally given Yougui Capsule. The total effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, semen quality parameters and changes of sex hormones were compared between the two groups after 3 months of treatment. Results The total effective rate, plasma testosterone (T) level, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in the study group were 87. 50％, (812. 3 ±130. 2) ng/dL, and (9. 1 ± 3. 5) IU/L, respectively, which were superior to 65. 0％, (778. 4 ±113. 2) ng/dL, (8. 0 ± 2. 1) IU/L, in the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (2. 50％ vs.20. 00％, P ＜ 0. 05). The semen quality parameters of the study group were significantly better than the control group (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion The combination of levocarnitine and Yougui Capsule can effectively improve the sex hormone level and sperm quality, improve the reproductive function, which have fewer adverse reactions, and is safe and reliable.

Objective To establish a rapid,high-efficiency and clean way to monitor and pretreat the radioactivity in foods.Methods Food samples,20 kg each of cabbage,crucian,shrimp,pork and 20 L of milk,were collected around Qinshan nuclear power plant,totaling 10 samples for each food.Each type of foods was arranged in two groups each with 10 samples.Samples were pretreated using traditional ashing method (TAM) and microwave ashing method (WAM) separately.HDEHP were used for 90Sr separation and measurement.Calculations were made for the time spent on food pretreatment.The ash-fresh ratio and the recovery rate of 90Sr by the two different method were calculated,with the quality of ash being evaluated.Results The mean time spent on pretreatment was cabbage 20 h,crucian 54 h,shrimp 46 h,pork 58 h and milk 74 h for TAM group,and cabbage 8.5 h,crucian 26 h,shrimp 23 h,pork 26 h and milk 30 h for WAM group,respectively.The time spent by WAM was half the time less than by TAM,especially for animal edible product.The ash-fresh ratios from WAM group were higher than from TAM group.The recovery rates of 90Sr from WAM group in the analytical process were all above 75％,higher than from TAM group.Ashes produced by WAM were hoary,uniform,carbon residue-free and fully ashed.Conclusions WAM pretreatment can pretreat food rapidly,efficiently,cleanly with less loss and better ashing effect.These can meet the requirement of rapid pretreatment of radioactivity in food.

Objective Preliminarily discussing the effects of VEGF and SOX2 on metastasis and progno-sis of squamous cell lung carcinoma(SCLC).Methods Using immunohistochemical method to detect 47 cases of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and 30 cases of para-carcinoma tissue in the expression of VEGF and SOX2, using statistical methods to analyze the expression of VEGF and SOX2 and the relationship between clinical parame-ters and its relationship with prognosis. Results The positive expression rates of VEGF,SOX2 in SCLC tissues were higher than adjacent normal tissues.There was a significant correlation between VEGF and SOX2 expression. VEGF expression was associated with lymph node metastases and TNM stage.SOX2 expression was associated with tumor differentiation and lymph node status.Survival analysis indicated that VEGF(+)/SOX2(+)patients had the worst prognosis.Furthermore,multivariate analysis suggested that tumor diameter and lymph node metastases were independent prognostic factors for SCLC. Conclusion The expression of VEGF was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage,the expression of SOX2 was positively correlated with tumor differentia-tion degree and lymph node metastasis,and high expression of VEGF and SOX2 may indicate lung squamous can-cer patients with poor prognosis.