ObjectiveTo analyze the trend and influencing factors of low birth weight (LBW) among newborns in Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022, so as to provide references for the development of intervention measures reducing the rate of LBW. MethodsBirth surveillance data of Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022 were collected and organized, and the annual percentage change (APC) of LBW was calculated by using Joinpoint 5.0.2 software for trend change analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of LBW. ResultsThe overall incidence of LBW was 3.71% in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2008 to 2022. Joinpoint trend analysis showed that the incidence of LBW in Chongming District had an upward trend (APC=5.49%, 95%CI: 3.31%‒7.72%, P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth, multiple births, female infants, birth defects, first pregnancy, primiparity, and a young father age (<20 years) were risk factors for LBW in Chongming District. Among the term infants, female infants, birth defects, and first pregnancy were risk factors for LBW (P<0.05). Female infants, birth defects, first pregnancy, primiparity, advanced maternal age (≥35 years), and a young father age (<20 years) were risk factors in singleton neonates. ConclusionThe incidence of LBW among newborns is on the rise in Chongming District of Shanghai. Therefore, high risk groups need to be identified, and prenatal check-ups and pregnancy care should be strengthened to reduce the risk of neonatal LBW.

Objective To analyze the residual status,transfer behavior,and risk of paclobutrazole in the national mar-ket of Shenmai granules.Methods GC-MS/MS determined the residual amount of paclobutrazol in Shenmai granules,and ANOVA analyzed the distribution characteristics of sample residuals.The transfer rule of paclobutrazol from Ophiopogonis Radix to Shenmai granules was investigated by simulating the production process,and chronic exposure assessment was performed using the point evaluation model.Results The established method can accurately determine the residual amount of paclobutrazol in Shenmai granules.The residual amount of paclobutrazol in 85 batches of Shenmai granules ranged from 0.001 3 to 0.015 8 mg·kg-1,and there was a statistical difference in the residual amount among different enterprise samples.The transfer rate of paclobutrazol from decoction pieces to preparations was 29.8%.The chronic risk quotient(HQc)of paclobutrazol residues in Shenmai granules was 0.000 7%,far lower than 1.Conclusion There is a general presence of paclobutrazol residues in Shenmai granules.The risk assessment results show that the normal dosage of Shenmai granules does not pose an unacceptable risk to the general population.The residual distribution characteristics and process transfer rules can provide a reference for safety risk control in production enterprises.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status, characteristics of population distribution and trends of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) deaths among the registered residents in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of COPD. MethodsCOPD death data were obtained from the Shanghai Chongming District Death Surveillance System, and indicators such as crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, mortality rate by age group, and probability of premature death were calculated for the registered residents with COPD. Joinpoint 5.0.2 software was adopted to analyze the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC), followed by an analysis of trend changes. ResultsFrom 2002 to 2022, the average annual crude mortality rate and average annual standardized mortality rate of COPD among the residents of Chongming District were 73.49/100 000 and 34.00/100 000, respectively, and both were higher in males than those in females. The crude mortality rate of COPD among the residents aged ≤69 years in Chongming District was 6.78/100 000, followed by 218.28/100 000 in the age group of ≥70 years and 1 042.77/100 000 in the age group of ≥80 years, respectively. The standardized mortality rates for the whole population (AAPC=-9.75%), males (AAPC=-9.06%) , and females (AAPC=-12.25%) all showed a downward trend (all P<0.001). In addition, there was a decreasing trend in the crude mortality rates for the residents aged ≤69 years (AAPC=-7.51%), aged ≥70 years (AAPC=-9.89%), and aged ≥80 years (AAPC=-8.85%) (all P<0.001). Furthermore, the probability of premature death of COPD decreased from 1.45% in 2002 to 0.08% in 2022. ConclusionThe mortality rate and probability of early premature death of COPD among the registered residents in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022 show a downward trend, and the mortality rate of declining in males is slower than that in females. The elderly with advanced age account for the highest number of deaths. Therefore, targeted intervention measures should be taken for key groups to reduce the mortality rate of COPD.

Objective To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method to measure the content of monoester-alkaloids(benzoylmesaconine,benzoylaconine,benzoylhypaconine)and diester-alkaloids(mesaconitine,hyp-aconitine,aconitine)in Fengshiantai tablets.To provide a basis for quality control by conducting chemometric analysis and risk assessment on the measurement results.Methods The components were separated on Waters BEH C18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm)with methanol and 0.1%formicacid aqueous solution as the mobile phase by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1.The column temperature was set at 35℃.The injection volume was 1 μL.The detection was carried out by electrospray ionization(ESI),and electron spray ionization source was adopted in positiveion detection with multiple reaction monitoring mode(MRM).Results Six components showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.9990),whose average recovery rate of samples were 90.3%-107.6%with the RSD of 0.9%-1.8%.In 23 batches of tested samples,the diester-alkaloids contents ranged from 1.35 to 19.49 μg per tablet,which indicated low risk of drug safety;the monoester-alkaloids contents ranged from 20.17-99.55 μg per tablet.The results of chemometrics showed that 23 batches of samples were classify into four categories,and there were certain differences in sample quality among different production enterprises.Conclusion The established method is stable and reliable,and can be used for quality control of Fengshi Antai tablets.

Objective:To gain a deeper understanding of the comorbidity status of elderly patients with coronary heart disease and the effect of comorbidity on their hospitalization costs.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 8 334 elderly hospitalized patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease in Beijing Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. General Inforamtion Questionnaire and Charson comorbidity index (CCI) were used to investigate the comorbidity of patients.Results:Among the 8 334 elderly patients with coronary heart disease included, 88.18% (7 349/8 334) had comorbidity, and there was a statistically significant difference in hospital costs among patients with different CCI scores ( P<0.01). Elderly patients with coronary heart disease with comorbidity had higher hospital costs. The results of the binomial logistic regression analysis showed that comorbidities increased the hospitalization costs of elderly coronary heart disease patients in both the unadjusted model and the gradually adjusted model for age, gender, occupation, education level, admission department, admission status, admission year, admission mode length of stay and disease classification ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The comorbidity in elderly patients with coronary heart disease is serious, which is an important factor affecting hospitalization costs. In medical practice, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive management of elderly patients with coronary heart disease, pay attention to the influencing factors of hospitalization costs, optimize prevention and treatment strategies, control the occurrence and progression of comorbidities among patients, deepen the reform of medical insurance payment methods such as grouping payments based on disease diagnosis, so as to accurately reduce hospitalization costs and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the medical and health system.

Upon penetration into the host organism,the decapsulated larvae(intestinal infective stage 1 larvae)of Trichinella spiralis(T.spiralis)proceed to invade the host's small intestinal epithelial cells to continue their development,which is a critical step for T.spiralis infection and pathogenesis.Based on our prior research,the Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7 protein,which is present in the adult stage of T.spiralis,has a role in promoting the parasite's invasion of the intestinal epithelium.This is achieved by disrupting the integrity of the intestinal barrier,consequently promoting the parasitization of these cells in the host organism.Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7 can induce differential expression of various miRNAs,among which miR-142-5p has been reported to be involved in disrupting the intestinal barrier.Therefore,in this study,we investigated the mechanism by which Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7-induced miR-142-5p regulates intestinal epithelial cell barrier function by affecting target genes.The experiment was divided into Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7-treated group,miR-142-5p overexpression group(OE),miR-142-5p inhibition group(Inhibition),negative control group(NC)and control group(Control),lentiviral vectors for overexpression and suppression of miR-142-5p expression were used to infect human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells Caco-2 at an MOI of 80,and puromycin(8 mg/L)was used to screen cells to obtain cell lines that stably suppressed the expression of miR-142-5p and cell lines that miR-142-5p was overexpressed,cell transfection efficiency was assessed by fluorescence microscopy,and the relative expression of miR-142-5p was detected by RT-qPCR in each group of cells.The target gene Claudin-1(CLDN1)was predicted and validated using miR target prediction database,RT-qPCR,Western blot and dual luciferase assay.HE staining,Western blot and quantitative analysis of monolayer transmembrane electrical resistance(TEER)and FITC permeability were then applied to elucidate the mechanism of action of miR-142-5p.Caco-2 cells were lentivirally infected and successful transfection was verified by fluorescence microscopy and RT-qPCR.Dual luciferase and Western blot results showed that CLDN1 was a direct target gene of miR-142-5p(P＜0.001).Compared to the Ts-DNaseⅡ-7 alone treatment group and the OE+Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7 group,the miR-142-5p inhibited expression group and alleviated Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7-induced down-regulation of CLDN1 mRNA and protein levels(P＜0.01 and P＜0.05,respectively)and re-versed the decrease in TEER and elevated permeability(P＜0.01).Ts-DNase Ⅱ-7 up-regulates miR-142-5p expression,causing reduced CLDN1 expression and impaired intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 monolayer cells,which in turn promotes T.spiralis invasion of the intestinal epithelium to achieve further development.

Objective To explore the effect of blood flow restriction on muscle strength,body compo-sition,circumferences of both lower and upper extremities,and muscle thickness of female freestyle wrestlers during a 4-week freestyle wrestling camp training.Methods Twenty female freestyle wrestlers of Beijing Team with more than 5 years'training were randomly divided into a KAATSU group and a control group.Both groups performed the same wrestling training program,during which the KAATSU group wore blood flow restriction elastic bands.The changes of muscle strength,body composition,limb circumferences,and muscle thickness were compared between the two groups before and after the training.Results After the training,no significant differences were found in both groups in the average body composition(P>0.05).However,after the training,in the KAATSU group,the weight and skele-tal muscle mass increased by 0.57%and 4.10%,respectively,while the amount of fat decreased by 1.48%.Moreover,after the intervention,no significant changes were found in the average circumferenc-es of all limbs except that of the right upper arm,with its increase in the KAATSU group significant-ly greater than the control group.Meanwhile,compared with before training,the thickness of biceps in relaxation as well as quadriceps in relaxation and contraction increased in both groups,with signifi-cant greater increase in the KAATSU group than the control group in relaxation.To be more specific,the thickness of biceps and quadriceps in relaxation increased by 26.59%and 22.36%in the KAAT-SU group after the training(P<0.05 for all).In addition,after the training,the peak torque of the left knee flexion and right knee extension increased in both groups(P<0.05),with the increase in the KAATSU group(6.00%and 8.87%)significantly greater than the control group(5.42%and 0.00%).Moreover,after the training,the maximum strength of squat,bench press,and bench pull in the KAATSU group increased significantly(P<0.05),whose strength of bench press was 70.63 kg,signifi-cantly higher than the control group(51.07 kg),with significantly greater increase than the control group(9.45%vs.0.46%).Conclusion The 4-week freestyle wrestling training with blood flow restric-tion is superior to traditional training in maintaining the ideal body weight,promoting the mass of the major muscles of limbs,the maximum strength of skeletal muscles and related joints during squatting,bench press and bench pull.

Purpose To investigate the difference of cerebral blood flow between sleep deprivation and rest wakefulness.Materials and Methods Fifty subjects were recruited from universities in Xi'an from October 2020 to December 2021.The psychomotor vigilance test(PVT)task was used to measure sustained attention.Arterial spin labeling technique was used to analyze and compare the relative cerebral blood flow(rCBF)between sleep deprivation and rest wakefulness.The correlation between altered rCBF of specific brain regions and PVT task performance after sleep deprivation was analyzed.Results Compared with rest wakefulness,rCBF in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal lobe,bilateral parietal lobule,left orbital middle frontal gyrus,bilateral middle temporal gyrus,right posterior central gyrus,and bilateral angular gyrus was significantly decreased after sleep deprivation.The rCBF of bilateral thalamus,left precuneus,right medial prefrontal lobe,left posterior cingulate gyrus,and left inferior temporal gyrus was significantly increased(FDR corrected,P<0.05,cluster size≥20 voxels).The changes of rCBF in left dorsolateral prefrontal lobe and right parietal lobule were significantly negatively correlated with the PVT task performance(r=-0.56,P<0.001;r=-0.64,P<0.001),and the change of rCBF of left precuneus was significantly positively correlated with the PVT task performance(r=0.72,P<0.001).Conclusion The abnormal changes of CBF in default mode network,frontoparietal network-related brain regions and thalamic may be the important neural mechanism of sustained attentional decline after sleep deprivation.

Background: and Purpose Performing the differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple-system atrophy of parkinsonian type (MSA-P) is challenging. The oculomotor performances of patients with PD and MSA-P were investigated to explore their potential role as a biomarker for this differentiation. Methods: Reflexive saccades and smooth pursuit were examined in 56 patients with PD and 34 with MSA-P in the off-medication state. Results: Patients with PD and MSA-P had similar oculomotor abnormalities of prolonged and hypometric reflexive saccades. The incidence rates of decreased reflexive saccadic velocity and saccadic smooth pursuit were significantly higher in MSA-P than in PD (p<0.05 for both). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that slowed reflexive saccades (odds ratio [OR]=8.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.45–45.5) and saccadic smooth pursuit (OR=5.27, 95% CI=1.24–22.43) were significantly related to MSA-P. Conclusions The distinctive oculomotor abnormalities of saccadic smooth pursuit and slowed reflexive saccades in MSA-P may serve as useful biomarkers for discriminating MSA-P from PD.

Objective To explore the aptamer specific binding blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA) of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) for blocking of H.pylori adhering host cell. Methods H.pylori strain was cultured and its genome was extracted as templates to amplify the BabA gene by PCR with designed primers. The BabA gene obtained was cloned and constructed into prokaryotic expression plasmid, which was induced by isopropyl beta-D-galactoside (IPTG) and purified as target. The single stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers that specifically bind to BabA were screened by SELEX. Enzyme-linked oligonucleotide assay (ELONA) was used to detect and evaluate the characteristics of candidate aptamers. The blocking effect of ssDNA aptamers on H.pylori adhesion was subsequently verified by flow cytometry and colony counting at the cell level in vitro and in mouse model of infection, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels of cytokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-10 and IL-4 in the homogenate of mouse gastric mucosa cells were detected by ELISA. Results The genome of H.pylori ATCC 43504 strains was extracted and the recombinant plasmid pET32a-BabA was constructed. After induction and purification, the relative molecular mass (M_r) of the recombinant BabA protein was about 39 000. The amino acid sequence of recombinent protein was consistent with BabA protein by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF). Five candidate aptamers were selected to bind to the above recombinent BabA protein by SELEX. The aptamers A10, A30 and A42 identified the same site, while A3, A16 and the above three aptamers identified different sites respectively. The aptamer significantly blocked the adhesion of H.pylori in vitro. Animal model experiments showed that the aptamers can block the colonization of H.pylori in gastric mucosa by intragastric injection and reduce the inflammatory response. The levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in gastric mucosal homogenates in the model group with aptamer treatment were lower than that of model group without treatment. Conclusion Aptamers can reduce the colonization of H.pylori in gastric mucosa via binding BabA to block the adhesion between H.pylori and gastric mucosal epithelial cells.
Animals ; Mice ; Helicobacter pylori/genetics* ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Stomach ; Oligonucleotides ; Adhesins, Bacterial/genetics* ; Blood Group Antigens