ObjectiveTo analyze the trend and influencing factors of low birth weight (LBW) among newborns in Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022, so as to provide references for the development of intervention measures reducing the rate of LBW. MethodsBirth surveillance data of Chongming District of Shanghai from 2008 to 2022 were collected and organized, and the annual percentage change (APC) of LBW was calculated by using Joinpoint 5.0.2 software for trend change analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of LBW. ResultsThe overall incidence of LBW was 3.71% in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2008 to 2022. Joinpoint trend analysis showed that the incidence of LBW in Chongming District had an upward trend (APC=5.49%, 95%CI: 3.31%‒7.72%, P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth, multiple births, female infants, birth defects, first pregnancy, primiparity, and a young father age (<20 years) were risk factors for LBW in Chongming District. Among the term infants, female infants, birth defects, and first pregnancy were risk factors for LBW (P<0.05). Female infants, birth defects, first pregnancy, primiparity, advanced maternal age (≥35 years), and a young father age (<20 years) were risk factors in singleton neonates. ConclusionThe incidence of LBW among newborns is on the rise in Chongming District of Shanghai. Therefore, high risk groups need to be identified, and prenatal check-ups and pregnancy care should be strengthened to reduce the risk of neonatal LBW.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status, characteristics of population distribution and trends of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) deaths among the registered residents in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for precise prevention and control of COPD. MethodsCOPD death data were obtained from the Shanghai Chongming District Death Surveillance System, and indicators such as crude mortality rate, standardized mortality rate, mortality rate by age group, and probability of premature death were calculated for the registered residents with COPD. Joinpoint 5.0.2 software was adopted to analyze the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC), followed by an analysis of trend changes. ResultsFrom 2002 to 2022, the average annual crude mortality rate and average annual standardized mortality rate of COPD among the residents of Chongming District were 73.49/100 000 and 34.00/100 000, respectively, and both were higher in males than those in females. The crude mortality rate of COPD among the residents aged ≤69 years in Chongming District was 6.78/100 000, followed by 218.28/100 000 in the age group of ≥70 years and 1 042.77/100 000 in the age group of ≥80 years, respectively. The standardized mortality rates for the whole population (AAPC=-9.75%), males (AAPC=-9.06%) , and females (AAPC=-12.25%) all showed a downward trend (all P<0.001). In addition, there was a decreasing trend in the crude mortality rates for the residents aged ≤69 years (AAPC=-7.51%), aged ≥70 years (AAPC=-9.89%), and aged ≥80 years (AAPC=-8.85%) (all P<0.001). Furthermore, the probability of premature death of COPD decreased from 1.45% in 2002 to 0.08% in 2022. ConclusionThe mortality rate and probability of early premature death of COPD among the registered residents in Chongming District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022 show a downward trend, and the mortality rate of declining in males is slower than that in females. The elderly with advanced age account for the highest number of deaths. Therefore, targeted intervention measures should be taken for key groups to reduce the mortality rate of COPD.

Background::Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can profoundly affect the mental health of the people living with HIV (PLWH), with higher rates of anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. The disparities in neuropsychological problems evaluated by physicians and self-assessed by patients are still unknown.Methods::A total of 5000 PLWH and 500 physicians from 167 hospitals were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from September 2022 to February 2023. 4-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) was used for the evaluation of depressive issues and anxiety issues by PLWH. Each physician assessed 10 PLWH under their care for the presence of depressive or anxiety issues. The primary outcomes of this study are the concordance rates on the depressive issues and anxiety issues evaluation between physicians and PLWH. The Cohen’s kappa test was used to assess the agreement between physicians and PLWH.Results::The concordance rate for the evaluation of depressive issues is 73.84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 72.60-75.04%), and it is significantly different from the expected rate of 80% ( P <0.001). Similarly, the concordance rate for the evaluation of anxiety issues is 71.74% (95% CI: 70.47-72.97%), which is significantly different from the expected rate of 80% as per the null hypothesis ( P <0.001). The overestimation rate by physicians on depressive issues is 12.20% (95% CI: 11.32-13.14%), and for anxiety issues is 12.76% (95% CI: 11.86-13.71%). The mismatch rate for depressive issues is 26.16% (95% CI: 24.96-27.40%), and for anxiety issues is 28.26% (95% CI: 27.02-29.53%). The underestimation rate by physicians on depressive issues is 13.96% (95% CI: 13.03-14.95%), and for anxiety issues is 15.50% (95% CI: 14.52-16.53%). For the treatment regiments, PLWH sustained on innovative treatment regimen (IR) related to a lower prevalence of depressive issues (odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87, P = 0.003) and a lower prevalence of anxiety issues (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.52-0.76, P <0.001). PLWH switch from conventional treatment regimen (CR) to IR also related to a lower prevalence of depressive issues (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.98) and a lower prevalence of anxiety issues (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.99). Conclusion::Nearly one in three PLWH had their condition misjudged by their physicians. The findings underscore the need for improved communication and standardized assessment protocols in the care of PLWH, especially during the acute phase of HIV infection.

Objective:To investigate the influences of Pinocembrin on inflammatory injury in rats with acute myocardial in-farction(AMI)by regulating TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.Methods:The AMI model was established by coronary liga-tion,and the rats were grouped into Sham group,AMI group,Pinocembrin group(5 mg/kg tail vein injection),TLR4 inhibitor group(TAK-242 group,2.0 mg/kg tail vein injection),the levels of cardiac function indexes(LVEF,LVEDD,LVESD,FS)and serum LDH,cTnⅠ,IL-6,IL-β and TNF-α were detected in rats,TTC staining,HE staining and Masson staining were applied to observe myocardial infarction and myocardial histopathological changes in rats,cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method,im-munohistochemistry and Western blot were applied to detect TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway-related proteins in rat myocardial tissue.Results:Compared with Sham group,the myocardial infarction area increased,the number of myocardial cells decreased,some myo-cardial fibers were broken,inflammatory cells infiltrated,collagen fibers increased,and the apoptosis rate was obviously increased in AMI group(P<0.05),LVEDD,LVESD,serum LDH,cTnⅠ,IL-6,IL-β,TNF-α levels,myocardial tissue TLR4,MyD88,p-NF-κB p65,NLRP3,Caspase-1 expression levels were obviously increased(P<0.05),while LVEF and FS were obviously decreased(P<0.05);compared with AMI group,the myocardial infarction area of the Pinocembrin group and the TAK-242 group were reduced,the cell damage and inflammatory infiltration were reduced,the necrotic cells were obviously reduced,and the apoptosis rate was obvious-ly reduced(P<0.05),LVEDD,LVESD,serum LDH,cTnⅠ,IL-6,IL-β,TNF-α levels,myocardial tissue TLR4,MyD88,p-NF-κB p65,NLRP3,Caspase-1 expression levels were decreased(P<0.05),LVEF and FS were obviously increased(P<0.05);there was no obvious difference in each index between Pinocembrin group and TAK-242 group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Pinocembrin may at-tenuate myocardial inflammatory injury caused by AMI by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Tumor metastasis depends on the dynamic balance of the actomyosin cytoskeleton. As a key component of actomyosin filaments, non-muscle myosin-IIA disassembly contributes to tumor cell spreading and migration. However, its regulatory mechanism in tumor migration and invasion is poorly understood. Here, we found that oncoprotein hepatitis B X-interacting protein (HBXIP) blocked the myosin-IIA assemble state promoting breast cancer cell migration. Mechanistically, mass spectrometry analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay and GST-pull down assay proved that HBXIP directly interacted with the assembly-competent domain (ACD) of non-muscle heavy chain myosin-IIA (NMHC-IIA). The interaction was enhanced by NMHC-IIA S1916 phosphorylation via HBXIP-recruited protein kinase PKCβII. Moreover, HBXIP induced the transcription of PRKCB, encoding PKCβII, by coactivating Sp1, and triggered PKCβII kinase activity. Interestingly, RNA sequencing and mouse metastasis model indicated that the anti-hyperlipidemic drug bezafibrate (BZF) suppressed breast cancer metastasis via inhibiting PKCβII-mediated NMHC-IIA phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo. We reveal a novel mechanism by which HBXIP promotes myosin-IIA disassembly via interacting and phosphorylating NMHC-IIA, and BZF can serve as an effective anti-metastatic drug in breast cancer.

Objective:To investigate the quality of sleep in primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS) patients and its impact on clinical features.Methods:One hundred patients with pSS who were hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2019 to April 2021 were included into this study. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), fatigue severity score (FSS), Euro QOL five dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D), beck depression inventory second edition (BDⅠ-Ⅱ) and visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess patients' symptoms and overall condition. The data was statistically managed and compared by χ2 test, independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Logistic regression. Results:The prevalence of sleep disorders in pSS patients was 42.0%(42/100). The prevalence of sleep disturbance in pSS patients without depression was 28.8%(17/59). The EQ-5D[0.66(0.59, 0.76)] and Eur-opean league against rheumatism Sj?gren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) scores [1.0(0.0, 3.0)] were lower in patients in the sleep-disordered group than in those [0.76(0.71, 1.20) and 2.5(1.0, 4.0)] who slept well [ Z=3.07, P=0.012; Z=3.18, P=0.011], respectively. The European league against rheumatism Sj?gren's syndrome patients report index (ESSPRI) scores [6.2(4.8, 7.9)], VAS levels in overall dry eyes [60.0(21.4, 82.1)], anxiety [11.0(2.9, 43.0)], overall physician global assessment (PGA) [46.0(18.0, 65.0)], fatigue severity scale (FSS) [4.34(3.01, 5.61)], and BDⅠ-Ⅱ [15.1(7.3, 22.4)] in patients with sleep disorder were higher than those [4.1(2.8, 5.3), 40.0(7.0, 70.3), 2.3(0.0, 18.0), 11.0(0.0, 52.0), 2.45(1.65, 4.40), and 7.4(4.3, 12.8)] of the normal sleep group [ Z=2.03, P=0.043; Z=2.04, P=0.042; Z=2.19, P=0.031; Z=3.00, P=0.015; Z=3.43, P=0.001; Z=3.12, P=0.003]. The sleep-disordered group had higher levels of lymphocyte count (2.0±1.5)×10 9/L and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (46±20) mm/1 h respectively when compared with (1.4±1.3)×10 9/L and (38±17) mm/1 h in the good sleep group ( t=2.00, P=0.048; t=2.04, P=0.044). PSQI scores were negatively correlated with immunoglobulin (Ig)G ( r=-0.20, P=0.012) and ESSDAI ( r=-0.26, P=0.004), while positively correlated with FSS( r=0.38, P=0.001), BDⅠ~Ⅱ ( r=0.47, P=0.014), ESSPRI ( r=0.46, P=0.001), white blood cell count ( r=0.28, P=0.013) or neutrophil count ( r=0.26, P=0.009). The results of multifactorial analysis suggested that leukocytopenia [ OR(95% CI)=0.245(0.065, 0.692), P=0.005] was one of the risk factors for sleep disorders. Conclusion:Sleep disorders in pSS patients affects the patients' disease prognosis and activity index by affecting the patients' somatic symptoms, psychological profile and immune function. Active clinical multidis-ciplinary interventions for pSS patients are necessary, not only for better assisting physicians in the manage-ment of chronic diseases, but also for better help patients recovery of their physical and mental health.

Objective To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Qingguang’an Granules (青光安颗粒剂, QGAG) on mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in rats with chronic ocular hypertension (COH). Methods Sixty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, half males and half females, were randomly assigned to three groups: the control, model, and QGAG (2.5 g/kg) groups, with 20 rats in each group. Rats’ model of COH was established by cauterizing episcleral veins in the model group and QGAG group. Three weeks after successful modeling, rats in the QGAG group were intragastrically administered with QGAG, while rats in the control group and the model group received an equal dose of normal saline. After three months of intragastric administration, intraocular pressure (IOP) of all rats was measured. The mitophagy was monitored by the immunofluorescence method, the mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using the JC-1 method, and the morphological changes of mitophagy in RGCs were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Meanwhile, rat RGCs were labeled using the fluorescent gold method, and RGCs density in each group was calculated. Moreover, RGCs apoptosis was observed by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. Finally, the expression levels of Parkin, optineurin, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II/microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-I (LC3-II/LC3-I), recombinant lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in RGCs were determined by Western blot assay. The corresponding mRNAs were detected through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results The QGAG reduced IOP in COH rats, and inhibited mitophagy and apoptosis of RGCs (P < 0.05). Besides, the QGAG significantly increased the expression levels of Parkin and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05), and inhibited the expression levels of optineurin, LAMP1, and LC3-II/LC3-I (P < 0.05) in RGCs of COH rats. Conclusion The QGAG can inhibit mitophagy in RGCs of COH rats and show a protective effect against optic nerve damage caused by glaucoma, which may be mediated through the mitophagy ubiquitination via the Parkin/PINK1-related pathway.

Objective:To assess the nutritional status of obese patients prior to bariatric surgery, and to explore the related factors of nutrient deficiency.Methods:Clinical data of 43 patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery at Beijing Hospital from Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Gender, age, BMI, body composition analysis data, blood test data of nutrients were collected. The software of SPSS 20.0 was used to conduct data analysis.Results:Nutrients deficiencies were found for vitamin D (100.0%), iron (26.1%), prealbumin (15.4%) and hemoglobin (7.0%). Hemoglobin, prealbumin, and serum iron levels were significantly higher in male patients than in female patients ( P=0.001, 0.000 and 0.001, respectively). Body fat percentage was negatively correlated with 25 hydroxyvitamin D ( r=-0.983, P=0.017), and positively correlated with serum sodium ( r=0.568, P<0.001). Conclusions:Obesity patients were presented with a variety of nutritional deficiencies before bariatric surgery. A comprehensive nutrients test should be performed before bariatric surgery, to detect and correct nutrient deficiencies preoperatively.

Objective:To establish an evaluation index system for Hunan Medical Science and Technology Award.Methods:Based on the literature review and expert demonstration, combined with the previous review experiences of Hunan Medical Science and Technology Award, a review system framework was initially developed. Delphi method was used for expert consultation, outcome analysis were also adopted for the modification and reconstruction of this index system.Results:The standard evaluating system was set up with four first-level indicators, fifteen second-level indicators and their scoring standards.Conclusions:The evaluation index system established has the characteristics of scientific, systematic, pertinent, practical, simple and operable, also provides a reference and basis for scientific, objective and accurate evaluation of Medical Science and Technology Awards.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of preoperative fibrinogen and albumin ratio (FAR) in patients with gallbladder carcinoma.Methods The clinicopathological data of 100 patients with gallbladder carcinoma who undergoing radical resection at Beijing Hospital from Feb 2007 to Feb 2019were retrospectively analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to determine the optimal cut-off value of FAR,and the prognostic factors were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method,univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The optimal cut-off value of preoperative FAR for postoperative overall survival was 0.08.FAR was significantly associated with preoperative total bilirubin (TBil)levels,tumor differentiation,T stage,TNM stage,resection margin status,and preoperative CA199 levels (all P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that TNM staging (HR =3.562,95％ CI:1.075-11.798,P =0.038) and FAR (HR =2.482,95％ CI:1.263-4.875,P =0.008) were independent prognostic factors in patients with gallbladder carcinoma who underwent radical surgery.Conclusion Preoperative FAR is closely related to the prognosis of patients with gallbladder carcinoma and might be useful for the evaluation of prognosis of patients with gallbladder carcinoma.