ObjectiveTo investigate the menstrual conditions of women infected with COVID-19 in Shanghai and analyze the influencing factors. MethodsFrom December 2022 to March 2023， menstrual data from 281 women infected with COVID-19 in Shanghai were collected with a questionnaire survey， including usual menstrual characteristics， the most recent menstrual period post-infection， symptoms of infection， and medication usage. According to the crossover period between the menstrual period and the infection period of the respondents， the samples were divided into two groups for comparative analysis： those whose menstrual and infection periods overlapped （positive group） and those whose menstruation started after conversion to virus-negative （negative conversion group）. ResultsAmong the 281 respondents， 196 （65.8%） experienced menstrual changes. Among them， 145 （51.6%） had changes in menstrual volume， color and texture， and 109 （38.8%） had changes in menstrual duration or cycle. Decreased menstrual volume （22.1%）， darker color （23.49%）， thicker texture （21.0%）， increased blood clots （16.7%）， and prolonged duration （21.8%） were observed in both groups. The rate of changes in menstrual volume， color， and texture was higher in the positive group （56.8%， 69/110） than that in negative group （37.3%， 76/171） （P<0.05）. Regarding the menstrual cycle changes， the rate of early onset was higher in the positive group （14.5%） compared to the negative conversion group （3.5%）（P<0.05）， while the rate of delayed menstruation was higher in the negative conversion group （25.1%） than that in the positive group （5.5%） （P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed a weak association between sore throat and menstrual changes （r=0.154， P<0.05）. ConclusionSome women infected with COVID-19 experience short-term changes in their menstrual conditions， characterized by reduced volume， darker color， thick texture， increased clots， and prolonged menstrual duration， reflecting a pathogenesis of blood stasis. Menstruation during the infection period tends to occur earlier， while delayed menstruation is more prevalent at post-conversion.

【Objective】 To investigate the differential diagnosis of 1 anti-C, e alloantibodies combined with anti-e, Jk^b mimicking alloantibodies by absorption-elution test and titer integral method. 【Methods】 ABO, Rh and Kidd blood group antigens were identified by tube method. Two sets of panel cells were used for antibody screening and antibody specificity identification by saline method, polyamine method and microcolumn gel method.The antibody was further confirmed by multiple absorption-elution tests and titer integral method. RHCE and JK gene were sequenced by multiple PCR. 【Results】 Serological gene sequencing analysis showed that the ABO blood group of the patient was A type with Rh subtype ccDEE and was positive for direct antiglobulin test (DAT). Multiple absorption-elution tests and titer integral method demonstrated that the serum of the patient contained anti-C, e alloantibodies along with anti-e, Jk^b mimicking autoantibodies and there were anti-e, Jk^b mimicking autoantibodies on red blood cells(RBCs). According to gene sequencing analysis, there was G>C at exon 676 of the RHCE gene, and the remaining exons were not mutated, suggesting that the RHCE phenotype was ccEE. The 838 G/A heterozygote of exon 9 in JK gene, Jk blood group phenotype was Jk (a+ b+ ). Cross matched type A ccDEE and Jk(a+ b-) RBCs were transfused, and no adverse reactions occurred. 【Conclusion】 Serology combined with molecular biology to identify the phenotype of the patient′s RBCs, absorption-elution test and titer integral method to identify the antibody of the patient′s serum can detect the alloantibody type, thus providing strategies for targeted blood transfusion.

【Objective】 To develop the Visual Cognitive Ability Assessment Scale for Preschool Children and to evaluate its reliability and validity, in order to provide reference for clinical evaluation of visual cognitive ability of preschool children. 【Methods】 1) From November 2021 to February 2022, construct the dimension framework was constructed and the pool of scale items was compiled according to the theory. 2) In March to June 2022, items were screened preliminarily through group discussion and Delphi method. In August 2022, the entries was revised by a pre-survey in a small sample (n=50). 3) Parents of children aged 4 - 7 from 8 kindergartens in 4 main urban areas of Nanjing were investigated by stratified cluster random sampling method in September to December 2022. The valid sample of the first survey (n=344) was analyzed to conduct item analysis and re-test reliability analysis, the valid sample of the second survey (n=695) was tested for reliability and confirmatory factor analysis, then the scale was finally compiled and evaluated. 【Results】 1) The scale contained 19 items in 4 dimensions:visual memory, discerning vision, spatial vision and visual integration. All items passed the project analysis test. 2) The Cronbach′s α coefficient of each dimension ranged from 0.604 to 0.886, and the Cronbach′s α coefficient of the whole scale was 0.917. During the two surveys, the scores of each item were correlated, and the average retest reliability coefficient was 0.601 (P< 0.05). 3) Content validity index (S-CVI) at scale level was 0.91, and item level content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.8 to 1.0. After several rounds of model modification, the confirmatory factor model fit well. 【Conclusion】 The reliability and validity of the Visual Cognitive Ability Assessment Scale for Preschool Children are acceptable and meet the requirements of the scale, which provides a practical tool for clinical screening of visual and cognitive disorders.

AIM: To explore the effect and mechanism of circZNF124 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer SW620 cells. METHODS: The expression levels of circZNF124 and miR-4262 in colorectal cancer tissues were measured by qRT-PCR method. Human colorectal cancer cells SW620 were cultured in vitro, and were randomly grouped into si-NC group, si-circZNF124 group, miR-NC group, miR-4262 group, si-circZNF124 j anti-miR-NC group, si-circZNF124 j antimiR-4262 groups. CCK-8 method, plate clone formation test, scratch test and Transwell test respectively were used to detect cell proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion of SW620 cells. The dual luciferase reporter experiment analyzed the targeted binding of circZNF124 to miR-4262. Western blot was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin protein. RESULTS: The expression of circZNF124 in colorectal cancer tissue was increased by about 3.75 times compared with that in the adjacent tissue (P i 0.05), and the expression of miR-4262 was decreased by about 0.73 times compared with the adjacent tissue (P i 0.05). Compared with the si-NC group, the cell viability, scratch healing rate and the protein level of N-cadherin in the si-circZNF124 group were decreased (P i 0.05), the number of cell clone formation and the number of invasive cells were decreased (P i 0.05), while the protein level of E-cadherin was increased (P i 0.05). circZNF124 could negatively regulate the expression of miR-4262. Compared with the miR-NC group, the cell viability, scratch healing rate and the protein level of N-cadherin in the miR-4262 group were reduced (P i 0.05), the number of cell clones and the number of invasive cells were reduced (P i 0.05), while the protein level of E-cadherin was increased (P i 0.05). Inhibition of miR-4262 expression reversed the effect of interfering circZNF124 expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of SW620 cells.CONCLUSION: Interference with the expression of circZNF124 can attenuate the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by targeting miR-4262.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical and ultrasonographic features for early diagnosis and prediction of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of medullary thyroid microcarcinoma.Methods:From Jan 2010 to Jan 2020 233 patients undergoing primary surgery were categorized as "medullary thyroid microcarcinoma" and "medullary thyroid macrocarcinoma". The preoperative clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics, the diagnostic positive rate of preoperative serum calcitonin and fine needle aspiration (FNA) were investigated between two groups. All patients with medullary thyroid microcarcinoma were divided on the basis of wether there was lateral cervical lymph node metastasis.Results:There were statistically significant differences in initial diagnostic method(χ 2=32.290, P=0.000), TNM staging(χ 2=50.300, P=0.000) between medullary thyroid microcarcinoma and medullary thyroid macrocarcinoma. Medullary thyroid microcarcinoma showed more malignant ultrasonic features. The diagnostic accuracy of preoperative serum calcitonin was higher than FNA for medullary thyroid micro carcinoma(χ 2=47.933, P=0.000). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the abutment/perimeter ≥1/4( OR=25.475, 95%CI: 2.320-279.771), preoperative serum calcitonin >65 ng/L( OR=32.663, 95%CI:2.433-438.409) were the independent factor for lateral cervical lymph node metastases of medullary thyroid microcarcinoma. Conclusions:The combination of ultrasonography and serum calcitonin helps establish early diagnosis of medullary thyroid microcarcinoma. Medullary thyroid microcarcinoma with the abutment/perimeter ≥1/4, serum calcitonin >65 ng/L predicts lateral cervical lymph node metastases.

Since microdroplets are able to be generated rapidly in large amount and each droplet can be well controlled as an independent micro-cultivator, droplet microfluidic technology can be potentially used in the culture of microorganisms, and provide the microbial culture with high throughput manner. But its application mostly stays in the laboratory-level building and using for scientific research, and the wide use of droplet microfluidics in microbial technology has been limited by the key problems that the operation for microdroplets needs high technical requirements with wide affecting factors and the difficulties in integration of automatic microdroplet instrumentation. In this study, by realizing and integrating the complicated operations of droplet generation, cultivation, detection, splitting, fusion and sorting, we design a miniaturized, fully automated and high-throughput microbial microdroplet culture system (MMC). The MMC can be widely used in microbial growth curve test, laboratory adaptive evolution, single factor and multi-level analysis of microbial culture, metabolite detection and so on, and provide a powerful instrument platform for customized microbial evolution and screening aiming at efficient strain engineering.
Industrial Development ; Microfluidics

Objective:To investigate the ability of superb-microvascular imaging (SMI) to detect microvascular characteristics of focal liver lesions (FLLs) and analyze the relationship between vascular index (VI) and microvascular density (MVD) and Ki-67 levels.Methods:The imaging data of patients diagnosed as FLLs at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital in 2018 were collected. A total of 166 FLLs patients were divided into non-hepatocellular liver cancer (non-HCC group, 96) and HCC group (70), respectively. The whole group of patients were subjected to color Doppler blood flow imaging (CDFI) and SMI examination. The patient′s Adler′s semi-quantitative grading (0 to 3 levels) and vascular morphological characteristics (a-f type) were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the detection ability of HCC with SMI and CDFI blood flow characteristics, The Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between HCC patients VI and MVD and the Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between VI and Ki-67.Results:In HCC group, SMI detected 50 cases of high-level blood flow (Adler′s semi-quantitative grade 2 to 3) patients, higher than 22 cases of CDFI ( P=0.033). In HCC group, SMI detected 52 cases of blood-rich mode (e, f type), higher than 18 cases of CDFI ( P<0.001). In non-HCC group, the difference of blood flow characteristics detection between CDFI and SMI was not statistically significant. In HCC group, SMI detected 52 cases of rich blood supply patterns, which was higher than 14 cases of non-HCC group ( P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve of SMI was 0.760 (sensitivity was 74.3%, specificity was 85.4%), and the SMI rich blood supply mode had the best diagnostic effect on HCC based on the blood-rich mode as the HCC diagnostic standard. In HCC group, VI was positively correlated with MVD and Ki-67 ( r=0.698 and r=0.669, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:SMI has better detection ability than CDFI for HCC microvascular characteristics, HCC has more blood-rich mode than non-HCC. In HCC, VI is positively correlated with MVD and Ki-67 expression levels.

Objective:To discuss the diagnostic value of superb microvacular imaging (SMI) in renal solid tumors of different sizes.Methods:A total of 142 patients with 146 renal tumors detected by ultrasound in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from September 2017 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The maximum diameter of lesions was 0.8-7.3 cm, and patients were divided into the maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm group (61 patients, 64 lesions) and the maximum diameter >3.0 cm group (61 patients, 82 lesions). All of the tumors were separately evaluated by SMI and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) with Adler grade, vascular morphology and peripheral blood flow.Results:In the group with maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm, 50 lesions were malignant and 14 were benign. In the group with maximum diameter >3.0 cm, 62 lesions were malignant and 20 were benign. In the group with maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm, there were no significant differences in location, boundary, echo, homogeneity and small cystic area between malignant tumors and benign tumors ( P>0.05). In the group with maximum diameter >3.0 cm, there were significant differences in echo, homogeneity and small cystic area between malignant tumors and benign tumors ( P<0.05). For all of the benign tumors, there were no significant difference between CDFI and SMI in evaluating Adler grade, vascular morphology and peripheral blood flow ( P>0.05). For malignant tumors with maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm, 43 lesions with Adler grade 2-3 were detected by SMI, which was higher than CDFI (32, P<0.05). There were 38 lesions with dendritic and irregular vascular morphology detected by SMI, which was higher than CDFI (7, P<0.05). The detected rate of peripheral annular or semi-annular blood flow in lesions was 80.0% (40/50), higher than CDFI (18/50, P<0.05). While in malignant tumors with maximum diameter >3 cm, the lesion with peripheral annular or semi-annular blood flow detected by SMI was 38, higher than 22 of CDFI ( P<0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for CDFI and SMI diagnosis of renal solid tumors with the maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm was 0.627 (sensitivity: 54.0%, specificity: 71.4%) and 0.791 (sensitivity: 94.0%, specificity: 64.3%), respectively, with statistically significant difference ( P=0.039). The area under the ROC curve for CDFI and SMI diagnosis of renal solid tumors with the maximum diameter>3.0 cm was 0.852 (sensitivity: 85.5%, specificity: 85.0%) and 0.860 (sensitivity: 91.9%, specificity: 80.0%), respectively, without statistically significance ( P=0.858). Conclusions:SMI is superior to CDFI in detecting low-velocity blood flow and microvessels in both malignant and benign renal tumors, and can effectively improve the display rate of peripheral blood flow in malignant tumors. Otherwise, SMI can provide better diagnostic efficiency for renal tumors with the maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm.

Objective:To investigate the ability of superb-microvascular imaging (SMI) to detect microvascular characteristics of focal liver lesions (FLLs) and analyze the relationship between vascular index (VI) and microvascular density (MVD) and Ki-67 levels.Methods:The imaging data of patients diagnosed as FLLs at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital in 2018 were collected. A total of 166 FLLs patients were divided into non-hepatocellular liver cancer (non-HCC group, 96) and HCC group (70), respectively. The whole group of patients were subjected to color Doppler blood flow imaging (CDFI) and SMI examination. The patient′s Adler′s semi-quantitative grading (0 to 3 levels) and vascular morphological characteristics (a-f type) were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the detection ability of HCC with SMI and CDFI blood flow characteristics, The Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between HCC patients VI and MVD and the Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between VI and Ki-67.Results:In HCC group, SMI detected 50 cases of high-level blood flow (Adler′s semi-quantitative grade 2 to 3) patients, higher than 22 cases of CDFI ( P=0.033). In HCC group, SMI detected 52 cases of blood-rich mode (e, f type), higher than 18 cases of CDFI ( P<0.001). In non-HCC group, the difference of blood flow characteristics detection between CDFI and SMI was not statistically significant. In HCC group, SMI detected 52 cases of rich blood supply patterns, which was higher than 14 cases of non-HCC group ( P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve of SMI was 0.760 (sensitivity was 74.3%, specificity was 85.4%), and the SMI rich blood supply mode had the best diagnostic effect on HCC based on the blood-rich mode as the HCC diagnostic standard. In HCC group, VI was positively correlated with MVD and Ki-67 ( r=0.698 and r=0.669, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:SMI has better detection ability than CDFI for HCC microvascular characteristics, HCC has more blood-rich mode than non-HCC. In HCC, VI is positively correlated with MVD and Ki-67 expression levels.

Objective:To discuss the diagnostic value of superb microvacular imaging (SMI) in renal solid tumors of different sizes.Methods:A total of 142 patients with 146 renal tumors detected by ultrasound in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from September 2017 to March 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The maximum diameter of lesions was 0.8-7.3 cm, and patients were divided into the maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm group (61 patients, 64 lesions) and the maximum diameter >3.0 cm group (61 patients, 82 lesions). All of the tumors were separately evaluated by SMI and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) with Adler grade, vascular morphology and peripheral blood flow.Results:In the group with maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm, 50 lesions were malignant and 14 were benign. In the group with maximum diameter >3.0 cm, 62 lesions were malignant and 20 were benign. In the group with maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm, there were no significant differences in location, boundary, echo, homogeneity and small cystic area between malignant tumors and benign tumors ( P>0.05). In the group with maximum diameter >3.0 cm, there were significant differences in echo, homogeneity and small cystic area between malignant tumors and benign tumors ( P<0.05). For all of the benign tumors, there were no significant difference between CDFI and SMI in evaluating Adler grade, vascular morphology and peripheral blood flow ( P>0.05). For malignant tumors with maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm, 43 lesions with Adler grade 2-3 were detected by SMI, which was higher than CDFI (32, P<0.05). There were 38 lesions with dendritic and irregular vascular morphology detected by SMI, which was higher than CDFI (7, P<0.05). The detected rate of peripheral annular or semi-annular blood flow in lesions was 80.0% (40/50), higher than CDFI (18/50, P<0.05). While in malignant tumors with maximum diameter >3 cm, the lesion with peripheral annular or semi-annular blood flow detected by SMI was 38, higher than 22 of CDFI ( P<0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for CDFI and SMI diagnosis of renal solid tumors with the maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm was 0.627 (sensitivity: 54.0%, specificity: 71.4%) and 0.791 (sensitivity: 94.0%, specificity: 64.3%), respectively, with statistically significant difference ( P=0.039). The area under the ROC curve for CDFI and SMI diagnosis of renal solid tumors with the maximum diameter>3.0 cm was 0.852 (sensitivity: 85.5%, specificity: 85.0%) and 0.860 (sensitivity: 91.9%, specificity: 80.0%), respectively, without statistically significance ( P=0.858). Conclusions:SMI is superior to CDFI in detecting low-velocity blood flow and microvessels in both malignant and benign renal tumors, and can effectively improve the display rate of peripheral blood flow in malignant tumors. Otherwise, SMI can provide better diagnostic efficiency for renal tumors with the maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm.