The article aims to explore the optimal concentration of arsenic trioxide (As O ) on HepG2 of liver cancer cells, and the effect of As O on the migration, invasion and apoptosis of HepG2 cells. In this study, the activity of HepG2 cells treated with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 μmol/L As O was tested by CCK-8 method, the semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated, and the morphological changes of HepG2 cells were observed after the action of As O at IC50 concentration for 12, 24, 48 h. The effect of As O on cell migration and invasion ability was verified by wound healing experiment and Transwell invasion experiment. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect the effects of As O on the gene and protein expression levels related to cell migration, invasion and apoptosis. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the activity of HepG2 cells decreased with the increase of the concentration of As O treatment, showing a dose-dependent effect, and its IC50 was 7.3 μmol/L. After 24 hours' treatment with 8 μmol/L As O , HepG2 cells underwent significant apoptosis, and its migration and invasion abilities were significantly reduced. In addition, the protein expression levels of RhoA, Cdc42, Rac1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were down-regulated, the protein and mRNA expression levels of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 were significantly down-regulated, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of pro-apoptotic genes Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly up-regulated. The above results indicate that certain concentration of As O can inhibit the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and promote the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

This study aims to investigate the effect of substances secreted or metabolized by vascular endothelial cells on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocellular carcinoma cells under indirect co-culture condition. Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line QGY-7703 was cultured , and then was co-cultured with conditioned medium of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The morphological changes of QGY-7703 cells were observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy. The migration ability of QGY-7703 cells was analyzed by scratch-wound assays. The effect of conditioned medium on the expression and distribution of EMT related proteins was detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence assays, respectively. The results showed that the QGY-7703 cells gradually changed from polygonal to spindle shape, the migration ability promoted significantly, and both the expression and distribution of EMT related marker changed in a time-dependent manner after co-culturing. The results confirm that vascular endothelial cells can induce EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma cells under indirect co-culture condition.

Cell autophagy plays a key role in maintaining intracellular nutritional homeostasis during starvation through elimination of aberrant or obsolete cellular structures. The cellular cytoskeleton has a crucial role in multiple processes involving membrane rearrangements and vesicle-mediated events. Autophagy is mediated by both microtubules and actin networks: microtubules promote the synthesis of autophagosome and are related to the movement of autophagosome; actin networks have been implicated in structurally supporting the expanding of phagophore, moving autophagosomes and enabling their efficient fusion with the lysosome; non-muscle myosinⅡoperates in the early stages of autophagy during the initiation and expansion of the phagophore, whereas myosinⅥ and myosin 1C are involved in the late stages of autophagosome maturation and fusion with the lysosome, respectively. This review summarizes the multiple regulation of cytoskeleton on autophagy and focuses on the regulation of autophagy by actin and myosin, providing a new approach for the study of pathogenesis and innovative therapies of autophagy related diseases.

Objective To explore the efficacy ofTiaogan-Bushen-Xiaoji recipe (TGBSXJ Recipe) on overall survival and progression free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced breast cancer.Methods A total of 105 patients with advanced breast cancer, who received the first-line treatment, were divided into two groups, 56 cases in the control group and 49 in the experimental group. The control group received standard therapy according to guidelines, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy and treatment of bisphosphonates.The experimental group received the treatment of TGBSXJ Recipe besides the standard therapy. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and Karnofsky (KPS) of the patients in two groups were observed and compared. The treatment ended with the sighs of the observation ending, the second progress for the disease or death.Results The overall survival of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group [OS: 58.2(50.7-65.8)/monthsvs. 43.8(30.6-51.6)/months,P=0.040]. The PFS of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group [PFS: 30.7(23.8-37.7)/monthsvs. 15.2(11.3-19.1)/months,P=0.001]. The KPS of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (88.6 ± 10.0vs. 80.5 ± 19.0,t=2.654). The PFS of the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in the experimental group was significantly higher than control group [(25.1(12.1-38.0)/monthsvs. 9.9(4.7-15.0)/months,P=0.038].Conclusions The TGBSXJ recipe could extend the OS and PFS and improve the life quality of the patients with advanced breast cancer. In this study, no severe adverse effects had been found in the experimental group.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Compound xiongshao capsules in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).METHODS:A total of 97 DPN patients selected from our hospital during Jun.2015-Apr.2016 were divided into group A (compound xiongshao treatment group,46 cases) and control group (51 cases) according to random number table.The latter was divided into group B (epalrestat+beraprost sodium group,12 cases),group C (fursultiamine+mecobalamin group,12 cases) and group D (epalrestat group,27 cases) according to clinical symptoms and economic situation of patients.Four groups were given antidiabetic drugs for blood glucose control.Based on it,group A was additionally given Compound xiongshao capsules 0.9 g,tid;group B was additionally given Epalrestat tablets 50 mg,tid+Beraprost sodium tablets 40 μg,tid;group C was additionally given Fursultiamine tablets 50 mg,tid+Mecobalamin tablets 0.5 mg,rid;group D was additionally given Epalrestat tablets 50 mg,tid.All groups were treated for 6 months.Clinical efficacies were observed.TCSS scores,motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV),sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV),incubation period and amplitude of median nerve and common peroneal nerve,the levels of hemorheology indexes,blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,blood lipid,serum creatinine were compared before and after treatment.The occurrence of ADR was recorded.RESULTS:Total response rates of group A and B (82.61％,83.33％)were significantly higher than those of group C and D (33.33％,66.67％),total response rate of group D was significantly higher than that of group C,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in TCSS scores,MCV,SCV,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve,MCV and amplitude of common peroneal never,SCV,incubation period and amplitude of common peroneal never or whole blood high-shear viscosity among 4 groups (P＞0.05).After treatment,TCSS scores of group A,B and D were decreased significantly compared to before treatment,and those of group A and B were lower than those of group C and D,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).MCV,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve in group A and B,amplitude of median nerve in group C,MCV and amplitude of median nerve in group D were significantly better than before treatment;MCV,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve in group A and B were significantly better than group C and D,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).MCV,incubation period and amplitude of common peroneal never in group A,B,C were significantly better than before treatment,MCV and amplitude of common peroneal never in group A,B were significantly better than group C,D;the improvement of incubation period of common peroneal never in group A,B,D were significantly better than group C,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).SCV,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve,SCV and amplitude of common peroneal nerve in group A,B and D were significantly better than before treatment;SCV,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve,SCV and amplitude of common peroneal nerve in group A,SCV,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve and amplitude of common peroneal nerve in group B were significantly better than group C and D;SCV of median nerve in group D was significantly better than group C,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).Whole blood high-shear viscosity of group A was decreased significantly compared to before treatment,and significantly lower than those of group B,C and D,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in total response rate and TCSS score between group A and B,and in the levels of blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,blood lipid or serum creatinine among 4 groups (P＞0.05).No obvious ADR was found in 4 groups.CONCLUSIONS:Compound xiongshao capsules shows significant therapeutic efficacy for DPN,and improves nerve conduction velocity,incubation period and amplitude of median nerve and common peroneal nerve,whole blood high-shear viscosity.Its effect is similar to that of epalrestat combined with beraprost sodium,and better than those of fursultiamine combined with mecobalamin,epalrestat alone.It does not affect the blood glucose,blood lipid and serum creatinine levels with good safety.

Coronary heart disease is a kind of heart disease that is caused by atherosclerosis. The lipid deposition in the vessel wall results in occlusion of coronary artery and stenosis, which could induce myocardial ischemia and oxygen deficiency. Intervention therapies like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary stent improve myocardial perfusion using catheter angioplasty to reduce stenosis and occlusion of coronary artery lumen. Accordingly, intervention therapies are widely applied in clinic to treat ischemic cardiovascular disease, arterial intima hyperplasia and other heart diseases, which could save the patients' life rapidly and effectively. However, these interventions also damage the original endothelium, promote acute and subacute thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia, and thus induce in-stent restenosis (ISR) eventually. Studies indicated that the rapid reendothelialization of damaged section determined postoperative effects. In this review, reendothelialization of implants after intervention therapy is discussed, including the resource of cells contributed on injured artery, the influences of implanted stents on hemodynamic, and the effects of damaged degree on reendothelialization.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Coronary Artery Disease ; therapy ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; prevention & control ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; prevention & control

To study the potential molecular mechanism of tumor angiogenesis in its microenvironment, we investigated the effects of HepG2 conditioned medium on the proliferation of vascular endothelial cell and vascular angiogenesis in our laboratory. Human umbilical vein endothelial EA. hy926 cells were co-cultured with HepG2 conditioned medium in vitro. The proliferation and the tubulogenesis of EA. hy926 cells were detected by teramethylazo salt azole (MTT) and tube formation assay, respectively. The results showed that the survival rate of the EA. hy926 cells was significantly increased under the co-culture condition. HepG2 conditioned medium also enhanced the angiogenesis ability of EA. hy926 cells. In addition, the expressions of intracellular VEGF and extracellular VEGFR (Flk-1) were regulated upward in a time-dependent manner. In conclusion, the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and Vascula angiogenesis were improved under the condition of indirect co-culture.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Coculture Techniques ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; metabolism

Due to the good tumor-targeting and excellent biocompatibility, the drug-loading nanoparticles (NPs) has been widely applied in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. However, after the NPs are recognized and internalized by cancer cells, the effects of NPs on cell migration behavior were unclear. In the present study, the self-assembly techniques (SAMs) was used to modify gold (Au) nanoparticles (Au NPs) with different chemical functional groups (CH3, OH, COOH and NH2) as model NPs. The dispersion of these groups in solution and the distribution in cells were studied by transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively, and the proliferation was examined by MTT assay in vitro. The wound-healing and the Transwell assay were used to examine the effect of internalized Au-NPs on HepG2 cells migration. The results showed that different Au-NPs mainly distributed at the edge of the vesicle membrane and the gap between cells. The Au-NPs resulted in decreased cell viability in a concentration-depended manner. In addition, the results of wound-healing and Transwells assay indicated that the internalization of the NH2-NPs and OH-NPs would inhibit cell migration compared with those in the control group.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Gold ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ( LIBS) was used to detect the compositions of soil in the air, and the quantitative analysis model with genetic algorithm-partial least squares ( GA-PLS ) was established. A total of fifty-eight soil samples were split into calibration, monitoring and prediction sets. Eleven soil compositions including Mn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ba, Al2 O3 , CaO, Fe2 O3 , MgO, Na2 O, and K2 O were quantitatively analyzed. The results demonstrated that, as a pretreatment method for optimizing the selection of spectral lines, GA could be effectively used to reduce the number of spectral lines for use in building PLS model, and hence simplify the quantitative analysis model. More importantly, for most of the soil compositions, GA-PLS could significantly improve the prediction ability compared with the conventional PLS model. Take Mn as an example, the root-mean-square error of prediction ( RMSEP ) was decreased from 0. 0215% to 0 . 0167%, and the mean percent prediction error ( MPE ) was decreased from 8 . 10% to 5 . 20%. The research provides an approach for further improving the accuracy of LIBS quantitative analysis in soil.

Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted treatment has been a standard therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it is not tolerated well by all patients. In China, some studies have reported that traditional Chinese medicinal herbs (TCMHs) may increase efficacy and reduce toxicity when combined with EGFR-TKI, but outside of China few studies of this kind have been attempted.