OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of a Twin-block appliance on the condyles of patients with ClassⅡmalocclusion by conducting a systematic review and a Meta-analysis. METHODS: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP Database were electronically searched. Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and single-arm trials on condylar changes produced by a Twin-block appliance in patients with ClassⅡmalocclusion were included. Two reviewers independently extracted and assessed the risk of bias. Meta-analyses were conducted with Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS: Eight studies were included; among which, seven were of high quality. After treatment with a twin block appliance, condyles moved anteriorly. The anterior joint spaces decreased (P<0.000 01), whereas the posterior spaces increased (P<0.000 01). The superior spaces were not changed (P=0.11). Moreover, a significant difference was observed in the increase of the condylar space index (P<0.000 01). After treatment, the anteroposterior diameters of the condyles and condylar height increased (P=0.000 2 and P<0.000 01, respectively). By contrast, no significant changes were discovered in the medial external diameters of the condyles (P=0.42). CONCLUSIONS A Twin-block appliance can promote the growth of a condyle in the posterior and upper direction and move it forward in favor of the correction of Class Ⅱ malocclusion.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II/therapy* ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Bone and Bones ; China ; Orthodontic Appliances, Functional ; Cephalometry

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of skeletal-muscle cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma (CTL).Methods:The clinical data of 14 cases of skeletal muscle CTL and 47 cases of non-skeletal muscle extranodal CTL patients in Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University and the 989 Hospital of the joint logistics support force of the people′s Liberation Army (the former 152 hospital) from 2008 to 2019 were collected retrospectively. Immunophenotype, EBV infection status and T-cell receptor (TCR) clonality of tumor cells were evaluated. The clinicopathological features and prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results:Skeletal-muscle CTL accounted for 23.0% (14/61) of extranodal CTL in the same period. The median age of the patients was 42.3 years (range 11-76 years), including six males and eight females. The main clinical manifestations were painless masses. Two patients (2/14) had B symptoms. The tumors occurred in the cheek (7 cases), the tongue (4 cases), the lower lip (3 cases) and the left upper arm (2 cases), and in two cases had two sites. Ten cases were of stage ⅠE and four cases stage ⅡE. Compared with non-skeletal-muscle extranodal CTL, many patients of skeletal-muscle CTL did not have B symptoms, the clinical stage was lower, and the tumor mainly involved the oral cavity (cheek, tongue and lip, P<0.05). Morphologically, the tumor showed diffuse infiltration of heterotypic lymphocytes in skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemistry showed that in 11/14 cases, there were reduced or loss of expression of some the T cell antigens (CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7). TIA-1, Gr B and CD8 (CD8 +>CD4 +) were expressed in all cases, and CD56 was negative. The median Ki-67 proliferation index was 35.0% (range 5%-60%). EBER in situ hybridization was negative in all cases. The results of TCR clonality analysis showed clonal TCR gene rearrangement were detected in eight cases. The median follow-up time was 40 months (range 10-67 months). Ten patients were tumor free; the 5-year survival rate of skeletal-muscle CTL was 100%. Compared with non-skeletal-muscle extranodal CTL (5-year overall survival rate was 35.9%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.277, P=0.004). Conclusions:Skeletal-muscle CTL mostly occurs in the skeletal muscle of cheek and mouth. Tumor cells show morphologic characteristics of muscle invasion and myositis-like feature. It also shows CD8 +>CD4 +immunophenotype, cytotoxic molecular pattern and is associated with low clinical stage and good prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the expression change, biological role and action mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00978 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The expression levels of LINC00978 in tumor tissues and serum samples of NSCLC patients were detected by the qRT-PCR. The effects of knockdown and overexpression of LINC00978 on the biological function of A549 cells were determined by the CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell migration and invasion assays. The action mechanisms of LINC00978 in NSCLC were investigated by the flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results: The expression levels of LINC00978 in the tissues ( t =2.465, P ＜0.05) and serum samples ( t =8.781, P ＜0.01) of NSCLC patients increased. The knockdown of LINC00978 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 cells ( P ＜0.01) and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and apoptosis of A549 cells ( P ＜0.01). The knockdown of LINC00978 downregulated the expression of Cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 , and upregulated the expression of Bax ( P ＜0.05). In addition, the knockdown of LINC00978 inhibited the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, Slug and Twist, and promoted the expression of E-cadherin ( P ＜0.05). The overexpression of LINC00978 had the opposite effect. Conclusion LINC00978 is highly expressed in NSCLC and can promote the occurrence and progression of NSCLC, which may serve as a potential target for the diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.

Objective: To determine the changed expression levels, biological roles and underlying mechanism of LncSox4 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing novel biomarkers for NSCLC diagnosis and therapy. Methods: QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LncSox4 in the tumor tissues of NSCLC patients. Colony formation, cell growth curve, Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to determine the effects of LncSox4 knockdown on A549 cell function, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to determine the effects of LncSox4 on the progression of A549 cell cycle. QRT-PCR and western blot were used to explore the expressions of genes and proteins in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results: The expression of LncSox4 was upregulated significantly in carcinoma tissues of NSCLC compared to the para-carcinoma tissues (t=7.109，P＜0.01). The growth rate of A549 cells slowed down in LncSox4 knockdown group and the number of formed cell colonies was less than that in control group(P＜0.01). LncSox4 knockdown reduced the migration and invasion abilities of A549 cells (P＜0.01) and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase(P＜0.01). LncSox4 knockdown downregulated the protein expressions of Cyclin D1, c-Myc, N-cadherin, and Vimentin, while upregulated the expression of E-cadherin in A549 cells. LncSox4 knockdown also decreased the expressions of EMT-related transcription factors including snail, slug and twist. Conclusion The high expression of LncSox4 in NSCLC may promote malignant progression of NSCLC by enhancing cell proliferation, migration and invasion, suggesting that it should be a promising target for diagnosis and therapy of NSCLC.

Objective:To assess the efficacy of acupuncture plus Methadone in treating heroin withdrawal syndrome.Methods:According to the requirements of evidence-based medicine, the inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria and retrieval strategy were set for original documents. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving acupuncture plus Methadone in treating heroin withdrawal syndrome were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. According to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, each included trial was assessed strictly including risk of bias and quality evaluation. Meta-analysis and descriptive-analysis were conducted using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 8 trials involving 931 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical significance [RR=1.05; 95%CI (0.99, 1.11);P=0.11] in comparing total effective rate between the acupuncture plus Methadone and Methadone alone; the cure rate of acupuncture plus Methadone was higher than that of Methadone alone [RR=1.45; 95%CI (1.19, 1.78);P=0.0003]; the relapse rate of the acupuncture plus Methadone was lower [RR=0.691; 95%CI (0.60, 0.80);P<0.00001]. On the basis of these results, the method recommended by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was taken to evaluate the quality of the evidence. It showed that the level of the evidence was low and it was weakly recommended.Conclusion:According to the included trials, acupuncture plus Methadone in treating heroin withdrawal syndrome is more effective and better than Methadone alone, but it still needs more high-quality, large sample, and polycentric researches to confirm it.

The air quality of simulated moxibustion clinic was tested, which could provide references for the evaluation on air pollution in moxibustion clinic. After the clinical environment of moxibustion was established,the contents of CO,NO, PM 10 and PM 2.5 in the air at 5 different time points (0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h after 10 moxa sticks were ignited as well as 5 min ventilation after 0.5 h moxibustion burning and 5 min ventilation after 1 h moxibustion burning) were measured by testing organizations.0.5 h, 1 h and 2 h after 10 moxa sticks were ignited, the content ranges of CO,NO, PM 10 and PM 2.5 in the air were 15.9 to 37.0 mg/m,0.012 6 to 0.022 4 mg/m,0.22 to 1.28 mg/mand 0.13 to 0.53 mg/m, respectively; the contents of CO, PM 10 and PM 2.5 were higher than national standard. With 5 min ventilation after 0.5 h moxibustion burning and 5 min ventilation after 1 h moxibustion burning, the content ranges of CO,NO,PM 10 and PM 2.5 were 0.3 to 0.4 mg/m,0.015 5 to 0.018 0 mg/m,0.11 to 0.13 mg/mand 0.04 mg/m, respectively; the contents of CO, PM 10 and PM 2.5 were lower than national standard. It is concluded that long-time moxibustion could cause relatively high concentration of moxa smoke, and the contents of CO, PM 10 and PM 2.5 in the air will exceed the national standard. However, by keeping good ventilation, the contents of CO,NO,PM 10 and PM 2.5 in the air can be controlled within safe ranges.

Humans ; Palatine Tonsil ; Tonsillitis

Objective To analyze the differential expressions ofmicroRNAs in patients with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) and explore the expression rule ofmicroRNAs in MMA pathogenesis primarily to find the new biomarkers and therapeutic evaluation index of MMA represented by microRNAs.Methods Ten patients,admitted to our hospitals and diagnosed as having delayed onset vitamin B12 valid MMA from August 2011 to June 2013,were chosen as experimental group (MMA group);and their 8 healthy relatives were chosen as negative control group (NC group).Plasma microRNAs were routinely extracted and filed,and samples quality was evaluated with real-time quantitative PCR;microarray gene chip was employed to detect the expression levels ofmicroRNAs;R software of prediction analysis ofmicroarrays (PAM) was used to filter differentially expressed miRNAs.Results The results of GC/MS showed that the urine methylmalonic acid zoom ratio of MMA group was significantly higher than that of NC group.And the urine methylmalonic acid zoom ratio of MMA group had remarkable difference between before and after treatment.Real-time PCR showed the RNAs extracted from plasma samples conformed to the requirement of experiment and could be delivered to downstream chip experiment.The chip statistical analysis suggested that there were many micrornas enjoying significant differences between MMA group and NC group (P＜0.05),and differences in MMA group before and after treatment (P＜0.05).The resluts of R software of PAM indicated that mir-483 and mir-144 were strongly raised in MMA group as compared with those in NC group (P＜0.05),while mir-151,mir-30 and mir-146 were remarkably reduced in MMA group as compared with those in NC group (P＜0.05).Conclusion There are several abnormal expressions of plasma circulation microRNAs in patients with methylmalonic acidemia;the plasma circulation microRNAs might be biomarkers of methylmalonic acidemia.

In recent years , there are increasing articles concerning Epstein-Barr virus associated lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV+LPD), and the name of EBV +LPD is used widely.However,the meaning of EBV+LPD used is not the same , which triggered confusion of the understanding and obstacles of the communication.In order to solve this problem.Literature was reviewed with combination of our cases to clarify the concept of EBV +LPD and to expound our understanding about it .In general, it is currently accepted that EBV +LPD refers to a spectrum of lymphoid tissue diseases with EBV infection , including hyperplasia , borderline lesions , and neoplastic diseases .According to this concept , EBV+LPD should not include infectious mononucleosis ( IM ) and severe acute EBV infection ( EBV +hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, fatal IM, fulminant IM, fulminant T-cell LPD), and should not include the explicitly named EBV+lymphomas ( such as extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma , aggressive NK cell leukemia , Burkitt lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma , etc.) either.EBV +LPD should currently include: ( 1 ) EBV +B cell-LPD:lymphomatoid granulomatosis , EBV +immunodeficiency related LPD , chronic active EBV infection-B cell type, senile EBV +LPD, etc.(2) EBV +T/NK cell-LPD:CAEBV-T/NK cell type, hydroa vacciniforme, hypersensitivity of mosquito bite, etc.In addition, EBV+LPD is classified, based on the disease process , pathological and molecular data , as 3 grades:grade1, hyperplasia ( polymorphic lesions with polyclonal cells ); grade 2, borderline ( polymorphic lesions with clonality ); grade 3, neoplasm (monomorphic lesions with clonality).There are overlaps between EBV +LPD and typical hyperplasia, as well as EBV+LPD and typical lymphomas .However , the most important tasks are clinical vigilance , early identification of potential severe complications , and treating the patients in a timely manner to avoid serious complications , as well as the active treatment to save lives when the complications happened .

ObjectiveTo systematically assess the efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion plus cognitive rehabilitation training in treating post-stroke cognitive disorder.MethodA computer searched CNKI, CBM, VIP, WANFANG DATA, and Pubmed and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCT) of acupuncture and moxibustion plus cognitive rehabilitation training for the treatment of post-stroke cognitive disorder. The reference literature in the included literature was also retrieved. Retrieval time limit for both of them was from Jan. 1st 1990 to Jan. 1st 2015. Two reviewers independently selected the trials, extracted the data and assessed the quality of methodology. Meta analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultEleven trials with a total of 789 subjectswere finally included. The results of Meta analysis showed that the following aspects were better in acupuncture plus cognitive rehabilitation training than in cognitive rehabilitation training or medication alone and there were statistically significant differences: the total efficacy rate [RR=1.58, 95%CI(1.10,2.26),P=0.01], the MMSE score [MD=2.64, 95%CI(1.78, 3.50),P<0.00001], P300 latency [MD=﹣18.46, 95%CI(﹣30.51,﹣6.41),P=0.003], P300 amplitude [MD=1.23, 95%CI(0.82, 1.63),P<0.00001] and activities of daily living (ADL) [SMD=0.52, 95% CI(0.31, 0.73),P<0.00001]. Based on the results of a systematical review, thequality of evidence was assessed using GRADE system recommended classification method. The results showed that the level of evidence was low and the strength of recommendations was weak.ConclusionThe results of Meta analysis showed that the therapeuticeffect was better in acupuncture and moxibustion plus cognitive rehabilitation training than in cognitive rehabilitation training or medication alone. Because of low quality of all the original literature, high-quality, multicenter and large-sample randomized blind controlled trials are still needed for validation.