OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term efficacy of single-session microwave ablation for benign thyroid nodule.METHODS Patients with benign thyroid nodules treated by microwave ablation between June 2019 and December 2022 at the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,were included for analysis.Thyroid function was tested 1 month after treatment,and ultrasound and thyroid function were performed 3 months,6 months and 1 year after treatment.Volume reduction rates(VRR)of nodules were calculated.Data of the last follow-up within 1 year were included for analysis.Variables including gender,age,whether Hashimoto's thyroiditis was present,longitudinal diameter of nodules,solid volume of nodules were included for univariate and multivariate analysis.RESULTS A total of 151 patients with 163 nodules were included.The perioperative complication rate was 1.99%(3/151).The VRR at half year after treatment was(79.58±17.70)%,and the success rate at half year after treatment was 93.43%(128/137).The VRR of at 1year after treatment was(81.24±24.29)%.The 1-year treatment success rate was 92.77%(77/83).Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that nodular solid volume and age were independent factors affecting VRR after ablation.Regression coefficient of age and solid volume was 0.34(P<0.05)and-0.47(P<0.05),respectively.For every 1 cm3 increase in solid volume,1-year VRR(%)decreased by 0.47.Regression equation:1-year VRR=68.92+0.34×age-0.47×solid volume.Serum FT4 gradually decreased and the thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)gradually increased within 6 months after ablation,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 6 months,serum FT4 gradually recovered to the normal level and TSH gradually recovered.However,TSH still did not reach the preoperative level one year after ablation.FT3 decreased gradually after treatment,but there was no significant difference between the values at each time point(P=0.40).After the ablation of thyroid nodule,the mean value of thyroid function index fluctuated,but all of them were within the normal reference range.CONCLUSION Microwave ablation is a safe and effective treatment method for benign thyroid nodules,with an overall success rate of over 90%.Solid nodule volume and age are independent factors affecting the microwave ablation effect of benign thyroid nodules.

Objective:To explore the application of compound Huangbai solution sitz bath in patients after surgery for perianal abscess.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to select 100 patients with perianal abscess who received surgical treatment in Huai'an First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021. Patients admitted from January to December 2020 and January to December 2021 were included in the control group (50 cases) and the observation group (50 cases), respectively. The control group was given warm water sitz bath, while the observation group was given compound Huangbai solution sitz bath. The clinical curative effects, wound edema, granulation growth, wound pain, exudation, recovery of anal function and inflammatory reaction were compared between the two groups.Results:After 7 days of intervention, the total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The CRP levels of wound edema and granulation growth, wound pain, exudate and Wexner scores, and CRP levels were lower than those before and 3 days after intervention, and the observation group was lower than that of the control group after 7 days of intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Compound Huangbai solution sitz bath can effectively promote wound healing and anal function improvement of patients after perianal abscess operation, reduce the inflammatory response of patients, and then improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective:To construct an inservice training curriculum system for nurses in the Department of Anesthesiology based on core competence, so as to provide a reference for improving the core competence and standard training of anesthesia nurses.Methods:A research group was established in July 2020. Preliminary drafting of training curriculum system indicators and consultation questionnaires were made through the literature search and based on the content of the core competence evaluation index system of nurses in the Department of Anesthesiology. Convenience sampling was used to select 15 experts from August to October 2020, and the Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation. The content of the consultation included course content, training hours and training methods, which were used to construct an inservice training course system for nurses in the Department of Anesthesiology based on core competence.Results:The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation was 100.00% (15/15), the expert authority coefficient was 0.864, and the Kendall coordination coefficient in the second round of consultation was 0.245. The inservice training course system for nurses in the Department of Anesthesiology was formed including 5 first-level indicators, namely, clinical nursing ability, critical thinking ability, communication and coordination ability, professional development ability, scientific literacy, 18 second-level indicators and 79 third-level indicators.Conclusions:The core competency-based inservice training course system for anesthesia nurses is scientific and practical, and can provide a reference for improving the core competence and standard training of anesthesia nurses.

The capacity for thermal tolerance is critical for industrial enzyme. In the past decade, great efforts have been made to endow wild-type enzymes with higher catalytic activity or thermostability using gene engineering and protein engineering strategies. In this study, a recently developed SpyTag/SpyCatcher system, mediated by isopeptide bond-ligation, was used to modify a rumen microbiota-derived xylanase XYN11-6 as cyclized and stable enzyme C-XYN11-6. After incubation at 60, 70 or 80 ℃ for 10 min, the residual activities of C-XYN11-6 were 81.53%, 73.98% or 64.41%, which were 1.48, 2.92 or 3.98-fold of linear enzyme L-XYN11-6, respectively. After exposure to 60-90°C for 10 min, the C-XYN11-6 remained as soluble in suspension, while L-XYN11-6 showed severely aggregation. Intrinsic and 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS)-binding fluorescence analysis revealed that C-XYN11-6 was more capable of maintaining its conformation during heat challenge, compared with L-XYN11-6. Interestingly, molecular cyclization also conferred C-XYN11-6 with improved resilience to 0.1-50 mmol/L Ca²⁺ or 0.1 mmol/L Cu²⁺ treatment. In summary, we generated a thermal- and ion-stable cyclized enzyme using SpyTag/SpyCatcher system, which will be of particular interest in engineering of enzymes for industrial application.
Animals ; Cyclization ; Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Enzyme Stability ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Microbiota ; Protein Engineering ; Rumen ; enzymology ; microbiology ; Temperature

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on cognitive dysfunction induced by tibial fracture in rats. METHODS: Sixteen male SD rats were randomized into control group and tibial fracture group, and the behavior indicators were measured on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after tibial fracture and the expressions of CX3L1 protein and mRNA in the hippocampus were detected. Another 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, tibial fracture group, and tibia fracture with CX3CL1 antibody group, and the behavior indicators and hippocampal CX3L1 protein expression were evaluated after corresponding treatments. In another experiment, we randomized 24 male SD rats into control group, tibial fracture group and tibial fracture with Dex treatment, and tested their hippocampal CX3L1 protein and mRNA expressions as well as the behavior indicators after the treatments. RESULTS: Compared with the control rats, the rats with tibial fracture spent significantly less time in the novel arm on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after the fracture ( < 0.05) with obviously lowered expressions of CX3L1 protein and mRNA in the hippocampus ( < 0.05). In the rats with tibial fracture, treatment with CX3CL1 antibody further decreased the time spent in the novel arm ( < 0.05) and the expression level of CX3L1 protein in the hippocampus ( < 0.05); In contrast, treatment with Dex significantly increased the time spent time in the novel arm ( < 0.05) and enhanced the hippocampal expressions of CX3L1 protein and mRNA in rats with tibial fractures ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dex can alleviate cognitive dysfunction induced by tibial fracture in rats by increasing the expression of CX3CL1 in the hippocampus.
Animals ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Dexmedetomidine ; Hippocampus ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tibial Fractures

OBJECTIVE： To study the mechanism of couplet medicine of Tripterygium hypoglaucum-Spatholobus suberectus in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis （RA）. METHODS： The RA targets were retrieved and obtained by therapeutic target database （TTD）， DrugBank and DisGeNET databases， and the protein protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed to screen its key targets. Using oral bioavailability（OB）≥30％， drug like（DL）≥0.18 and drug half-life （HL） ≥4 h as index， active components were obtained from couplet medicine of T. hypoglaucum-S. suberectus by using TCM systematic pharmacological analysis platform （TCMSP） and TCM integrated database （TCMID）， and the targets were predicted. The active component-target network of couplet medicine of T. hypoglaucum-S. suberectus was constructed. Systems Dock Web Site online platform and Genomics platform were used to screen the active component and common targets of RA of couplet medicine of T. hypoglaucum-S. suberectus； KEGG signaling pathways of common targets were analyzed by using Cluego plug-in unit of Cytoscape 3.2.1 software. RESULTS： Totally 1 956 RA targets were retrieved， involving 11 key targets [such as IL-6， TNF， VEGFA]. The couplet medicine contained 30 active components （including luteolin， erythroxanthin， β-sitosterol and triptolide） and 229 targets. There were 37 common targets for couplet medicine of T. hypoglaucum-S. suberectus and RA （including MMP2， TNF， VEGFA）. KEGG signaling way involved cell apoptosis， IL-17 signaling pathway， Th17 cell differentiation pathway and TNF signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS： The couplet medicine of T. hypoglaucum-S. suberectus may play a role in the treatment of RA by acting on cell apoptosis， IL-17 signaling pathway and other signaling pathways through MMP2， TNF， and VEGFA target. The results of this study can provide a reference for further study on the mechanism of the effects of couplet medicine of T. hypoglaucum-S. suberectus on RA.

Isopeptide bond-mediated molecular superglue is the irreversible covalent bond spontaneously formed by the side chains of lysine (Lys) and asparagine/aspartic acid (Asn/Asp) residues. The peptide-peptide interaction is specific, stable, and can be achieved quickly without any particular physicochemical factor. In the light of recent progress by domestic and foreign researchers, here we summarize the origin, assembly system and mechanism of isopeptide bond reaction, as well as the molecular cyclization and protein topological structure mediated by it. The prospect for its application in synthetic vaccine, hydrogel and bacterial nanobiological reactor is further discussed.
Cyclization ; Lysine ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Proteins

Lignocellulose is the most abundant renewable biomass resource. Enzymatic breakdown of lignocellulose into oligosaccharides or monosaccharides is the key to exploit lignocellulosic biomass. However, traditional glycoside hydrolases are insufficient to degrade lignocellulose. The emergence of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase, a novel enzyme for lignocellulose degradation, has enriched the deconstruction schema and accelerated the enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides, by introducing new chain breaks that allow hydrolases to initiate further degradation. Here, we review the discovery, classification and catalytic mechanism of the enzyme, as well as the methods for assaying its activity. The prospect for its application in feed additive, functional food and biofuel development is further discussed.

Objective:To preliminarily study the immune response mediated by inducible costimulation molecule in the role of essential hypertensive renal damage .Methods: The blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the wild control group (Wistar-Kyoto rats)was dynamically monitored by noninvasive tail artery blood pressure measuring instrument .The urine protein of the rats in 24 hours was dynamically detected by ELISA .The levels of ICOS protein and its mRNA in the rat′s kidneys were dynamically detected by immunohistochemistry , RT-PCR, respectively.The levels of IL-17A and TGF-β1 in the rat′s plasma and kidneys were dynamically detected by ELISA ,immunohistochemistry ,respectively.The renal pathological changes of the rats were detected by HE and MASSON staining.Results:The blood pressure and urine protein in 24 h of SHRs were significantly higher than that of group WKY from 6 weeks.The expression of ICOS protein and its mRNA in SHRs were significantly higher than that of WKY rats from 6 weeks,and there are significantly positive correlations between the dynamic change of ICOS protein and its mRNA and renal fibrosis score of SHRs (rA=0.813,PA<0.05;rB=0.753,PB<0.05).The expression of IL-17A and TGF-β1 in SHR′s plasma and kidneys were significantly higher than that of WKY rats at the weeks 10 and 23.HE and Masson staining showed that the degree of renal fibrosis of SHRs was sig-nificantly higher than that of WKY rats at 23 weeks.Conclusion:The immune response mediated by ICOS plays an important role in hypertensive renal damage .

OBJECTIVE: To observe the short-term and long-term curative effect of the xenogenic acellular dermal matrix membrane (or joint muscle flap transfer) application used in the 82 cases postoperative tissue shortage repair that after the head neck carcinoma resection. METHOD: To held the 82 cases head neck carcinoma postoperative mucosa shortage repaired after resection by the xenogenic acellular dermal matrix membrane (or joint muscle flap transfer), 65 cases mucosa shortage wound be directly covered by the repair membrane and the other 17 cases mucosa shortage wound be repaired by the tranfered muscle tissue flap with the repair membrane covered; 53 cases underwent additional postoperative radiotherapy between 2-4 weeks and follow-up in 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 48, 60 months and observed the operation site repair process through the electronic laryngoscope, observed the patients respiration, swallow, phonation function. RESULT: Seventy-seven cases patients operation incision reached I phase healing standard, another 5 cases patients operation incision reached II phase healing standard because of the wound infection and fully-recovered through the local wound drainage,dressing process. All the patients tracheal cannula,the stomach tube be extubated successfully and without the local cicatricial constriction occurred. Seventy-eight cases follow up period reached 1 year including 53 cases who underwent postoperative radiotherapy, 49 cases follow up period reached 3 years including 32 cases who underwent postoperative radiotherapy, 14 cases follow up period reached 5 years including 12 cases who underwent postoperative radiotherapy. The patients with static local lesions discovered no reaction such as exclusion, allergy. CONCLUSION The application of xenogenic acellular dermal matrix membrane (or joint muscle flap transfer used in in the postoperative tissue shortage repair that after the head neck carcinoma resection have several advantage such as comparatively easily implementation, operation safety edge enough,well preserved organ function, comparatively low incidence about the laryngeal stenosis, the short-term and long-term repair effect are all exact.
Acellular Dermis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; Surgical Flaps ; transplantation ; Wound Healing