Objective:To observe the regulatory effect of microRNA-10b(miR-10b)on the immune effect of glioma cells and explore its mechanism.Methods:Human glioma cell U251 was cultured to obtain cells in logarithmic growth stage.The cell suspen-sion was prepared according to the concentration of 1.0×105 cells/ml,and the control group,overexpression group,low expression group and blank group were set up,with 6 wells in each group.The negative control,miR-10b mimics and miR-10b inhibitor were transfected by liposome transfection in control group,overexpression group and low expression group,respectively.The blank group was given the same amount of sterile normal saline.Natural killer(NK)cells from peripheral blood of a healthy volunteer was isolated and cultured.The killing activity of NK cells was detected by MTT method.The expression of NK cell activated receptor(NKG2D)on the surface of NK cells in each group were detected by flow cytometry,and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class Ⅰ chain-related gene A(MICA),UL16 binding protein 2(ULBP2)and UL16 binding protein 3(ULBP3)on the surface of U251 hu-man glioma cells in each group were detected.Results:The transfection efficiency of control group,overexpression group and low ex-pression group were(93.55±2.05)％,(95.67±3.14)％,(94.18±3.26)％,respectively.Compared with control group and blank group,the expression of miR-10b increased in overexpression group and decreased in low expression group,and the difference were statisti-cally significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of miR-10b between control group and blank group(P>0.05).Compared with control group and blank group,the killing activity of NK cells with different effect target ratios in overex-pression group decreased,the expression of NKG2D decreased,the killing activity of NK cells with different effect target ratios in low expression group increased,and the expression of NKG2D increased,and the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05).The killing activity of NK cells in each group increased with the increase of effect target ratio,and the difference were statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in NK cell killing activity and NKG2D expression between control group and blank group(P>0.05).Compared with control group and blank group,the expression of MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of human glioma cell U251 in overexpression group decreased,and the expression of MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of human glioma cell U251 in low expression group increased,the difference were statistically significant(P<0.05),and there was no signifi-cant difference in the expression of MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of U251 glioma cells between control group and blank group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Inhibiting the expression of miR-10b can increase the expression of NKG2D on the surface of NK cells and MICA,ULBP2 and ULBP3 on the surface of human glioma cell U251,and enhance the killing activity of NK cells against human glioma cell U251.

Ten compounds were isolated and purified from the dichloromethane extract of stems of Ephedra intermedia by various chromatographic methods. Based on the analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, the structures of the ten compounds were identified as 1-allyl-3,4-dimethoxy-benzene-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), lyoniresinol (2), secoisolariciresinol (3), 4,3′,4′-trihydroxy-3-methoxylignan-9,9′-diyldiacetate (4), dehydroconiferyl alcohol (5), isocubebin (6), balanophonin B (7), sesquipinsapol B (8), crataegifin A (9), 1-(2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethan-1-one (10). Compound 1 is a new compound, named as 1-allyl-3,4-dimethhoxy-benzene-5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl, compounds 2-10 are lignans and isolated from this plant for the first time. Compound 3, 4, 8 possess potentially anti-asthmatic activities.

Objective To develop a deep learning model for automated age estimation based on 3D CT reconstructed images of Han population in western China,and evaluate its feasibility and reliability.Methods The retrospective pelvic CT imaging data of 1 200 samples(600 males and 600 females)aged 20.0 to 80.0 years in western China were collected and reconstructed into 3D virtual bone models.The images of the ischial tuberosity feature region were extracted to create sex-specific and left/right site-specific sample libraries.Using the ResNet34 model,500 samples of different sexes were randomly selected as training and verification set,the remaining samples were used as testing set.Initialization and transfer learning were used to train images that distinguish sex and left/right site.Mean absolute error(MAE)and root mean square error(RMSE)were used as primary indicators to evaluate the model.Results Prediction results varied between sexes,with bilateral models outperformed left/right unilateral ones,and transfer learning models showed superior performance over initial models.In the prediction results of bilateral transfer learning models,the male MAE was 7.74 years and RMSE was 9.73 years,the female MAE was 6.27 years and RMSE was 7.82 years,and the mixed sexes MAE was 6.64 years and RMSE was 8.43 years.Conclusion The skeletal age estimation model,utilizing is-chial tuberosity images of Han population in western China and employing the ResNet34 combined with transfer learning,can effectively estimate adult ischium age.

Objective:To explore the real work experience and needs of nursing assistants of elderly patients with disability and mental disorders, and provide reference for relevant institutions to develop a reasonable support system and promote their physical and mental health.Methods:From October to November 2022, purposive sampling was used to select nursing assistants of elderly patients with disability and mental disorders from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University as the research subject. The phenomenological method was used to conduct in-depth interviews, recordings, and transcripts of 12 nursing assistants. The Colaizzi analysis program was used to analyze, organize, refine, and summarize.Results:A total of five themes were extracted, including multiple emotional experiences, lack of rest and relaxation, insufficient professional identity and external support, lack of care knowledge and skills, heavy workload and poor treatment.Conclusions:Accompanying management institutions and hospitals need to strengthen their attention to nursing assistants, reduce their physical and mental burden, attach importance to skill training, increase welfare benefits, enhance professional identity, and improve the quality of care.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from flower buds of Magnolia biondii Pamp.and their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities.METHODS The 50% acetone extract from the flower buds of M.biondii was isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40C,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of these compounds were determined according to previous method established by research group.RESULTS Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as crassifolioside(1),magnoloside B(2),rutin(3),isoquercitrin(4),quercetin(5),northalifoline(6),cordysinin B(7),thymidine(8),indazole(9),dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(10),aesculetin(11),C-veratroylglycol(12),3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol(13),3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol(14),3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(15),2,4,6-trimethoxyphenol(16),syringic acid(17).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-17 are isolated from this plant for the first time,none of which show acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities at the concentration of 20 μmol/L.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the reliability and accuracy of Walker's model for estimating the sex of Han adults in western China by using cranium three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction, and to study the suitable cranial sex estimation model for Han people in western China. METHODS: A total of 576 cranial CT 3D reconstructed images from Hanzhong Hospital in Shaanxi Province from 2017 to 2021 were collected. These images were divided into the experimental group with 486 samples and the validation group with 90 samples. Walker's model was used by observer 1 to estimate the sex of experimental group samples. The logistic function applicable to Han people in western China was corrected by observer 1. The 90 samples in the validation group were scored and substituted into the modified logistic function to complete the back substitution test by observer 1, 2 and 3. RESULTS: The accuracy of sex estimation of Han adults in western China was 63.2%-77.2% by applying Walker's model. The accuracy of modified logistic function was 82.9%. The accuracy of sex estimation through back substitution test by 3 observers was 75.6%-91.1%, with a Kappa value of 0.689 (P<0.05) for inter-observer consistency and 0.874 (P<0.05) for intra-observer consistency. CONCLUSIONS There are great differences in bone characteristics among people from different regions. The modified logistic function can achieve higher accuracy in Han adults in western China.
Humans ; Adult ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sex Determination by Skeleton/methods* ; Forensic Anthropology ; Skull/anatomy & histology* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; China ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

COVID-19 has been prevalent for three years. The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 is weaken as it mutates continuously. However, elderly patients, especially those with underlying diseases, are still at high risk of developing severe infections. With the continuous study of the molecular structure and pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2, antiviral drugs for COVID-19 have been successively marketed, and these anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs can effectively reduce the severe rate and mortality of elderly patients. This article reviews the mechanism, clinical medication regimens, drug interactions and adverse reactions of five small molecule antiviral drugs currently approved for marketing in China, so as to provide advice for the clinical rational use of anti-SARS-CoV-2 in the elderly.

Objective:To retrospectively construct competency-based portfolios for medical students to analyze the factors influencing competency self-assessment, and to explore an approach to efficient portfolio construction.Methods:The participants were randomly selected among medical graduates of 2015 in Shantou University Medical College. Through records collection and an online questionnaire survey, portfolios were built for the participants based on their development data during eight years from college entrance, college education, to post-graduation medical education. The correlation between variables was determined using Kendall's tau-b correlation coefficients. The inter-group differences were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results:A total of 126 usable questionnaires for effective developmental portfolios were collected. There were a total of 208 indicators collected, including 79 questionnaire indicators (including 36 for competency self-assessment). The reliability coefficient (Cronbach's α) of the questionnaire was 0.984. The factors related to competency self-assessment were identified. Conclusion:This study provides a basis for the implementation of portfolio assessment, which can promote students' self-assessment and competency development. Optimizing the indicator system, building an online platform, increasing participants' participation motivation, and emphasizing self-reflection and feedback will help improve the efficiency of developmental portfolio construction and its performance.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes and satisfaction in periprosthetic knee infection patients after above-the-knee amputation （AKA）. MethodsA review was performed in 13 patients who underwent AKA due to periprosthetic knee infection from October 2010 to August 2022， there were 7 females and 6 males with the median age of 69 （45~ 73） years. The mean number of surgical procedures between primary total knee arthroplasty and AKA was 2.9 times （range： 1 ~ 6）. Patients were segregated into non-elderly group （including patients <65 years old） and elderly group （involving patients ≥65 years old）. Functional outcomes were evaluated by SF-12 and Barthel activities daily living index （Barthel ADL index）. Patient satisfaction was accomplished through a questionnaire. ResultsFour patients died within 6 months after the amputation. Three patients received surgical procedures for recurrent infections after AKA. In the remaining 9 patients，the median time from AKA to the final follow-up was 4.2 （1.9~8.2） years， three patients received surgical procedures for recurrent infections after AKA. Patients in non-elderly group showed better functional outcomes than elderly patients after AKA （both P<0.05）. All patients in non-elderly group were fitted with a prosthesis. Whereas， elderly patients reported a better satisfaction after AKA than young patients. ConclusionYoung PJI patients seemed to have better function and ambulatory ability with high expectation and demand， which made them feel less satisfied about AKA. Meanwhile，despite poor function outcomes due to the less healthy physical condition， the alleviation of financial and psychological burdens resulting from reinfections and multiple surgeries and the less demand in function and daily activities made elderly patients have a good satisfaction after AKA.

Objective:To explore the short-term efficacy of fixation with a 3D printed individualized custom-made plate in the treatment of elderly patients with periprosthetic femoral fracture.Methods:Retrospectively analyzed were the 5 elderly patients with periprosthetic femoral fracture who had been treated by fixation with a 3D printed individualized custom-made plate from January 2022 to July 2022 at Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. There were 3 males and 2 females, aged 81, 86, 77, 91 and 87 years, respectively. One left and 4 right limbs were affected. Vancouver classification: type B1 ( n=3), type B2 ( n=1), and type C ( n=1). The time from operation to injury was 5, 6, 10, 5 and 7 days, respectively. Preoperatively, the femur affected, prosthesis and individualized plate with a greater trochanteric hook, loop cable channel and bone-like trabecular microporous structure were custom-made by 3D printing according to 1:1 models. Virtual operations were simulated to formulate surgical protocols. The operation time, length of surgical incision, intraoperative blood loss and transfusion, hospital stay, hip function and complications at the last follow-up were recorded. Results:The 5 patients were followed up for 12, 7, 10, 3 and 6 months, respectively. There were no events of superficial incision or deep prosthesis infection. Respectively, the operation time was 1.8, 1.7, 2.3, 2.0 and 3.3 h; the length of surgical incision 31, 30, 38, 27 and 30 cm; the intraoperative bleeding volume 400, 300, 300, 500 and 600 mL; the length of hospital stay 8, 9, 15, 14 and 11 d. Four patients received intraoperative blood transfusion of 300, 900, 150 and 1, 050 mL, respectively. One patient died of a heart attack 3 months after discharge; another patient developed dyskinesia at the contralateral limb 3 months after discharge due to cerebral infarction and died of recurrent cerebral infarction 7 months after discharge. At the last follow-up, the Harris hip scores of 3 patients were 86, 77 and 69 points, respectively. None of the patients had complications like breakage or loosening of implants.Conclusion:In the treatment of elderly patients with periprosthetic femoral fracture, fixation with a 3D printed individualized custom-made plate may lead to fine limb function and good short-term curative efficacy.