OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily explore the applicable scenarios of an intraoral camera to assist oral anatomical landmarks recognition, so as to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment mode, cultivate the concept of caring for patients, strengthen doctor-patient communication, assist experts to teach, and improve the clinical diagnosis and efficacy rate. METHODS: A new type of an intraoral camera was applied in the recognition of oral anatomy landmarks and four application scenarios were developed, namely: (1) clinical diagnosis and treatment scenarios, in which doctors used intraoral camera to conduct a comprehensive examination of patients in the mouth and take videos and photos; (2) doctor-patient communication scenarios, when the doctor told the patient about the treatment plan, the video or photo taken by the intraoral camera was displayed to the patient; (3) expert teaching scenarios, when the expert used an intraoral camera to teach in the patient's mouth, and the young doctor learned oral anatomical signs on the projection screen, with the study of theoretical lessons; (4) difficult case recording scenarios, in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment, when encountering difficult cases, you could use intraoral camera to record and take photos for young doctors to discuss, and experts to comment and guide. RESULTS: The application of intraoral camera could: (1) improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment mode and raise the clinical diagnosis and efficacy rate; (2) stimulate young doctors' interest in learning, use intraoral camera in assessments, and skillfully combine theoretical knowledge of anatomical landmarks with clinical practice, so as to improve the teaching effect; (3) cultivate, through self or mutual use, the concept of caring for patients and reinforce the importance of gentle operation; (4) strengthen doctor-patient communication. Doctors could communicate with patients more visually, so that the patients could better understand their own situation, and strengthen the patients' trust in the doctors. CONCLUSION Intraoral camera can assist oral clinical diagnosis and treatment, such as the recognition of oral anatomical landmarks. It plays a certain role in promoting the improvement of clinical diagnosis and treatment mode, stimulating learning interest, cultivating the concept of caring for patients, and enhancing doctor-patient communication.
Humans ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Physicians ; Communication ; Mouth ; Learning

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of CD33 and CD13 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients and its relationship with prognosis. METHODS: It was retrospectively observed that the expression of CD33 and CD13 in 121 MM patients who were newly diagnosed from January 2014 to January 2020, and the relationship between the expressions of CD33 and CD13 and patients prognosis was analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 121 newly diagnosed MM patients, there were 30 patients (24.8%) in the CD33⁺ group and 12 patients (9.9%) in the CD13⁺ group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that, compared with the CD33^- group, the progression-free survival (PFS) time and overall survival (OS) time were significantly shortened in MM patients in CD33⁺ group (PFS 17.5 vs 23 months, P=0.000; OS 18.5 vs 25 months, P=0.000); and the PFS time and OS time of MM patients in the CD13⁺ group were also significantly shortened than those in CD13^- group (PFS 21 vs 22 months, P=0.012; OS 25 vs 26 months, P=0.006). Cox regression analysis showed that CD33 and CD13 were independent adverse prognostic factors in MM patients (CD33: P=0.000;CD13: P=0.003). CONCLUSION CD33 and CD13 are prognostic risk factors in patients with MM.
CD13 Antigens ; Cell Count ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Multiple Myeloma ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3

SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 600 million people worldwide and caused more than 6 million deaths. The emerging novel variants have made the epidemic rebound in many places. Meteorological factors can affect the epidemic spread by changing virus activity, transmission dynamic parameters and host susceptibility. This paper systematically analyzed the currently available laboratory and epidemiological studies on the association between the meteorological factors and COVID-19 incidence, in order to provide scientific evidence for future epidemic control and prevention, as well as developing early warning system.
Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Meteorological Concepts ; Laboratories ; Epidemiologic Studies

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanism of one patient with abnormal serological phenotype in RhD and discuss the transfusion strategy. METHODS: The RhD variant sample was screened from a patient with IgM type anti-D antibody and further determined by three different sources of anti-D antibodies. Ten exons and the adjacent introns of the RHD gene were amplified, purified and sequenced. RhCE phenotypes and RHCE genotypes were detected. RESULTS: The patient with Rh variant showed abnormal results of serological tests. The RHD gene sequence analysis showed that the RHD*01W.01 with a variation (c.809T>G, p.Val270Gly) in exon 6 of the RHD gene was found in the patient. The RhCE phenotype was CcEe. The genotyping results of RHCE were consistent with the serological typing results. CONCLUSION The Rh variant of the patient is RHD*01W.01, these findings indicate that RhD variants should be analyzed by molecular assays for the sake of safe transfusion.
Alleles ; Blood Transfusion ; Exons ; Genotype ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System/genetics*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-oxidative effect of ethyl pyruvate (EP) and taurine (TAU) on the quality of red blood cells stored at 4±2 ℃, hemolysis, energy metabolism and lipid peroxidation of the red blood cells in the preservation solution were studied at different intervals. METHODS: At 4±2 ℃, the deleukocyte red blood cells were stored in the citrate-phosphate-dextrosesaline-adenine-1 (CPDA-1) preservation (control group), preservation solution with EP (EP-AS), and TAU (TAU-AS) for long-term preservation. The enzyme-linked immunoassay and automatic blood cell analyzer were used to detect hemolysis and erythrocyte parameters. Adenine nucleoside triphosphate (ATP), glycerol 2,3-diphosphate (2,3-DPG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) kits were used to test the ATP, 2,3-DPG and MDA concentration. RESULTS: During the preservation, the rate of red blood cell hemolysis in EP-AS and TAU-AS groups were significantly lower than that in CPDA-1 group (P<0.01). The MCV of EP-AS group was increased with the preservation time (r=0.71), while the MCV of the TAU-AS group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). The concentration of ATP and MDA in EP-AS and TAU-AS groups were significantly higher than that in CPDA-1 group at the 14th day (P<0.01). The concentrations of 2,3-DPG in the EP-AS and TAU-AS groups were significantly higher than that in the CPDA-1 group from the 7th day (P<0.01). CONCLUSION EP and TAU can significantly reduce the red blood cell hemolysis rate, inhibit the lipid peroxidation level of red blood cells, and improve the energy metabolism of red blood cells during storage. The mechanism of EP and TAU may be related to their antioxidation and membrane protection effect, so as to improve the red blood cell quality and extend the preservation time.
2,3-Diphosphoglycerate/metabolism* ; Adenine ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism* ; Blood Preservation ; Citrates/pharmacology* ; Erythrocytes/metabolism* ; Glucose/pharmacology* ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Pyruvates ; Taurine/pharmacology*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the synergistic immunomodulatory mechanism of interferon alpha-1b, interleukin-2 and thalidomide (ITI) regimen on patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS: Sixty eight untreated de novo or relapsed or refractory or maintenance therapy patients with AML admitted in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the other 11 medical units from March 2016 to May 2019 were treated with ITI regimen. Peripheral blood specimen per patient was collected into EDTA-K3 anticoagulation vacuum tube before the administration of ITI and 3 months after the treatment; peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and perforin and Granzyme B expression were analyzed by using flow cytometry; the levels of VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 in the plasma were detected by using a cytometric bead array. Thirty-five healthy subjects from the hospital physical examination centre were selected as normal controls. RESULTS: The ratio of CD4 CONCLUSION The ITI regimen can raise the ratio of CD4
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; Interleukin-2 ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy* ; Perforin ; Thalidomide

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of CD40/CD40L in multiple myeloma(MM) patients and its influence on prognosis. METHODS: Thirty patients with MM treated in Cangzhou People's Hospital from May 2016 to June 2017 were selected and divided into MM group, then 30 healthy people with a physical examination in our hospital at the same time were selected as the normal group. The serum CD40/CD40L levels of the patients in the two groups was detected by flow cytometry, and its correlation with the lymphocyte population, pathological grade and prognostic significance of MM patients was anaysis. RESULTS: The expression of CD40 in serum of the patients in MM group was significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.05). The expression of CD40L in serum of the patients in MM group showed no significant difference as compared with those in normal group (P>0.05). The levels of CD40 and CD40L in the patients before and after chemotherapy showed no difference(P>0.05). The levels of Ts and NK cells in the patients of MM group were lower than those in normal group (P<0.05). The proportion of total B lymphocytes, Th and Th/Ts cells between the two groups showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The CD40 level was correlated with the serum total B lymphocyte level of the patients in MM group (r=0.877, P=0.005). There was a correlation with CD40L and Th cells in the serum of MM patients (r=-0.783, P=0.035). The expression of serum CD40 in the patients at phase III-IV was higher than those of the patients at phase I-II, the levels of serum CD40L in MM patients at different periods showed no significant difference(P>0.05). The survival rate of MM patients with high CD40 expression was lower than that of MM patients with low CD40 expression (χ CONCLUSION The increasing of CD40 level in MM patients is related to the pathological grade of the patients. Chemotherapy can reduce the level of CD40. The increasing of CD40 is an important factor for the poor prognosis of MM patients. CD40L level is not meaningful for MM treatment and prognosis.
B-Lymphocytes ; CD40 Antigens ; CD40 Ligand ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of first-line and salvage autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in the treatment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS: The clinical data of 30 patients with DLBCL aged≤60 years old were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into first-line auto-HSCT group (15 cases) and salvage auto-HSCT group (refractory relapsed patients, 15 cases) according to the timing of transplantation, and the efficacy was analyzed. Anyone of the factors must be followed in patients receiving first-line HSCT: aaIPI score≥2 points, Ann-Arbor stage III-IV, large mass (diameter≥10 cm) or double expression of c-myc/BCL-2. RESULTS: The median follow-up time for all patients after transplantation was 26 (3-103) months. Until the end of follow-up, 23 patients survived and 7 patients died. All the 7 dead patients with multiple organ failure due to the relapse and disease progression. The median survival time of 7 dead patients from transplantation to death was 6 (3-11) months. Among the 15 patients in the first-line auto-HSCT group, there were 2 patients relapsed (13.3%), 1 dead (6.7%), 14 patients survived [overall survival (OS) rate was 93.3%]. Among the 15 patients treated with salvage auto-HSCT, 6 patients died due to disease progression or relapse (40%), 9 cases survived (OS rate was 60%). There was a statistically significant difference in the mortality of patients between the two groups (6.7% vs 40%, P=0.006). The 3-year PFS and OS rates of patients in first-line auto-HSCT group were both 93.3%. The 3-year PFS and OS of patients in salvage auto-HSCT group were 58.7% and 59.2%. The 3-year OS and PFS of patients in the first-line auto-HSCT group were significantly higher than those in the salvage auto-HSCT group (P=0.03, P=0.04). The bone marrow suppression was the most common adverse complication and all patients showed grade III-IV granulocytopenia. Non-hematological adverse reactions were mainly gastrointestinal adverse reactions and oral mucositis. There was no statistically significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups. CONCLUSION First-line auto-HSCT can be used as a consolidation treatment for DLBCL patients with poor prognostic factors. Auto-HSCT can further improve the prognosis of salvage chemotherapy-sensitive patients with refractory relapsed DLBCL.
Disease-Free Survival ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy* ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of enhanced autophagy in megakaryocyte to proplatelet formation in children with immune thrombocytopenia(ITP). METHODS: Giemsa staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe megakaryocyte morphology and proplatelet formation, Western blot was used to determine the expression of cytoskeleton protein and autophagy related protein. Autophagr regulation drugs Rap or 3-MA was used to regulate autophagy of megakaryocytes. RESULTS: Some vacuole-like structures was found in ITP megakaryocytes of the children, the expression of LC3II/I (ITP 1.32±0.18； Ctrl 0.49±0.16，P<0.05) and Atg5-Atg12 (ITP 0.69±0.17； Ctrl 0.12±0.08，P<0.05) was significantly higher in ITP children as compared with those in control group. The immu- nofluorescence staining showed that the cytoskeleton arrangement in megakaryocytes of ITP children was abnormal, and the phosphorylation of myosin light chain was also increased(ITP 0.74±0.09, Ctrl 0.05±0.02，P<0.05). In vitro, inducer or inhibitor of autophagy could regulate the production of proplatelet and the expression of cell cycle related protein, including CyclinD1（Veh 1.08±0.12; Rap 0.46±0.04; Rap+3-MA 0.70±0.03）, CyclinD2（Veh 0.47±0.04; Rap 0.27±0.04; Rap+3-MA 0.41±0.03）, P21（Veh 0.15±0.01; Rap 0.04±0.01; Rap+3-MA 0.05±0.01）. CONCLUSION Enhanced autophagy is the key factor of poor proplatelet formation in megakaryocytes of ITP children.
Autophagy ; Blood Platelets ; Humans ; Megakaryocytes ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; Thrombocytopenia

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical efficacy of allo-HSCT on FLT3-ITD positive AML patients. METHODS: The clinical data and curative efficacy of 56 FLT3-ITD AML patients treated with allo-HSCT in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2018 were analyzed and evaluated. RESULTS: Neutrophil implantation was successful for all the patients; The median time of granulocyte hematopoietic reconstruction and megakaryocyte hematopoietic reconstruction was 13 (10-20) d and 15 (9-23) d respectively. The median follow-up time for patients 34.3 (5.6-101.4) months, 41 patients were alive and 15 patients dead at the end of follow-up. The 3 years-OS and -DFS rate was 71.2% and 65.6%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the OS rate of patients without aGVDH (81.2±9.4)% was significantly higher than that of patients with aGVDH (55.4±9.1) % (χ=5.309，P＜0.05). The OS rate of patients achieved CR after one chemotherapy course before allo-HSCT was (80.2±9.2)%, which was significantly higher than that of patients achieved CR after more chemotherapy courses (χ=4.275，P＜0.05). Cox multivariate survival analysis showed that CR after more chemotherapy courses and aGVDH after transplantation were risk factors for OS rate. CONCLUSION Allo-HSCT can improve the prognosis of FLT3-ITD AML patients. The patients achieved CR after one chemotherapy course before allo-HSCT and patients without aGVDH after allo-HSCT have a better prognosis.
Disease-Free Survival ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Prognosis ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3