ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze an outbreak of rotavirus infectious diarrhea in a prison in Chongqing Municipality, to provide a basis for adult rotavirus surveillance and prevention, and to explore the public health problems in special settings. MethodsA retrospective survey was conducted to collect and analyze data on individual cases with diarrheal disease on-site. The clinical characteristics, as well as the temporal, spatial and geographical distribution patterns of the epidemic were described. Multi-pathogen detection tests were conducted both on diarrhea cases and environmental samples, with viral genotyping performed on positive samples. A case-control analysis was performed to identify the causes of the outbreak, and an SEIR model was adopted to predict the outbreak trend and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. ResultsA total of 65 cases were found among the inmates, with an attack rate of 2.03%. The predominant clinical manifestations included diarrhea (89.23%), watery stool (73.85%), and dehydration (18.46%). The epidemic curve indicated a “human-to-human” transmission pattern, with an average incubation period of 5‒6 days. The attack rates among chefs in the main canteen (80.00%, 8/10) and caterers (28.33%, 17/60) were significantly higher than those of other inmates （P<0.05）. Multi-pathogen polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing detected positive for group A rotavirus, with the viral genotyping identified as G9P [8] strain. Factors such as unprotected "bare-handed" food distribution among cases with diarrhea (OR=9.512, 95%CI: 4.261‒21.234) and close contact with diarrhea cases (OR=3.656, 95%CI: 1.719‒7.778) were the possible cause of the outbreak. The SEIR model (r₀=5, α=0.3, β₁=0.08, β₂=0.04) was constructed using prison inmates as susceptible population, aiming at fitting the initial transmission trend of the outbreak, and the epidemic rate declined rapidly after intervention measures were implemented (r_t≈0). ConclusionThis rare rotavirus infection diarrhea outbreak among adults in confined settings suggests that the construction of public health prevention and control systems in prison may be overlooked. Cross infection during meal processing and distribution in the canteens of such settings is likely to be the cause of the outbreak. Given the potential neglect of public heath system construction in special settings, it is imperative to enhance the surveillance and monitoring of rotavirus and other intestinal multi-pathogens among adults, as well as the construction of public health prevention and control systems in these special settings.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Danmu Extract Syrup (DMS) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and explore the mechanism. METHODS: Seventy-two male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to a random number table (n=12), including control (normal saline), LPS (5 mg/kg), LPS+DMS 2.5 mL/kg, LPS+DMS 5 mL/kg, LPS+DMS 10 mL/kg, and LPS+Dexamethasone (DXM, 5 mg/kg) groups. After pretreatment with DMS and DXM, the ALI mice model was induced by LPS, and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected to determine protein concentration, cell counts and inflammatory cytokines. The lung tissues of mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and the wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) of lung tissue was calculated. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 β in BALF of mice were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of Claudin-5, vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phospho-protein kinase B (p-Akt) and Akt were detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: DMS pre-treatment significantly ameliorated lung histopathological changes. Compared with the LPS group, the W/D ratio and protein contents in BALF were obviously reduced after DMS pretreatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The number of cells in BALF and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity decreased significantly after DMS pretreatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01). DMS pre-treatment decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β (P<0.01). Meanwhile, DMS activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway and reversed the expressions of Claudin-5, VE-cadherin and VEGF (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS DMS attenuated LPS-induced ALI in mice through repairing endothelial barrier. It might be a potential therapeutic drug for LPS-induced lung injury.
Mice ; Male ; Animals ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Interleukin-1beta/metabolism* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Claudin-5/metabolism* ; Acute Lung Injury/chemically induced* ; Lung/pathology* ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal

BACKGROUND:Bibliometrics and visual analyses based on thematic literature are particularly important for understanding the foundation and frontiers of postmenopausal osteoporosis research. OBJECTIVE:To perform bibliometric,citation,and visualization analyses of highly cited SCI papers in postmenopausal osteoporosis research over the last 20 years. METHODS:The top 100 highly cited papers on postmenopausal osteoporosis published between 2003 and 2022 included in SCI-EXPANDED catalog of the Web of Science database were obtained for bibliometric measure and visual analysis using CiteSpace software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The top 100 highly cited papers have a total of 67 377 citations in the Web of Science Core Collection,with an annual average of 49.17 citations per paper.Postmenopausal osteoporosis research primarily involves medical,engineering,biological,and multidisciplinary fields.The subcategories are dominated by endocrinology and metabolism,and medicine:internal medicine.Stable and close cooperative network relationships have been formed globally.United States,University of California System,Cummings,and Steven R are the country,research institution,and author,respectively,with the most highly-cited publications.The frontiers of postmenopausal osteoporosis research mainly include calcium and vitamin D supplementation and fracture risk,clinical studies of bisphosphonates in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis,atypical femur fracture,clinical studies of new drugs and sequential treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis,predictors of fracture risk,mid-and long-term follow-up of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,genetic polymorphisms and hereditary factors,formulation and updating of clinical practice guidelines for postmenopausal osteoporosis.Large cohort studies,high-quality randomized controlled trials,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,and clinical practice guidelines are the great engines that drive the development of clinical research in postmenopausal osteoporosis.We should make efforts in the above areas to improve China's international influence in the field of osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the efficacies of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PFNA)internal fixation in traction bed supine position and non-traction bed lateral position in the treatment of elderly unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures.Methods The clinical data of patients with unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA internal fixation in our hospital were retrospec-tively analyzed,41 patients received treatment in traction bed supine position were included in the supine position group,and 55 patients treated received treatment in non-traction bed lateral position were included in the lateral position group.The perioperative related indicators,surgical reduction,hip Harris score,and incidence of complications in the two groups were analyzed.Results The operation time and incision length of patients in the lateral position group were shorter than those in the supine position group,and the intraoperative blood loss and fluoroscopy times were less than those in the supine position group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the anesthesia mode,blood transfusion or hospital stay of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in neck-shaft angle,tip-apex distance or hip Harris score of patients between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion PFNA internal fixation in traction bed supine position and non-traction bed lateral position have the same effect in the treatment of elderly unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures,while the non-traction bed lateral position for treatment has more advantages in shortening operation time,decreasing intraoperative blood loss,and reducing radiation exposure.

This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of sappanone A (SA) in regulating renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. The animal experiment has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Suzhou Wujiang District Children's Hospital (approval number: 2022010). First, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate the effects of SA on IRI, and renal damage was scored. Serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cystatin C (Cystatin C) were analyzed. The effect of sappanone A on the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by IRI was analyzed by TUNEL staining. Protein expression levels of p-JNK/JNK, p-ERK/ERK, Bcl2, Bax and cleaved-caspase 3 in renal tissues were detected by Western blot. Finally, H&E staining, serological analysis, TUNEL staining and Western blot were used to determine whether JNK activator anisomycin could reverse the effect of SA on IRI in rats. The results showed SA significantly reduced the renal tubule injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion, and decreased the level of SCr, BUN and Cys C in serum. TUNEL staining showed that SA significantly reduced the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by IRI. Western blot analysis of kidney tissue showed that SA significantly promoted the expression of apoptosis inhibiting protein Bcl2 and inhibited the expression of apoptosis-promoting proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase 3. Further analysis elucidated that SA did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK but decreased the phosphorylation of JNK. Finally, H&E staining, serological analysis, TUNEL staining and Western blot confirmed that JNK activator anisomycin could reverse the alleviating effect of SA on IRI in rats. The above findings suggest that SA could alleviate IRI in rats by inhibiting JNK phosphorylation.

The n-butanol fraction of Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus 70% ethanol extract was separated and purified using column chromatography with MCI Gel CHP-20, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, and silica gel, combined with semi preparative liquid phase and TLC separation methods. One new halogenated 4,5-seco-eudesmane sesquiterpenoid and two new eremophilane sesquiterpenoids were isolated and purified from the n-butanol fraction of Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified using modern spectroscopic methods (1D, 2D NMR, UV, IR, MS, etc.), and the absolute configuration of the new compounds were determined using the methods of calculated ECD and induced ECD.

Objective To investigate the influence of family resilience on patients with ischemic stroke and provide references for promoting positive handling of patients and the family adaptation.Methods Objective sampling was employed to conduct the semi-structured interviews among 20 patients with ischemic stroke in a Grade ⅢA hospital in Hunan Province between June and September 2021.The data acquired from the interviews were analysed and summarised following Colaizzi analysis method.Results A total of three themes with 10 dimensions were extracted,including promoting post-traumatic growth of patients with 3 dimensions(accepting and attaching importance to the disease to develop a right recognition of the disease,enhancing the will to combat the disease and increasing rehabilitative awareness to develop a healthy life style,cultivating spiritual believes to increase the sense of adversity;stabilising family function and providing emotional support with 4 dimensions in creating safe and satisfactory family settings,facilitating active communications among family members to jointly make decisions fighting against the disease,optimising the roles of family members,and fortifying the cohesion among family members;and proving spiritual comfort and material support with 3 dimensions of providing mutual support among family members to reduce the costs of treatment,improving family intimacy and adaptive support to reduce negative emotions,and seeking support from society to reduce financial burdens.Conclusions Family resilience brings influences to the patients with ischemic stroke from multiple perspectives.It can promote post-traumatic growth,stabilise family functions,provide emotional support,and provide spiritual consolation as well as financial support.Therefore,healthcare workers should enhance the family resilience and ensure the role of family functions to promote an early recovery of patients.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)in patients during the postoperative period following cardiac surgery and to identify its influencing factors.Methods Post-cardiac surgery patients hospitalized during Sep to Nov,2023 were surveyed using questionnaires consisting of a general information questionnaire,PTSD checklist,resilience scale,social support rating scale,anxiety and depression self-rating scale,and simple coping style questionnaire.Then we analyzed the factors influencing PTSD symptoms after cardiac surgery.Results A total of 267 cases were enrolled.The mean PTSD score of the post-cardiac surgery patients was 16.51±12.31,with 29 patients at high risk for developing PTSD.Stepwise regression analysis revealed that low educational level,use of cardiopulmonary bypass,long stay in ICU,high pain scores,low levels of psychological resilience and social support,as well as high depression score were associated with higher PTSD scores in post-cardiac surgery patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of PTSD symptoms in patients after cardiac surgery is common and varies in severity.The influencing factors include the patient's educational level,use of extracorporeal circulation during surgery,length of ICU stay,duration of ventilator use,pain,patient's depression score,psychological resilience,and social support.Medical staff should pay more attention to the mental health level of high-risk patients and take targeted intervention measures in a timely manner.

Objective Establish the fingerprint of the group and optimize the extraction process of the Yunpi Huatan Tongqiao decoction.Methods The macroscopic characterization and similarity analysis of the extract fingerprint were carried out by applying the total statistical moment method.With baicalin,wogonin,rosmarinic acid,liquiritin,glycyrrhizic acid and paste yield as key quality attributes,and extraction time,water addition and extraction times as key process parameters,the optimal extraction process was selected by AHP-independent weight method,and the process was verified.Results Establishing a total statistical moment similarity evaluation method,and the average statistical moment similarity of the total amount of fingerprints of different extraction methods was 0.8807.The ANOVA results of the process evaluation model function are displayed that P<0.0001,R2=0.9904,indicating that the model was statistically significant.The best extraction process was determined as follows:adding 10-fold volume of water in the whole prescription,extracting for 1.5 h and extracting twice.Conclusion The total statistical moment analysis method that conforms to the fingerprint characteristics of the fingerprint of the extract was established,which was stable and reliable,which provided a reference basis for the quality control of the whole process of the subsequent process research.

Objective To explore the mechanism of'Wenyang Tongmai'(warming yang to unblock meridians)moxibustion in preventing and treating atherosclerosis.Methods Ten C57BL/6J mice fed with normal diet were set as blank group.Thirty ApoE-/-mice were fed with high-fat diet to establish atherosclerosis model,and were randomly divided into model group,Simvastatin group and moxibustion group,with 10 mice in each group.The intervention began on the first day of modeling.The mice in the moxibustion group were given moxibustion at Danzhong(RN17),Shenque(RN8),Neiguan(PC6),Xuehai(SP10)points,and the Simvastatin group was given Simvastatin distilled water suspension by gavage for 12 weeks.After administration,the pathological structure of thoracic aorta in mice was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method.The ultrastructure of thoracic aortic endothelial cells in mice was observed by transmission electron microscopy.The levels of serum tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1)and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(VCAM-1)in mice were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The mRNA expression levels of silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)and forkhead box O3a(FOXO3a)in thoracic aorta were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).The protein expression levels of SIRT1 and FOXO3a in thoracic aorta were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with the blank group,the pathological changes of thoracic aorta and vascular endothelial cells in the model group were obvious,the levels of serum inflammatory factor TNF-α,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1 in thoracic aorta were decreased(P＜0.01),and the mRNA and protein expressions of FOXO3a had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with the model group,the thoracic aorta and vascular endothelial cell structure of the mice in the Simvastatin group and the moxibustion group were obviously improved,the levels of serum TNF-α,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were decreased(P＜0.05),the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1 in the thoracic aorta were increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the mRNA and protein expressions of FOXO3a had no significant difference(P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in the above indexes between the Simvastatin group and the moxibustion group(P＞0.05).Conclusion'Wenyang Tongmai'moxibustion can prevent and treat atherosclerotic in rats via regulating and controlling SIRT1/FOXO3a signaling pathway to reduce inflammatory response.