ObjectiveTo understand the uncorrected visual acuity, spherical equivalent and hyperopia reserve of 6‒8-year-old primary school students in Jing’an District of Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for further myopia prevention and control. MethodsA total of 619 children aged between 6‒8 years old from three primary schools in Jing’an District were selected by cluster sampling method for uncorrected eye visual acuity examination and diopter examination after cycloplegia (mydriasis). ResultsThe mean uncorrected visual acuity of the619 students aged 6‒8 years old was (4.9±0.2), and the mean spherical equivalent was (0.84±1.11) D. The difference in uncorrected visual acuity was not statistically significant as the age increased (F=0.057, P=0.812), but the spherical equivalent decreased with the increase of age, showing a statistically significant difference (F=26.533, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in uncorrected visual acuity(t=-1.614, P=0.107) and spherical equivalent (t=-1.675, P=0.094) between students of different genders. Finally, among the 619 students, 59.80% of them had abnormal uncorrected visual acuity, 34.90% had insufficient hyperopia reserve, and only 5.30% had sufficient hyperopia reserve. Besides, the proportion of abnormal uncorrected visual acuity in 7-year-old students was 67.50%, higher than that of students with other ages, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²_trend=29.729, P<0.001). While the difference in abnormal uncorrected visual acuity between students of different genders was not statistically significant (χ²=0.068, P=0.967). ConclusionThe deficiency of hyperopia reserve in 6‒8-year-old students in Jing’an District of Shanghai is serious. Attention should be paid to the visual acuity of school-aged children in lower grades, and intervention measures should be actively carried out to slow down the progression of myopia.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of using biomechanical indicators as supplementary evaluation to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scoring System (MSTS) for amputee patients. METHODS: Twenty-four patients who underwent hemipelvectomy between September 2018 and January 2025 were enrolled. There were 15 males and 9 females with an average age of 61.4 years (range, 45-76 years). Participants performed gait tests at self-selected speeds using three assistive devices (prosthesis, single crutch, and double crutches). Motion data were analyzed using a customized OpenSim model. Biomechanical indicators of the intact limb exhibiting common characteristics were screened through correlation and sensitivity analyses. Test-retest reliability [interclass correlation coefficient (ICC)] of selected parameters was assessed to evaluate their potential as MSTS score supplements. RESULTS: All biomechanical indicators showed significant positive correlations with MSTS scores across assistive devices ( P<0.05). Seven indicators demonstrated |Pearson correlation coefficients|>0.8, including walking speed, maximum hip angle, maximum hip moment, peak hip flexion moment, peak hip extension moment, hip flexion impulse, and hip extension impulse. Among these, maximum hip moment, hip flexion impulse, and hip extension impulse exhibited significant between-group differences in adjacent MSTS levels ( P<0.05), indicating high sensitivity, along with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC>0.74, P<0.01). CONCLUSION Biomechanical indicators statistically qualify as potential supplements to MSTS scoring. Maximum hip moment, hip flexion impulse, and hip extension impulse demonstrate particularly high sensitivity to MSTS score variations.
Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Amputees/rehabilitation* ; Feasibility Studies ; Artificial Limbs ; Reproducibility of Results ; Amputation, Surgical ; Crutches ; Gait

Increasing evidence showed that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) dysfunction is directly associated with the onset and progression of various diseases, especially cancers, making the development of HDAC6-targeted anti-tumor agents a research hotspot. In this study, artificial intelligence (AI) technology and molecular simulation strategies were fully integrated to construct an efficient and precise drug screening pipeline, which combined Voting strategy based on compound-protein interaction (CPI) prediction models, cascade molecular docking, and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The biological potential of the screened compounds was further evaluated through enzymatic and cellular activity assays. Among the identified compounds, Cmpd.18 exhibited more potent HDAC6 enzyme inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 5.41 nM) than that of tubastatin A (TubA) (IC₅₀ = 15.11 nM), along with a favorable subtype selectivity profile (selectivity index ≈ 117.23 for HDAC1), which was further verified by the Western blot analysis. Additionally, Cmpd.18 induced G2/M phase arrest and promoted apoptosis in HCT-116 cells, exerting desirable antiproliferative activity (IC₅₀ = 2.59 μM). Furthermore, based on long-term MD simulation trajectory, the key residues facilitating Cmpd.18's binding were identified by decomposition free energy analysis, thereby elucidating its binding mechanism. Moreover, the representative conformation analysis also indicated that Cmpd.18 could stably bind to the active pocket in an effective conformation, thus demonstrating the potential for in-depth research of the 2-(2-phenoxyethyl)pyridazin-3(2H)-one scaffold.

Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction; To determine the three effective components with similar structure by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS); To evaluate the quality of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction.Methods:HPLC was adopted to establish the fingerprints of 15 batches of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction. The Chromatographic column was Waters XBridge Phenyl (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution with gradient elution. Cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted based on the relative peak area of common peaks. The same method as the fingerprint was used to establish QAMS of tubeimoside A, B, C on Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction.Results:There were 14 common peaks in the fingerprint of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction. It was confirmed that the peak 3 was L-tryptophan, the peak 11 was tubeimoside B, the peak 12 was tubeimoside C, and the peak 13 was tubeimoside A. 15 batches of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction from different origins were divided into 3 categories by HCA and PCA. There was no significant difference between QAMS and the external standard method (ESM) through the system suitability inspection. Conclusion:This method is accurate, reliable and has good specificity, which can effectively evaluate the quality of Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma standard decoction.

Objective:To construct an evaluation indicator system for the efficiency of nursing human resources in integrated medical and elderly care institutions using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and subsequently evaluate its effectiveness.Methods:This cross-sectional survey utilized literature review and investigative methods to initially establish a library of evaluation indicators for nursing human resource efficiency. The Delphi method was employed in two rounds of consultations with 17 experts from various fields, including nursing management, elderly care institution management, integrated medical and elderly care institution management, health economics management, and public health. The reliability of the indicator system was assessed based on factors such as expert enthusiasm, authority, concentration of opinions, and coordination. Adjustments, modifications, and improvements were made to the indicators based on expert opinions to establish the final indicator system. From August to December 2022, the DEA model was applied to evaluate the efficiency of 12 integrated medical and elderly care institutions in Haikou city based on this indicator system.Results:The constructed evaluation indicator system comprised 68 items divided into three levels: 9 primary indicators, 19 secondary indicators, and 40 tertiary indicators. The positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultations were 100% and 94.1%, with authority coefficients of 0.88 and 0.92, Kendall harmony coefficients of 0.471 and 0.348, and mean coefficients of variation of 0.16 and 0.12 ( P<0.001). DEA evaluation results for the 12 integrated medical and elderly care institutions showed that 5 were DEA effective institutions with comprehensive efficiency (OE), technical efficiency (TE), and scale efficiency (SE) values all equal to 1.000, while 7 were non-DEA effective institutions, including 4 with SE <1.000 but TE=1.000 and 3 with both SE and TE<1.000. Conclusions:The constructed evaluation indicator system demonstrates high enthusiasm, authority coefficients, and coordination in expert consultations, indicating high acceptability and comprehensive content with distinct levels and strong specialty characteristics. The DEA model′s evaluation results objectively and effectively reflect the efficiency of nursing human resources in integrated medical and elderly care institutions, demonstrating practical utility.

Objective:To investigate the long-term therapeutic effects and safety of renal denervation (RDN) on hypertensive patients with different cardiovascular risks, as well as its impact on adverse events, cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality.Methods:This was a single-center, single-arm, real-world retrospective study. Patients with refractory hypertension who underwent RDN at Tianjin First Central Hospital from July 6, 2011 to December 23, 2015 were enrolled and divided into either a high or intermediate-low risk group based on baseline cardiovascular risk. The treatment responsiveness of hypertensive patients with different cardiovascular stratification to RDN was assessed by comparing the results of office blood pressure, home blood pressure, and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at 1, 5, and 11 years after RDN. Long-term safety of RDN was assessed by creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 1 and 11 years after RDN. In addition, the total defined daily dose (DDD) of antihypertensive medications and the incidence of long-term adverse events, cardiovascular deaths, and all-cause deaths after RDN were followed up 11 years after RDN in person or by telephone.Results:A total of 62 patients with refractory hypertension, aged (50.2±15.0) years, of whom 35 (56.5%) were male, were included. There were 35 cases in high-risk group and 27 cases in low and medium risk group. The decrease in clinic systolic blood pressure (high risk vs. low-medium risk: (-38.0±15.1) mmHg vs. (-25.0±16.6) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133kPa), P=0.002), home self-measured systolic blood pressure ((-28.4±12.7) mmHg vs. (-19.7±13.1) mmHg, P=0.011) and clinic systolic blood pressure 11 years after RDN ((-43.0±18.4) mmHg vs. (-27.8±17.9) mmHg, P=0.003) in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-medium risk group. The differences in heart rate and the decrease in total DDD number of antihypertensive drugs between the two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Creatinine and eGFR levels in the two groups at 1 and 11 years after RDN were not statistically significant when compared with the baseline values (all P>0.05). The cumulative cardiovascular mortality rate was 1.6% (1/62) and 8.1% (5/62), and the cumulative all-cause mortality rate was 3.2% (2/62) and 11.3% (7/62) at 5 and 11 years after RDN, respectively. The differences in the incidence rate of adverse events, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality rate between the two groups were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusions:RDN has long-term antihypertensive effect and good safety. Hypertensive patients who belong to the high-risk stratification of cardiovascular risk may respond better to RDN treatment.

Objective:To investigate regulatory effect and mechanism of protein kinase C(PKC)δ/θ-dual functional oxidase 1(Duox1)-reactive oxygen species(ROS)signaling pathway on human airway mucin(MUC)5AC,to provide a new target for treatment of high secretion of airway mucus.Methods:Human airway epithelial cells 16HBE were pretreated with PKC and its subunit PKCδ/θ inhibitor,Duox1 inhibitor or free radical scavenger DMTU,respectively,and then human neutrophil elastase(HNE)stimulation to establish an in vitro airway inflammatory cell model.Generation level of ROS in each group of cells was determined by kit,mRNA levels of Duox1 and MUC5AC were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,influence of interfering factors of each group of cells on Duox1 protein level was determined by Western blot,and protein expression of MUC5AC in each group of cells was detected by ELISA and immunofluorescence.Results:Compared with control group,ROS production in HNE group was increased significantly,expressions of Duox1 and MUC5AC mRNA and protein were also increased(P<0.05).After administration of Duox1 inhibitors,free radical scavengers or PKC inhibitors and PKCδ/θ inhibitors,ROS production was significantly inhibited,Duox1 and MUC5AC mRNA and protein expressions were decreased(P<0.05),while after giving PKCα/β,ROS generation,Duox1 and MUC5AC mRNA and pro-tein expressions were not significantly changed compared with HNE group(P>0.05).Conclusion:HNE can mediate high expression of MUC5AC through PKCδ/θ-Duox1-ROS,which plays an important role in development of high secretion of airway mucus in vitro cell model experiment.

Pseudorabies virus(PRV)is the etiological agent of pseudorabies in pigs,which is char-acterized by dyspnea,reproductive disorders,and neurological diseases,and it spreads widely a-round the world.Since 2011,the newly emerged PRV variants have resulted in poor immunity pro-tection of traditional vaccine strains,and the original method of vaccine strain preparation is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Therefore,it is urgently needed to develop an efficient screening method of the vaccine strain at present.Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in this study,two single guide RNAs(sgRNA)were designed targeting the virulence gene TK of PRV variant strain CH/JX/2016,and then the enhanced green fluorescent protein the reporter(EGFP)gene was inserted at the TK locus by a homologous repair plasmid.After multiple rounds of plaque puri-fication,the rPRV-ΔTK/EGFP strain was obtained.The results showed the cleavage efficiency of the two sgRNAs was extremely high.The preparation of rPRV-ΔTK/EGFP strain was succeed af-ter only three rounds of purification,and the EGFP expressed normally.The CRISPR/Cas9 system can edit the PRV gene simply,rapidly,and efficiently,and exhibits great potential in the construction of vaccine candidate strains.Meanwhile,the rescued rPRV-ΔTK/EGFP strain not only could be used as a tracer strain in PRV variant infection progresses,but also for subsequent antivi-ral drug screening.

Objective:To establish ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) characteristic chromatogram of Pulsatilla chinensis; To provide reference for the origin identification and quality control of Pulsatilla chinensis. Methods:UPLC Method was adopted. The determination was performed on a column of Agilent SB C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) . The mobile phase was acetonitrile-methanol (2:1) -0.1% phosphoric acid solution by fradient elution at a flow rate of 0.30ml/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was 215 nm. The injection volume was 2 μl. The common counterfeit products and medicinal herbs of Pulsatilla chinensis from different areas were evaluated by comparison of characteristic chromatogram, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Results:There were 9 characteristic peaks in the characteristic chromatogram of Pulsatilla chinensis, and 8 common peaks were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry and comparison of reference materials. Through PCA analysis, it was possible to clearly distinguish the medicinal herbs of Pulsatilla chinensis from different areas. Combined with OPLS-DA analysis, it was found that peak 2, peak 3, peak 6 were the main markers of Pulsatilla chinensis from different producing areas. Conclusion:The established method has good specificity, repeatability and durability, and it can effectively distinguish the common counterfeits of Pulsatilla chinensis, and provide the basis of quality control and selection of origin for Pulsatilla chinensis.

Objective:To establish the ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprints of Mume flos at different flowering stages; To provide reference for the quality research of Mume flos.Methods:The fingerprints of Mume flos were established by UPLC method, and the common peaks were identified by high performance liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Chemometrics analysis was carried out with the fingerprints' common peak area of plum blossom at different flowering stages as a variable. Semiquantitative analysis of changes in flavonoids and phenolic acids in Mume flos at different flowering stages was conduct using peak area calculation method.Results:Totally 31 common peaks were identified in the fingerprints of plum blossom medicinal materials at different flowering stages and 9 components were identified. Clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) both classified plum blossom medicinal herbs at different flowering stages into three categories. Among them, there were significant differences between the groups at the bud stage, blooming period, and final flowering period, while the differences between the groups at blooming period and final flowering period were relatively small. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) screened 16 different components with VIP>1.0. The contents of phenolic acids in different flowering stages were as follows: bud stage>blooming period>final flowering period, while the contents of flavonoids were as follows: blooming period>final flowering period>bud stage.Conclusions:This method is simple and reliable, and can provide reference for the quality evaluation of plum blossom medicinal materials at different flowering stages.