The prognosis of patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) significantly improves the prognosis of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) sensitive mutation. EGFR sensitive mutations are associated with the incidence of brain metastases in NSCLC and may affect the efficacy of radiotherapy and TKI therapy. Both EGFR-TKI and radiotherapy are effective for EGFR-mutant NSCLC with brain metastases. Whether the combination of EGFR-TKI and radiotherapy may improve the prognosis compared with EGFR-TKI or radiotherapy alone has been studied. Retrospective studies have indicated that upfront radiotherapy, especially upfront stereotaxic radiosurgery combined with EGFR-TKI may be more advantageous in improving the prognosis, but it is still controversial. Therefore, clinical research progresses on the radiotherapy for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with brain metastases were reviewed.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of Bufei Yishen Granule BFYSG) combined with Shufei Tie acupoint sticking therapy on quality of life of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

METHODSA multi-center, double-blinded, double-dummy and randomized controlled method was adopted in this trial. A total of 244 patients were randomly assigned to a trial group and a control group according to the random number, each with 122 patients; treatment allocation occurred when the participants met the inclusion criteria and signed the informed consent form. In the trial group, patients were treated with BFYSG combined with "Shufei Tie" acupoint sticking therapy and sustained-release theophylline dummy, and in the control group patients were treated with oral sustained-release theophylline and BFYSG dummy combined with "Shufei Tie" acupoint sticking therapy dummy. The therapeutic course for two groups was 4 months and the follow-up was 6 months. The frequency and duration of acute exacerbation calculated by adding up each frequency and duration of acute exacerbation in treatment and follow-up time respectively, the quality of life measured by the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF scale and adult COPD quality of life (COPD-QOL) scale were observed.

RESULTSAmong the 244 enrolled patients, 234 were screened for full analysis set (FAS); 221 were screened for per-protocol analysis set (PPS). After 4-month treatment and 6-month follow-up there were differences between the trial group and the control group in frequency of acute exacerbation (FAS: P=0.013; PPS: P=0.046); duration of acute exacerbation (FAS: P=0.005; PPS: P=0.006); scores of physiological, psychological and environment aspects of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire (FAS: P=0.002, P=0.006, P=0.000; PPS: P=0.00, P=0.001, P=0.000); scores of daily living ability, social activity, depression symptoms aspects of the COPD-QOL questionnaire (FAS: P=0.000, P=0.000, P=0.006; PPS: P=0.002, P=0.001, P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONBFYSG combined with acupoint sticking therapy could improve the quality of life of patients with stable COPD.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Anxiety ; complications ; psychology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Depression ; complications ; psychology ; Disease Progression ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo analyze the infection condition of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and 18 in the squamous cells and columnar cells of patients with common anorecatal lesions.

METHODSInfections of HPV type 16 and 18 were determined with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in the wax-embedded surgical specimen of 805 patients with common anorectal diseases.

RESULTSThe overall infection rate among 805 patients with anorecatal lesions was 66.1% (532/805). The infection rate was 82.6% (95/115) in patients with mixed hemorrhoids, 76.5% (88/115) in anal papillary fibromas, 74.8% (86/115) in internal hemorrhoids, 72.2% (83/115) in fistulas, 69.6% (80/115) in external hemorrhoids, 47.8% (55/115) in anal perianal abscesses, and 39.1% (45/115) in anal fissures.

CONCLUSIONInfection rate of HPV type 16, 18 in common anorectal lesions is high.

Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Humans ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Rectal Diseases ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of monkshood cake-separated mild-warm moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Xiyan (EX-LE 5) on knee osteoarthritis.

METHODSThe patients of monkshood cake-separated mild-warm moxibustion group were treated with monkshood cake-separated mild-warm moxibustion at Dubi (ST 35), Zusanli (ST 36) and Neixiyan (EX-LE 4) on the affected side, and the medication group with oral administration of Xianling Gubao Capsules. After treatment for 4 weeks, VAS and index of severity of osteoarthritis (ISOA scale) were used for assessment of clinical therapeutic effect.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the arthralgia and the index of severity significantly improved in the two groups (P < 0.01), and the analgesic effect and improvement of ISOA in the monkshood cake-separated mild-warm moxibustion group were better than those in the medication group (P < 0.05). The basic clinical cured rate was 80.0% and the effect-producing time was (10.91 +/- 4.17) days in the monkshood cake-separated mild-warm moxibustion group, and 53.3% and (12.28 +/- 4.60) days in the medication group, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTherapeutic effect of monkshood cake-separated mild-warm moxibustion on knee osteoarthritis is better than that of oral administration of Xianling Gubao Capsules.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo introduce the process and outline of fluoroscopy-based navigation system assisted anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and evaluate its feasibility and accuracy.

METHODSFrom September 2005 to February 2006, there were 30 cases ACL rupture patients who received fluoroscopy-based navigation system assisted arthroscopy operations for ACL reconstruction (navigation group). At the same time, there were 40 patients who underwent traditional ACL operation (traditional group). For the navigation group, the proper placement of femoral and tibial tunnels was planned preoperatively in standard AP and lateral X-ray view. Intraoperative fluoroscopic images were taken and input into navigation computer system to form the virtual interactive working fields. After placement and registration, signals from patient trackers, which fixed on the distal femur and tibia respectively, and tool trackers, which attached with ACL tibial and femoral guide, were captured by the optic navigation camera and the navigation computer system could pursue the real-time position of the ACL tools and projected into working field to help precise placement of femoral and tibial tunnels. Then results of two groups were observed and evaluated.

RESULTSFor navigation group, the mean time extension was 20 min. The tibial tunnel position was measured in all these cases. The tibial tunnel position of navigation group was 45.90% (SD 2.36%), and the traditional group was 41.05% (SD 6.01%). The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFluoroscopy-based navigation system assisted ACL reconstruction improves the accuracy and reproducibility of the tunnel placement.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafting ; methods ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Tibia ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in patients with ITP.

METHODSFlow cytometry was used to examine the number of CD4+ CD25+, CD4+ CD25 high, CD4+ Foxp3+ and CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells. The level of Foxp3 mRNA expression was analyzed by realtime quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) . CD4+ CD25 high T cells was cocultured with CD4+ CD25 - T cells from patients or controls for assessing the regulatory properties of CD4+ CD25 Treg cells.

RESULTSThe proportion of CD4+ CD25+ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with ITP [(15.64 +/- 5.82) %] was significantly higher than that in normal control group [(9.30 +/- 3.95)%] (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the percentages of CD4+ CD25 high T cells between ITP patients and controls [(1.53 +/- 0.66)% versus (1.36 +/- 0.55)% (P = 0.317)]. But the number of CD4 Foxp 3+ T cells and CD4 + CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells in patients were significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.01). The expression of Foxp3 mRNA reduced (P < 0.01) and the suppressive activity of CD4+ CD25 high T cells is lower than that of healthy controls (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONIn patients with ITP, both the number and immuno-regulative function of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells are reduced.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; immunology ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the transcription regulation of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-CdR) on SHP-1 gene and its effects on Daudi cell line growth.

METHODSMTT method and flow cytometry were used to detect the growth and apoptosis of Daudi cells after treated with different dosage of 5-Aza-CdIR. Bisulfite sequencing PCR ( BSP) , T-A cloning and sequence analysis were evaluated for methylation status. The SHP-I mRNA and protein were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) ,immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS(1)After 7 d treatment with 2. 00 micromol/L of 5-Aza-CdR, all cytosines (C) in Daudi cells genome DNA were converted to thymidine, and SHP-1 mRNA and protein expressed again in the cells while those Cs in CpG dinucleotides in untreated Daudi cells remained Cs; (2)5-Aza-CdR inhibited the cell growth,The effects within certain extent were dose and time dependent:after 72 h treatment with 5-Aza-CdR at 200. 00, 20. 00, 2. 00 and 0. 20 micromol/L, the inhibitive rates were 72. 0% , 65. 1%, 51. 5%, 28.8% ,23.4% respectively; (3) 5-Aza-CdR increased apoptosis rate of tumor cells with a dose and times dependent manner within certain extent, too:at the 1,3,5 d treatment with 5-Aza-CdR 2. 00 micromol/L,the apoptosis rates were 2. 3% ,10. 8 % and 17. 1% ; respectively. (4) 5-Aza-CdR also changed cell cycle of tumor cells: at 24 h treatment with 5-Aza-CdR 2.00 micromol/L,92. 7% tumor cells stopped at S phase and G, phase cells were increased gradually with time.

CONCLUSIONDNA promoter hypermethylation is associated with SHP-1 gene silence in Daudi lymphoma cell line. 5-Aza-CdR could effectively cause demethylation and inhibit the growth of tumor cell by reactivating the gene transcription.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Azacitidine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; DNA Methylation ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo study the platelet morphology and function of an inherited macrothrombocytopenia disorder with abnormal large granules.

METHODSPlatelet size and structure were investigated by both light microscopy and electron microscopy. The platelet membrane expression of GP I b, GP II b, GPIII a, P-selectin and CD63 were analyzed by using respective monoclonal antibodies. Platelet 5-hydroxy-tryptamine was measured with spectrophotofluorometer.

RESULTSBoth the patient and her father had large granules in their platelets, with exocytosis being easily observed. The expressions of GP I b, GP II b and GP II a on the platelets were in normal range, while P-selectin and CD63 were somewhat increased. The abnormal large granules were not the alpha granules, lysosomes or dense bodies.

CONCLUSIONBoth morphological and functional abnormalities of the platelets from the patient are clearly distinguishable from other hereditary giant platelet disorders. It would probably represent a novel platelet disorder.

Adult ; Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Female ; Humans ; Integrin beta3 ; biosynthesis ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; biosynthesis ; Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb ; biosynthesis ; Thrombocytopenia ; genetics ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo determine the relative resistance to HIV-1 infection of CD4 + T lymphocytes in HIV-exposed seronegative individuals (ESNs) in China.

METHODSHIV primary isolates were obtained from peripheral whole blood of HIV-infected persons. CD4 + T lymphocytes of Chinese ESNs were separated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells with magnetic cell sorting (MACS). The purified CD4 + T lymphocytes were cocultured with HIV primary isolates. The p24 level was detected and the culture medium was refreshed every 3 days within 2 weeks.

RESULTSFor M tropic HIV strains, p24 level was significantly lower in ESN group than in control group (P < 0.05); for some M tropic HIV strains, even no p24 replicated in ESN group. However, T tropic virus strains had no significant difference between these two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCD4 + T lymphocytes of Chinese ESNs may possess relative resistance to M tropic HIV strains, which may be one of the main influencing factors that result in ESN.

Adult ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; virology ; China ; Female ; HIV ; classification ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity ; HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV Seronegativity ; immunology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Sexual Partners

OBJECTIVETo ascertain whether other variations coexist with 1555(A--> G) mutation in the mitochondrial DNA and may aggravate the severity of hearing loss or increase the penetrance of 1555(A--> G) mutation in a large family with maternally inherited nonsyndromic deafness in Huaiyin, Jiangsu province.

METHODSPCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to screen both the nt1555 and the nt7445 of the mitochondrial DNA from 27 maternal members in the core family; and then the mitochondrial genomes from two maternal members, and the 12S rRNA genes MTRNR1 and tRNA-Ser(UCN) gene MTTS1 from the others, were amplified by PCR-RFLP and were sequenced.

RESULTS1555(A--> G) mutation in the mitochondrial DNA was reverified to be one of the major factors which cause maternally inherited nonsyndromic deafness and the cosegregation of 955-960(insC) and 1555(A--> G) was present in this family. Moreover, 7449 (insG), a novel homoplasmic mutation in the tRNA-Ser(UCN) gene, was found to co-exist with 1555(A--> G) mutation in two maternal members.

CONCLUSIONThe cosegregation of 955-960(insC) and 1555(A--> G) implies that 955-960(insC) may synergistically cause hearing loss in the presence of an 1555(A--> G) mutation, serving as an aggravating factor to enhance the sensitivity to aminoglycosides, and may sometimes increase the penetrance of 1555(A--> G) mutation.

DNA, Mitochondrial ; chemistry ; genetics ; Deafness ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Sequence Analysis, DNA