Objective To investigate the expression of Cyclin F in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), its clinicopathological characteristics, and its effect on the biological behavior of renal cancer cell lines Methods RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of Cyclin F in fresh ccRCC specimens. Immunohistochemistry assay was performed to detect the expression of Cyclin F protein in 80 paraffin samples. CCK-8 assay, scratch assay, and flow cytometry were conducted to determine the effects of Cyclin F overexpression on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of renal cancer cell lines. Results The expression of Cyclin F in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues at the mRNA level (P<0.0285). The expression of Cyclin Fprotein in cancer tissues was lower than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). The analysis of clinicopathological parameters showed that the low expression of Cyclin F was correlated with WHO/ISUP grade, Ki67 index, and age (P=0.041, 0.047, 0.008,). In vitro experiments confirmed that overexpression of Cyclin F promoted the proliferation (P<0.001) and migratory ability (24 h P=0.003, 48 h P=0.0058) of the RCC 786-O cell line, while inhibiting apoptosis (P=0.0019). Conclusion The low expression of Cyclin F protein in ccRCC tissuesis associated with high ISUP grade, high Ki67 index, oldage, and prognosis of patients.

Objective To summarize the epidemiological and clinical features of infectious diseases of the central nervous system(CNS)by a single-center analysis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 1247 cases of CNS infectious diseases diagnosed and treated in the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from 2001 to 2020.Results The data for this group of CNS infectious diseases by disease type in descending order of number of cases were viruses 743(59.6％),Mycobacterium tuberculosis 249(20.0％),other bacteria 150(12.0％),fungi 68(5.5％),parasites 18(1.4％),Treponema pallidum 18(1.4％)and rickettsia 1(0.1％).The number of cases increased by 177 cases(33.1％)in the latter 10 years compared to the previous 10 years(P<0.05).No significant difference in seasonal distribution pattern of data between disease types(P>0.05).Male to female ratio is 1.87︰1,mostly under 60 years of age.Viruses are more likely to infect students,most often at university/college level and above,farmers are overrepresented among bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis,and more infections of Treponema pallidum in workers.CNS infectious diseases are characterized by fever,headache and signs of meningeal irritation,with the adductor nerve being the more commonly involved cranial nerve.Matagenomic next-generation sequencing improves clinical diagnostic capabilities.The median hospital days for CNS infectious diseases are 18.00(11.00,27.00)and median hospital costs are ￥29,500(￥16,000,￥59,200).The mortality rate from CNS infectious diseases is 1.6％.Conclusions The incidence of CNS infectious diseases is increasing last ten years,with complex clinical presentation,severe symptoms and poor prognosis.Early and accurate diagnosis and standardized clinical treatment can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality rate and ease the burden of disease.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of the use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for portal hypertension, which should aid the development of TIPS in China.Methods:The China Portal Hypertension Alliance (CHESS) initiated this study that comprehensively investigated the basic situation of TIPS for portal hypertension in China through network research. The survey included the following: the number of surgical cases, main indications, the development of Early-TIPS, TIPS for portal vein cavernous transformation, collateral circulation embolization, intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurement, commonly used stent types, conventional anticoagulation and time, postoperative follow-up, obstacles, and the application of domestic instruments.Results:According to the survey, a total of 13 527 TIPS operations were carried out in 545 hospitals participating in the survey in 2021, and 94.1% of the hospital had the habit of routine follow-up after TIPS. Most hospitals believed that the main indications of TIPS were the control of acute bleeding (42.6%) and the prevention of rebleeding (40.7%). 48.1% of the teams carried out early or priority TIPS, 53.0% of the teams carried out TIPS for the cavernous transformation of the portal vein, and 81.0% chose routine embolization of collateral circulation during operation. Most of them used coils and biological glue as embolic materials, and 78.5% of the team routinely performed intraoperative portal pressure gradient measurements. In selecting TIPS stents, 57.1% of the hospitals woulel choose Viator-specific stents, 57.2% woulel choose conventional anticoagulation after TIPS, and the duration of anticoagulation was between 3-6 months (55.4%). The limitation of TIPS surgery was mainly due to cost (72.3%) and insufficient understanding of doctors in related departments (77.4%). Most teams accepted the domestic instruments used in TIPS (92.7%).Conclusions:This survey shows that TIPS treatment is an essential part of treating portal hypertension in China. The total number of TIPS cases is far from that of patients with portal hypertension. In the future, it is still necessary to popularize TIPS technology and further standardize surgical indications, routine operations, and instrument application.

Objective To explore the influence of extracellular matrix protein ABI-interactor 3-binding protein(ABI3BP)on vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)genome replication and innate immune signaling pathway. Methods The small interfering RNA(siRNA)was transfected to knock down ABI3BP gene in human skin fibroblast BJ-5ta cells.VSV-green fluorescent protein(VSV-GFP)-infected cell model was established.The morphological changes and F-actin stress fiber formation were detected on ABI3BP knockdown cells by phalloidin immunofluorescence staining.The mRNA level of virus replication was detected by RT-qPCR in BJ-5ta cells after VSV-GFP infection;western blotting was performed to detect the changes in interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)andTANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)phosphorylation levels. Results The VSV-GFP-infected BJ-5ta cell model was successfully established.Efficient knockdown of ABI3BP in BJ-5ta cells was achieved.Phalloidin immunofluorescence staining revealed structural rearrangement of intracellular F-actin after ABI3BP gene knockdown.Compared with the control group,the gene copy number of VSV-GFP in ABI3BP knockdown cells increased by 2.2-3.5 times(P＜0.01)and 2.2-4.0 times(P＜0.01)respectively when infected with VSV of multiplicity of infection 0.1 and 1.The expression of viral protein significantly increased in ABI3BP knockdown cells after virus infection.The activation of type-Ⅰ interferon pathway,as determined by phosphorylated IRF3 and phosphorylated TBK1,was significantly decreased in ABI3BP knockdown cells after VSV-GFP infection. Conclusions Extracellular matrix protein ABI3BP plays an important role in maintaining the formation and rearrangement of actin structure.ABI3BP gene deletion promotes RNA virus replication,and ABI3BP is an important molecule that maintains the integrity of type Ⅰ interferon pathway.

Obiective Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by a variety of risk factors. There are various pathological changes, but apoptosis of the neurological meridian cells is one of the most important pathological bases. Hyperlipidemia is a high-risk factor for the development of AD, which can lead to increased levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) in brain tissues. PCSK9 is a protease closely related to lipid metabolism, but studies have shown that it may be related to the development of AD. LRP1 is abundantly expressed in neuronal cells, and it is an important transporter for the clearance of Aβ. There is now a large amount of literature confirming that PCSK9 can induce the degradation of LRP1. PI3K/AKT is an important signaling pathway in vivo, which plays an important role in apoptosis, and there is now a large amount of literature confirming that LRP1 activates the PI3K/AKT pathway, which has an anti-apoptotic effect. So can PCSK9 affect the PI3K/AKT pathway through LRP1 and thus regulate neuronal apoptosis? This deserves further investigation.The aim of this study was to explore the role of PCSK9 in mediating ox-LDL pro-apoptotic neuronal cell death and its mechanism, and then further elaborate the mechanism of hyperlipidemia leading to neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. MethodsFirstly, PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of ox-LDL (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/L) for 24 h. Oil red O staining was used to detect lipid accumulation in PC12 cells, Hoechst33258 staining and flow cytometry to detect apoptosis in PC12 cells, ELISA to detect the content of Aβ secreted by PC12, Western blot to detect expression of SREBP2, PCSK9 and LRP1. Then PC12 cells were treated with 75 mg/L ox-LDL for different times (0, 6, 12, 24, 48 h), and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of SREBP2, PCSK9 and LRP1. Finally, after transfecting 100 nmol/L PCSK9 siRNA into PC12 cells for 48 h, PC12 cells were treated with 75 mg/L ox-LDL for 24 h, Hoechst33258 staining and flow cytometry to detect apoptosis rate of PC12 cells, and Western blot to detect PCSK9, LRP1, PI3K, AKT, P-PI3K , P-AKT, NF-κB, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 expression, and ELISA detected Aβ content secreted by PC12 cells. Resultsox-LDL increased lipid accumulation and promoted apoptosis and Aβ secretion in PC12 cells, as well as increasing the expression of SREBP2 and PCSK9 and decreasing the expression of LRP1 in PC12 cells. pCsk9 siRNA could be inhibited through the PI3K/AKT pathway and the NF-κB-Bcl-2/Bax-Caspase-9/3 pathway to inhibit ox-LDL-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells while increasing Aβ secretion in PC12 cells. Conclusionox-LDL plays a bidirectional regulatory role in ox-LDL-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells by inducing an increase in PCSK9 expression and a decrease in LRP1 expression in PC12 cells, which in turn affects different signaling pathways downstream.

Aim To explore the effect of Danggui Shaoyao San on edema in rats with nephrotic syndrome and the underlying mechanism.Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,Danggui Shaoyao San group(17.2 g·kg-1·d-1),losartan group(30 mg·kg-1·d-1)and tolvaptan group(3 mg·kg-1·d-1).The rat model of nephrot-ic syndrome was established by tail vein injection of adriamycin.After four weeks of treatment,the levels of renal function and 24 h urinary protein were detected.The distribution of aquaporin 2(AQP2)and pS256-AQP2 in renal tissue was detected by immunohisto-chemistry.The levels of plasma arginine vasopressin(AVP)and angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)were measured by radioimmunoassay.The expressions of renal AQP2,pS256-AQP2,angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1R),arginine vasopressin receptor 2(V2R)protein and mRNA were measured by Western blot and RT-PCR,respectively.Results The three drugs could improve renal function,reduce proteinuria,decrease plasma AVP and Ang Ⅱ levels,and down-regulate AQP2 and pS256-AQP2 protein and mRNA expression in model rats.Danggui Shaoyao San and tolvaptan were more ef-fective than losartan in reducing plasma AVP levels.Conclusions Danggui Shaoyao San may regulate the expression of AQP2 by reducing the levels of AVP and Ang Ⅱ,and improve the edema of nephrotic syndrome rats.

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical outcomes of the ortho-bridge system(OBS)and the proximal humeral internal locking system(PHILOS)for the treatment of humeral surgical neck fractures(HSNF)in the elderly.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 80 elderly patients with HSNF admitted to our hospital.Patients were divided into the two groups based on different surgical methods,among which 30 patients treated with OBS were included into the OBS group and 50 patients treated with PHILOS were included into the PHILOS group.The operation indicators,postoperative recovery indicators,serum bone metabolism indexes[osteocalcin(OCN),N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅰ precollagen(PINP)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)],callus score,shoulder joint function scores[Constant-Murley scale(CMS)score and Neer score],and incidence of complications of the two groups were compared.Results The operation time in the OBS group was longer than that in the PHILOS group,and the fracture healing time was shorter than that in the PHILOS group(P＜0.05).The levels of serum OCN,PINP,and ALP 1 month and 3 months after surgery in the OBS group were higher than those in the PHILOS group(P＜0.05).The callus scores 1 month,2 months,and 3 months after surgery in the OBS group were higher than those in the PHILOS group(P＜0.05).The CMS and Neer scores 1 month and 3 months after surgery in the OBS group were higher than those in the PHILOS group(P＜0.05).The incisions of patients in the two groups recovered well after surgery,achieving gradeⅠ healing without complications such as wound infection or nonunion.Conclusion Compared with PHILOS,the application of OBS in the treatment of elderly patients with HSNF has a better short-term clinical outcome,and can promote fracture healing.

AP2 transcription factors belong to the AP2/ERF superfamily and are involved in the regula-tion of various biological processes in plant growth and development,as well as in response to biotic and abiotic stresses.However,studies on the AP2 transcription factor family of Perilla frutescens have not been reported.In this study,totally 18 AP2 family members were identified from the Perilla frutescens ge-nome and analyzed for gene structure,conserved motifs,and cis-acting elements using bioinformatics.WRINKLED1(WRI1)is a key regulator of lipid biosynthesis in many plant species and plays an impor-tant role in the regulation of lipid synthesis.Sequence comparison revealed that one member of WRI1 is highly homologous to AtWRI1 and contains two conserved AP2 domains,named PfWRI1.The expression levels of PfAP2 family genes were analyzed in different tissues of Perilla frutescens and at different stages of seed development in conjunction with the transcriptome data,and the results showed that PfWRI1 is highly expressed only in the seeds of Perilla frutescens,suggesting that PfWRI1 may be related to the de-velopmental process of the seeds.The overexpression vector of plant pCAMBIA1303-PfWRI1 was con-structed,and wild-type(Col)and mutant(wri1-1)Arabidopsis thaliana were transformed by Agrobacte-rium tumefaciens to obtain overexpression and complementation lines,respectively.The results showed that the expression of P fWRI1 led to an increase in oil content of Arabidopsis seeds by 8.90％-13.57％compared with Col,and promoted the accumulation of oleic acid(C18:1)and linoleic acid(18:2)and reduced the accumulation of palmitic acid(C16:0),arachidonic acid(C20:0),and cis-11-Eicosenoic acid(C20:1)in transgenic Arabidopsis seeds.In addition,PfWRI1 gene expression increased the ex-pression of glycolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis-related genes AtPKP-α,AtPKP-β1,AtBCCP2,AtSUS2,and AtLIP1.Taken together,PfWRI1 may promote lipid accumulation by increasing unsaturated fatty acid content through interaction with the above genes.

Cells are the fundamental structural and functional units of biological organisms,with inherent differences in composition and interactions with exogenous substances,known as cellular heterogeneity.Single cell inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(SC-ICP-MS)allows for the high-throughput introduction of individual cells,enabling the highly sensitive detection and quantification of elements within a single cell,thus effectively providing information on cellular heterogeneity.This review outlined the SC-ICP-MS sample preparation process for different types of cells(single-cell systems,aggregation-prone and adherent cell systems,animal tissues,and plant tissues),including steps such as separation,washing,and fixation,as well as the advantages and existing issues of the current sample introduction systems and quantification methods.The recent applications of SC-ICP-MS in detecting endogenous substances(endogenous elements and proteins),exogenous substances(heavy metals,metal-based drugs and nanoparticles),and the simultaneous detection of both endogenous and exogenous substances were summarized.Finally,the perspectives on the future development of SC-ICP-MS in analytical methods and application fields were presented,including the optimization of single-cell sample preparation,transport efficiency,evaluation standards of ionization efficiency,and the establishment of multiparametric cell analysis platforms.

Objective To clarify the understanding of types of laboratories and manufacturers for GB 9706.1-2020 Medical electrical equipment-Part 1:General requirements for basic safety and essential performance by laboratory proficiency testing for creepage distance and electrical clearance test.Methods An operation guide was formed according to the testing program in GB 9706.1-2020,and the homogeneity and stability of the samples were evaluated according to CNAS-GL003:2018 Guidance on Evaluating the Homogenneity and Stability of Samples Used for Proficiency Testing.Robust statistic methods were used to assess the quantitative parameters of the test results of the participating laboratories according to the requirements in GB/T 28043-2019 Statistical methods for use in proficiency testing by interlaboratory comparison;the results reported by the expert laboratories were used as the specified values of the qualitative parameters.SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.Results All the results of the crreepage distance and electrical clearance tests met the requirements for homogeneity and stability.Of the 46 laboratories involved in,37 ones did have comprehensive satisfactory determinations while the remained 9 ones not.Conclusion Some laboratories don't behave well in understanding the standard,which have to be reformed accordingly to enhance their proficiencies.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(10):54-59]