Aim To investigate the mechanism of ligu aged 2 months of the same strain were used as the constilide (LIG) in delaying the senescence of auditory trol (Ctrl) group. Auditory brainstem response test was cortex and treating central presbycusis. Methods used to detect the auditory threshold of mice before and Forty C57BL/6J mice aged 13 months were randomly di after treatment. Levels of serum MDA and activity of vided into ligustilide low-dose(L-LIG) group, ligustil serum SOD were detected to display the level of oxidative ide medium-dose (M-LIG) group, ligustilide high-dose stress. The pathological changes of auditory cortex were (H-LIG) group and aging (Age) group, and 10 mice observed by HE staining. Ferroptosis was observed by

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Baihuan Xiaoyao Decoction （Xiaoyaosan added with Lilii Bulbus and Albiziae Cortex） in alleviating depression-like behaviors of juvenile rats by regulating the polarization of microglia. MethodSixty juvenile SD rats were randomized into normal control， model， fluoxetine， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （5.36， 10.71， 21.42 g·kg^-1， respectively） Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction groups. The rat model of juvenile depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. The sucrose preference test （SPT） was carried out to examine the sucrose preference of rats. Forced swimming test （FST） was carried out to measure the immobility time of rats. The open field test （OFT） was conducted to measure the total distance， the central distance， the number of horizontal crossings， and the frequency of rearing. Morris water maze （MWM） was used to measure the escape latency and the number of crossing the platform. The immunofluorescence assay was employed to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS， the polarization marker of M1 microglia） and CD206 （the polarization marker of M2 microglia）. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the mRNA levels of iNOS， CD206， pro-inflammatory cytokines ［tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α， interleukin （IL）-1β， and IL-6］ and anti-inflammatory cytokines （IL-4 and IL-10） in the hippocampus. Western blotting was employed to determine the protein levels of iNOS and CD206 in the hippocampus. The levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in the hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ResultCompared with the normal control group， the model rats showed a reduction in sucrose preference （P<0.05）， an increase in immobility time （P<0.05）， decreased motor and exploratory behaviors （P<0.05）， and weakened learning and spatial memory （P<0.05）. In addition， the model rats showed up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of iNOS and mRNA levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction increased the sucrose preference value （P<0.05）， shortened the immobility time （P<0.01）， increased the motor and exploratory behaviors （P<0.05）， and improved the learning and spatial memory （P<0.01）. Furthermore， the decoction down-regulated the positive expression and protein level of iNOS， lowered the levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.01）， promoted the positive expression of CD206， and elevated the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 （P<0.01） in the hippocampus of the high dose group. Moreover， the high-dose Baihuan Xiaoyao decoction group had higher sucrose preference value （P<0.01）， shorter immobility time （P<0.01）， longer central distance （P<0.01）， stronger learning and spatial memory （P<0.01）， higher positive expression and protein level of iNOS （P<0.01）， lower levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， lower positive expression and mRNA level of iNOS （P<0.05）， and higher levels of IL-4 and IL-10 （P<0.05， P<0.01） than the fluoxetine group. ConclusionBaihuan Xiaoyao decoction can improve the depression-like behavior of juvenile rats by inhibiting the M1 polarization and promoting the M2 polarization of microglia in the hippocampus.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of recombinant human anti-severe acute respiratory syn-drome coronavirus 2(anti-SARS-CoV-2)monoclonal antibody injection(F61 injection)in the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)combined with renal damage.Methods Patients with COVID-19 and renal damage who visited the PLA General Hospital from January to February 2023 were selected.Subjects were randomly divided into two groups.Control group was treated with conventional anti-COVID-19 therapy,while trial group was treated with conventional anti-COVID-19 therapy combined with F61 injection.A 15-day follow-up was conducted after drug administration.Clinical symptoms,laboratory tests,electrocardiogram,and chest CT of pa-tients were performed to analyze the efficacy and safety of F61 injection.Results Twelve subjects(7 in trial group and 5 in control group)were included in study.Neither group had any clinical progression or death cases.The ave-rage time for negative conversion of nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 in control group and trial group were 3.2 days and 1.57 days(P=0.046),respectively.The scores of COVID-19 related target symptom in the trial group on the 3rd and 5th day after medication were both lower than those of the control group(both P＜0.05).According to the clinical staging and World Health Organization 10-point graded disease progression scale,both groups of subjects improved but didn't show statistical differences(P＞0.05).For safety,trial group didn't present any infusion-re-lated adverse event.Subjects in both groups demonstrated varying degrees of elevated blood glucose,elevated urine glucose,elevated urobilinogen,positive urine casts,and cardiac arrhythmia,but the differences were not statistica-lly significant(all P＞0.05).Conclusion F61 injection has initially demonstrated safety and clinical benefit in trea-ting patients with COVID-19 combined with renal damage.As the domestically produced drug,it has good clinical accessibility and may provide more options for clinical practice.

AIM To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on hearing function,cochlear morphology and autophagy-related protein expression in a rat model of presbycusis.METHODS Forty-five rats were randomly divided into the control group,the model group and the low,medium and high dose G.biloba extract groups(10,20 and 30 mg/kg),with 9 rats in each group.The rat model of presbycusis was established by intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg D-galactose(D-gal).Eight weeks after the corresponding administration,the rats had their changes of hearing threshold detected by the auditory brainstem evoked potential(ABR);their morphological changes of cochlear hair cells,stria vascularis(SV)and spiral ganglion cells observed by HE staining;their number of hair cells inside and outside the cochlea detected by immunofluorescence staining;their ultrastructure changes of cochlear hair cells observed by transmission electron microscopy;and their expression of autophagy-related proteins in cochlea tissue detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model group displayed increased ABR threshold(P<0.01);more severely damaged inner and outer hair cells,spiral ganglion cells and SV,decreased SV thickness and numbers of spiral ganglion cells,inner and outer hair cells and autophagosomes(P<0.01);decreased protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3 Ⅱ and ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ in cochlear tissue(P<0.01),and higher P62 protein expression(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the medium and high dose G.biloba extract groups shared decreased ABR thresholds(P<0.01);improved morphology of inner and outer hair cells and SV in the cochlea,normalized,morphology of spiral ganglion cells,and increased SV thickness and the numbers of spiral ganglion cells,inner and outer hair cells and autophagosomes(P<0.05,P<0.01);increased protein expressions of Beclin1 and LC3 Ⅱ and the ratio of LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ in the cochlea(P<0.01),and decreased P62 protein expression(P<0.01).CONCLUSION The protective effects G.biloba extract on hearing function and cochlear cells in the rat model of presbycusis may be associated with the up-regulated expression of Beclin1 and LC3 Ⅱ proteins and down-regulated P62 protein expression in cochlear tissues.

Objective To explore the relevant risk factors of H.pylori infection,and provide reference for prevention and treatment of H.pylori in this area,and further provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.Methods A total of 1200 residents in four districts of Haikou city were investigated by questionnaire and urea 14 C breath test by holistic stratified random sampling to calculate the population infection rate and analyze the risk factors of infection.Results The total infection rate was 32.5％,which was lower than the national H.pylori infection rate.No consumption of fruits and vegetables,no habit of washing hands before meals,and people with gastrointestinal symptoms,are independent risk factors of H.pylori infection.No consumption of pickled products is of great significance to prevent H.pylori infection.Conclusion The prevalence of H.pylori infection in the population of Haikou is lower than the national average,and H.pylori infection is closely related to the poor living habits of residents.

Objective:To discuss the relationship between 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and clinical pathological indicators and prognosis in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). Methods:A total of 100 CMM patients (62 males, 38 females, age (56.5±2.5) years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scans at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from August 2013 to November 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical pathological indicators (such as primary site, TNM staging, sentinel lymph node (SLN) status) and metabolic parameters (SUV max, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), whole-body MTV (wb-MTV), and whole-body TLG (wb-TLG)) were collected. ROC curve analyses were used to determine the PET parameters thresholds for progression-free survival (PFS) and melanoma-specific survival (MSS). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the prognosis of patients′ PFS and MSS, and a nomogram survival prediction model was constructed. Results:Results of ROC curve analyses showed that the thresholds of SUV max of primary tumor (p-SUV max), MTV of primary tumor (p-MTV), TLG of primary tumor (p-TLG), wb-MTV and wb-TLG for predicting PFS and MSS were 7.13, 2.24 cm 3, 6.98 g, 2.57 cm 3, 8.04 g and 9.09, 2.34 cm 3, 7.44 g, 2.24 cm 3, 9.17 g, respectively. Results of univariate analysis indicated that several clinical pathological indicators and metabolic parameters were prognostic risk factors for PFS and MSS. Results of multivariate analysis indicated that metastases of SLN (hazard ratio( HR)=2.54, 95% CI: 1.09-5.90; P=0.030) and wb-TLG>8.04 g( HR=2.58, 95% CI: 1.17-5.72; P=0.019) were independent prognostic risk factors for PFS, while metastases of SLN ( HR=4.53, 95% CI: 1.54-13.35; P=0.006) and wb-TLG>9.17 g ( HR=2.48, 95% CI: 1.26-4.89; P=0.009) were independent risk prognostic factors for MSS. A nomogram survival prediction model based on PET metabolic parameter (wb-TLG) and clinical pathological indicator (SLN status) can effectively predict the prognosis of CMM patients. Conclusions:Clinical pathological parameters and PET parameters are associated with the prognosis of CMM patients. SLN status is critical for prognosis.

Extracting extracts of secondary metabolites from the karst cave fungus Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 from the Yilingyan Scenic Area in Guangxi. Ten compounds were isolated and purified from fungal secondary metabolites using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. 7-Hydroxy-3-hydroxypropyl-5,6-dimethylisochrome-1-one (1) and 7-hydroxy-3,5,6-trimethyl-isochromen-1-one (2) were new isocoumarin compounds, N-acetyl phenylalanine (3), chaetosumin J (4), 2-one-13-hydroxy-3,5,8,7(11)-eudesmatetraen-12,8-olide (5), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (6), irpexolaceus B (7), irlactin L (8), cytochalasin K (9), and helvolic acid (10), a total of 8 known compounds. The structure of the compound was determined using methods such as NMR and mass spectrometry. The tumor cytotoxicity of the compound was evaluated using the CCK-8 method. The results showed that the IC₅₀ of compound 2 on HepG2 cells was 29.83 µmol·L^-1, and compound 9 on HCT116 cells was 27.44 µmol·L^-1.

Aim To explore the effect of curcumin on the growth of malignant glioma and the possible mecha-nism.Methods Human glioblastoma cell U87 was taken as the study object.They were randomly separa-ted into the blank control group(without any interven-tion)and low,medium and high curcumin group(10,20 and 40 μmol·L-1),temozolomide group(40μmol·L-1),curcumin 40 μmol·L-1+LY210976110 μmol·L-1,curcumin 40 μmol·L-1+SRI-011381 10 μmol·L-1,then they were intervened for 48 h.The activity,migration and invasion ability of U87 cells in each group were measured by CCK-8 method and Transwell method.The cell cycle changes of U87 cells were measured by flow cytometry.The ex-pression levels of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in U87 cells were measured by Western blotting.Results After 48 h intervention,the percentage of U87 cell activity,cell migration and invasion number in curcu-min group and temozolomide group were lower than those in the blank control group(P＜0.05),and all decreased with the increase of curcumin dose(P＜0.05).Compared with the blank control group,the number of cells increased in Sub-G0 stage in the curcu-min group and temozolomide group(P＜0.05),and decreased in G2/M stage(P＜0.05).The protein rel-ative expression levels of TGF-β1,p-Smad 3,N-cad-herin,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in U87 cells in high curcumin group and temozolomide group were lower than those in the blank control group(P＜0.05),and the protein relative expression levels of Smad 7 and E-cadherin were higher than those in the blank control group(P＜0.05).There was no statisti-cally significant difference between the high curcumin group and temozolomide group(P＞0.05).Compared with the high curcumin group,inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad pathway could further inhibit the activity,migra-tion and invasion of U87 cells,reduce the relative ex-pression levels of TGF-β1,P-Smad 3,MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins(P＜0.05),and increase the relative expression levels of Smad 7 and E-cadherin protein(P＜0.05),while the TGF-β1/Smad pathway activator was vice versa(P＜0.05).Conclusions Curcumin can inhibit the growth of malignant glioma U87 cells,and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Purpose To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder polypoid lesions(GPLs)(diameter≥10 mm).Materials and Methods A prospective enrollment of 229 patients with GPLs who underwent cholecystectomy in 17 hospitals from December 1 2021 to June 30 2024 was conducted to analyze the relationship between general data,conventional ultrasound,CEUS characteristics and the nature of GPLs.Multivariate Logistic regression was employed to identify independent risk factors for neoplastic polyps,the differential diagnostic value of different indicators was compared.Results Among 229 patients with GPLs,there were 108 cases of cholesterol polyps,102 cases of adenoma and 19 cases of gallbladder cancer.Age(Z=-4.476,P<0.001),polyp number(χ2=15.561,P<0.001),diameter(Z=-8.149,P<0.001),echogenicity(χ2=9.241,P=0.010),vascularity(χ2=23.107,P<0.001),enhancement intensity(χ2=47.610,P<0.001),enhancement pattern(χ2=6.468,P=0.011),vascular type(χ2=84.470,P<0.001),integrity of gallbladder wall(χ2=7.662,P=0.006)and stalk width(Z=-9.831,P<0.001)between cholesterol polyps and neoplastic polyps were statistically significant.Age,location,diameter,echogenicity,enhancement pattern,vascular type and stalk width between adenoma and gallbladder cancer were statistically significant(Z=-4.333,-3.902,-5.042,all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hyper-enhancement,branched vascular type and stalk width were independent risk factors for neoplastic polyps(OR=4.563,5.770,3.075,all P<0.001).The combination of independent risk factors was better than single factor and diameter in the differential diagnosis of cholesterol polyps and neoplastic polyps(all P<0.01).Conclusion CEUS can effectively identify the nature of GPLs and provide a valuable imaging reference for the selection of treatment methods.

Here,5 important pathogens carried by ticks in Maanshan City,Anhui Province,China were identified.In to-tal,642 ticks were collected from 13 villages around Maanshan City and identified by morphological and mitochondrial COI genes.The 16S rRNA gene of Francisella tularensis,ssrA gene of Bartonella,16S rRNA,ompA and ompB genes of Rickett-sia,16S rRNA and gltA genes of Anaplasma,and groEL and rpoB genes of Coxiella were sequenced.Reference sequences were retrieved from a public database.Phylogenetic trees were constructed with MEG A1 1.0 software.In total,36 Rickettsiae isolates were detected in 640 Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks,which included 20 isolates of Rickettsia heilongjian-gensis,16 of Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis,2 of Ana-plasma bovis,and 186 of Coxiella-like endosymbiont.R.hei-longjiangensis HY2 detected in this study and Anhui B8 strain,Ca.R.jingxinensis QL3 and those from Shanxi Prov-ince and Jiangsu Province,A.bovis JX4 and those from Shanxi Province were clustered on the same branch.Overall,17 ticks had combined infections and none of the 5 bacteria were detected in two Amblyomma testudinarium ticks.This is the first report of Ca.R.jingxinensis detected in H.longicornis ticks from Anhui Province.It is recommended that the two types of Rickettsia that cause spotted fever and A.bovis should be reported to local health authorities to initiate appropriate prevention and control measures.