Programmed cell death (PCD) is characterized as a cell death pathway governed by specific gene-encoding requirements, plays crucial roles in the homeostasis and innate immunity of organisms, and serves as both a pathogenic mechanism and a therapeutic target for a variety of human diseases. Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1) functions as a cytosolic nucleic acid sensor, utilizing its unique Zα domains to detect endogenous or exogenous nucleic acids and its receptor-interacting protein homotypic interaction motif (RHIM) domains to sense or bind specific signaling molecules, thereby exerting regulatory effects on various forms of PCD. ZBP1 is involved in apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and PANoptosis and interacts with molecules, such as receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), to influence cell fate under various pathological conditions. It plays a crucial role in regulating PCD during infections, inflammatory and neurological diseases, cancers, and other conditions, affecting disease onset and progression. Targeting ZBP1-associated PCD may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for related pathological conditions. This review comprehensively summarizes the regulatory functions of ZBP1 in PCD and its interactions with several closely associated signaling molecules and delineates the diseases linked to ZBP1-mediated PCD, along with the potential therapeutic implications of ZBP1 in these contexts. Ongoing research on ZBP1 is being refined across various disease models, and these advancements may provide novel insights for studies focusing on PCD, potentially leading to new therapeutic options for related diseases.

To investigate the effects of phosphorus fertilizer on the morphological traits, active ingredients and rhizosphere soil microbial community of Polygala tenuifolia. The phosphorus fertilizer was calculated in terms of P_2O_5. Five treatments were set up: 0(CK), 17(P1), 34(P2), 51(P3), and 68(P4) kg per Mu(1 Mu≈667 m~2). A randomized block design was adopted. Samples of P. tenuifolia and its rhizosphere soil were collected under different superphosphate fertilizer treatments. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the rhizosphere soil microbial community, 9 morphological traits were measured and the content of 11 active ingredients were determined. The results showed that the whole plant weight, shoot fresh weight, root weight, and root peel thickness were the highest under P1 treatment, increasing by 34.41%, 38.80%, 39.21%, and 3.17% respectively compared to CK. Under P2 treatment, the plant height, stem diameter, root thickness, and core thickness were significantly higher than CK. Phosphorus fertilizer had a significant impact on the content of tenuifolin, sibiricose A5, sibiricose A6, arillanin A, 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose, and polygalaxanthone Ⅲ. Correlation analysis results showed that the relative abundance of Arthrobacter, Bacillus, norank＿f＿Vicinamibacteraceae, norank＿o＿Vicinamibacterales, MND1 and other bacteria, as well as the relative abundance of Neocosmospora, Paraphoma and other fungi were positively correlated with root diameter, wood core diameter, the whole plant weight, root weight, shoot fresh weight of P. tenuifolia. Bacillus, Neocosmospora, Subulicystidium were significantly positively correlated with oligosaccharides such as 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose, sibiricose A5、sibiricose A6、glomeratose A、arillanin A and tenuifoliside C. Arthrobacter, Humicola, Aspergillus, Paraphoma were positively correlated with tenuifolin and norank＿f＿Vicinamibacteraceae, norank＿o＿Vicinamibacterales, Fusarium were positively correlated with polygalaxanthone Ⅲ. Evidently, appropriate phosphorus application is conducive to the growth and quality improvement of P. tenuifolia, and can increase the abundance of beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
Rhizosphere ; Phosphorus/pharmacology* ; Soil Microbiology ; Polygala/anatomy & histology* ; Fertilizers/analysis* ; Bacteria/metabolism* ; Soil/chemistry* ; Microbiota/drug effects* ; Plant Roots/metabolism*

As the most abundant and essential structural protein in the human body, collagen is ubiquitously present in the interstitium of nearly all solid organs, playing a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity and functional stability of human tissues and organs. Disorders associated with collagen structure and metabolisms impose a significant burden on society and healthcare systems. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential steps in collagen metabolism, and recent studies have indicated that aberrant regulation of PTMs plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progress of collagen-related disorders, including liver, kidney, heart, lung, and skin fibrosis, as well as keloid. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the regulatory mechanisms of both traditional and novel PTMs in collagen metabolism and collagen-related diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the drugs that modulate PTMs and their effects, with the aim of elucidating the pathophysiology of collagen-related diseases and provide new insights for their diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of icotinib on right ventricular remodeling in rats with monocrotaline(MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension(PH).Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group(0.3％sodium carboxymethyl cellulose),model group and low,high dose experimental groups(30,60 mg·kg-1 icotinib),8 rats in each group.PH rat model was established by single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg·kg-1 MCT in model group and low,high dose experimental groups.The drug was administered continuously for 4 weeks after MCT injection.The hemodynamic indexes of each group were detected.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining was used to detect the apoptosis of right ventricular cardiomyocytes.The protein levels of B cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),cleaved cysteine aspartic acid specific protease-3(cleaved-caspase-3),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),phosphorylated EGFR(p-EGFR),optic atrophy 1(Opa1)and mitofusin 2(Mfn2)were detected by Western blot analysis.Results The right ventricular systolic pressure in low,high dose experimental groups and control group,model group were(38.58±4.98),(34.15±3.88),(23.66±2.45)and(45.07±5.78)mmHg;the mean pulmonary artery pressure were(27.85±3.77),(24.25±3.09),(17.33±2.46)and(33.07±4.15)mmHg;the right ventricle(RV)to left ventricle+septum were(36.38±5.51)％,(33.63±4.69)％,(22.25±2.96)％and(42.50±7.33)％;the RV to tibial length were(69.33±7.86),(62.69±7.17),(49.12±6.42)and(78.22±9.07)mg·cm-1.There were significant differences in the above indexes between low,high dose experimental groups and model group(all P＜0.01).There were significant differences in Bcl-2,Bax,cleaved caspase-3,p-EGFR,Opa1,Mfn2 between low,high dose experimental groups and model group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion Icotinib can inhibit right ventricular remodeling in PH rats induced by MCT,and its mechanism may be related to reducing the phosphorylation level of EGFR in the right ventricle,alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

Objective:To measure and compare the difference of personal attenuation rating (PAR) of the workers wearing foam earplugs before and after the training, and to evaluate the effect of ear protector wearing training on the noise protection.Methods:In February 2023, 94 workers exposed to noise in a machinery manufacturing factory were selected as subjects. The production noise in the workplace was measured and subjects were trained to wear earplugs. The PAR values of wearing 3M 1110 foam test earplugs were measured and recorded before and after the training by using the fit testing of hearing protection device. The differences between the actual PAR values with nominal values and the noise attenuation values in related standards were compared, and the protective effect of hearing protection device before and after training was evaluated.Results:The average age of the subjects was (36.76±11.48) years old, the average length of service was (16.34±11.64) years, and the average exposure time to noise was (15.67±11.64) years. The noise detection results of the subjects' posts were ranged from 80.1 to 94.3 dB (A). The results of subjects wore 3M 1110 foam test earplugs for fit testing showed that the binaural PAR value after training was (19.3±6.4) dB (A), which was significantly higher than that before training (11.1±7.4) dB (A) ( t=13.31, P<0.001). After training, 11 people (11.70%) could reach the corrected noise reduction value (NRR value), 26 people (27.66%) could reach the standard of single noise reduction value (SNR value) ×0.6, and 84 people (89.36%) could reach the standard of (NRR-7) /2. The under protection rate of hearing protectors after training (7.45%) was significantly lower than that before training (45.74%), and the difference of different protection levels before and after training was statistically significant (χ 2=40.83, P<0.001) . Conclusion:It is suggested that enterprises should use the fit testing instead of nominal value estimation to evaluate the noise reduction effect of hearing protection device. Special training on the selection and use of hearing protection device should be strengthened, so as to ensure that workers wear them correctly and improve the protective effect of hearing protection device.

Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case-control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk. Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results After Bonferroni correction,the case-control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population. Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.

Objective:To measure and compare the difference of personal attenuation rating (PAR) of the workers wearing foam earplugs before and after the training, and to evaluate the effect of ear protector wearing training on the noise protection.Methods:In February 2023, 94 workers exposed to noise in a machinery manufacturing factory were selected as subjects. The production noise in the workplace was measured and subjects were trained to wear earplugs. The PAR values of wearing 3M 1110 foam test earplugs were measured and recorded before and after the training by using the fit testing of hearing protection device. The differences between the actual PAR values with nominal values and the noise attenuation values in related standards were compared, and the protective effect of hearing protection device before and after training was evaluated.Results:The average age of the subjects was (36.76±11.48) years old, the average length of service was (16.34±11.64) years, and the average exposure time to noise was (15.67±11.64) years. The noise detection results of the subjects' posts were ranged from 80.1 to 94.3 dB (A). The results of subjects wore 3M 1110 foam test earplugs for fit testing showed that the binaural PAR value after training was (19.3±6.4) dB (A), which was significantly higher than that before training (11.1±7.4) dB (A) ( t=13.31, P<0.001). After training, 11 people (11.70%) could reach the corrected noise reduction value (NRR value), 26 people (27.66%) could reach the standard of single noise reduction value (SNR value) ×0.6, and 84 people (89.36%) could reach the standard of (NRR-7) /2. The under protection rate of hearing protectors after training (7.45%) was significantly lower than that before training (45.74%), and the difference of different protection levels before and after training was statistically significant (χ 2=40.83, P<0.001) . Conclusion:It is suggested that enterprises should use the fit testing instead of nominal value estimation to evaluate the noise reduction effect of hearing protection device. Special training on the selection and use of hearing protection device should be strengthened, so as to ensure that workers wear them correctly and improve the protective effect of hearing protection device.

BackgroundIn China， the structure shift from just one-child family to both one-child and more-than-one-child families is happening. Exploring how the sibling relationships effect between adolescent personality impulsivity and aggressivity is of great significance for promoting adolescent mental health as well as maintaining social harmony and stability. ObjectiveTo investigate the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents， so as to provide references for the prevention of violent and aggressive behavior in adolescents. MethodsFrom February to April， 2023， a total of 1 200 students with sibling relationships from 12 primary and secondary schools in a county of Sichuan province were included by random sampling. Barratt Impulsivity Scale （BIS-11）， Chinese Version of Buss & Perry Aggression Questionnaire （AQ-CV）， and Sibling Relationship Questionnaire （SRQ） were used for cross-sectional investigation. Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of these scales. Bootstrap method was used to test the effecting path of sibling relationships between personality impulsivity and aggressivity. ResultsThe total score of BIS-11 was positively correlated with that of AQ-CV as well as the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ （r=0.485、0.276、0.280，P<0.01）， while negatively correlated with the score of warmth/intimacy dimension in SRQ （r=-0.383， P<0.01）. The total score of AQ-CV was positively correlated with the scores of conflict and competition dimensions in SRQ （r=0.387， 0.340， P<0.01）， while negatively correlated with the score of warmth/intimacy dimension in SRQ （r=-0.304， P<0.01）. Within SRQ， negative correlations could be observed between the score of warmth/intimacy and scores of conflict and competition （r=-0.307， -0.375， P<0.01）， whereas positive correlation could be observed between the score of conflict and that of competition （r=0.267， P<0.01）. The total effect of personality impulsivity level on aggressivity level in adolescent was 0.480 （P<0.01）. Sibling relationships played a mediating role between personality impulsivity and aggressivity in adolescents. Meanwhile， the indirect effect values of warmth/intimacy， conflict and competition were 0.054， 0.075 and 0.062， with the effect values accounting for 11.21%， 15.70% and 12.93%， respectively. ConclusionThe personality impulsivity of adolescents can directly affect their aggressivity， and sibling relationships may act as an important channel connecting personality impulsivity and aggressivity. ［Funded by 2023 Project of the Psychology and Behavioral Science Research Center of the Deyang Federation of Social Sciences （number， XLYXW2023305）］

Objective To understand the cognition status of high-alert medications among medical staffs in Chongming District of Shanghai,and to explore its influencing factors and improvement countermeasures,so as to provide references for safe clinical use and effective control of such drugs.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to investigate among medical staffs in 9 hospitals in Chongming District from March to May 2022,the survey content included general information of medical staff and their awareness of high-alert medications.The orderly multi-classification logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the cognition of high-alert medications among medical staffs.Results A total of 605 valid questionnaires were collected,including 263 from doctors and 342 from nurses.The results of univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the grade distribution of high-alert medications management knowledge scores among doctors of different gender,education background and whether to partcipate in in-hospital training(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the grade distribution of high-alert medications management knowledge scores among nurses with different education background,hospital level and whether to partcipate in in-hospital training(P＜0.05).There was significant differences in the grade distribution of high-alert medications pharmacy knowledge scores whether doctors participated in in-hospital training(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the grade distribution of high-alert medications pharmacy knowledge scores among nurses with different education background,professional title,working years and whether to partcipate in in-hospital training(P＜0.05).The results of multi-factor Logistic analysis showed that whether doctors had participated in in-hospital training was an influential factor for and high-alert medications management knowledge score level(OR=0.003,95％CI 0.000 to 0.023,P＜0.001),high-alert medications pharmacy knowledge score level(OR=0.252,95％CI 0.147 to 0.431,P＜0.001).Whether nurses participated in in-hospital training(OR=0.022,95％CI 0.010 to 0.048,P＜0.001)and hospital level(OR=3.353,95％CI 1.639 to 6.855,P=0.001)were the influencing factors of nurses'high-alert medications management knowledge score level,and education background(OR=4.933,95％CI 1.452 to 16.760,P=0.011)and whether nurses participated in in-hospital training(OR=0.414,95％CI 0.239 to 0.717,P=0.002)were the influencing factors of nurses'high-alert medications pharmacy knowledge score level.Conclusion The cognition of high-alert medications among medical staffs in Chongming District is at a medium level on the whole.It is suggested to improve their cognitive ability and risk prevention awareness by improving their education,strengthening the knowledge education and training of high-alert medications,and homogenizing management,so as to ensure the safety of clinical drugs.

RNA fluorescence aptamers are RNA sequences that can specifically bind to non-toxic,cell permeable,and self-fluorescent target molecules and activate their luminescent properties.These aptamers provide powerful tools for biosensing and imaging researches due to their simple structure,easy synthesis,and easy transfection.This article summarized the characteristics and development history of various RNA fluorescent aptamers,including Malachite Green,Spinach,Broccoli,Mango,Corn,and Pepper family,as well as their corresponding fluorescent groups.The applications of RNA fluorescent aptamers were also reviewed from two aspects:extracellular detection and cell imaging.This review might provide guidance for labeling,detection and interactions of molecules from proof of concept and clinical assessment to practical clinical and biomedical applications.