Objective To establish the functional constipated mouse model by compound diphenoxylate, and explore the anti-constipation effect of black garlic polysaccharide. Methods Mouse small intestine ink propulsion experiment and mouse defecation experiment were carried out respectively. The mice in each experiment were randomly divided into blank group, model group, positive group and black garlic polysaccharide （0.25, 0.5, 1 g/kg） groups. Mice in blank group and model group were given distilled water, and in positive group were given lactulose oral solution. Compound diphenoxylate （5 mg/kg） was intragastric administrated after 1 week of administration, and small intestine propulsion experiment and defecation experiment were conducted respectively. Results Compared with model group, intestinal propulsion rate of black garlic polysaccharide groups was significantly increased and first dejection time was significantly shorten, and the number, weight and fecal water content increased significantly at 6 h in middle and high dose groups. Conclusion Black garlic polysaccharide could promote intestinal propelling, shorten defecation time and increase fecal water content.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different sequential treatment regimens for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER-2）-positive advanced gastric cancer from the perspective of the Chinese health system. METHODS Survival data were obtained from the ToGA， WJOG 4007 and RAINBOW-Asia trials， and adjusted using network meta-analysis. A four-state Markov model was constructed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of six treatment sequences， with a lifetime simulation horizon and a cycle period of 4 weeks （28 d）， and the main output parameters of the model included total costs， quality-adjusted life year （QALY）， and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio （ICER）. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the basic analysis results， and a price reduction scenario analysis for trastuzumab was performed. RESULTS Compared with chemotherapy sequentially treated with paclitaxel， the ICER of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy sequentially treated with paclitaxel， or irinotecan， or ramucirumab plus paclitaxel were 349 845.25， 772 410.64， and 2 510 470.39 yuan/QALY， respectively， all exceeding three times China’s 2023 per capita gross domestic product （GDP） （268 074 yuan/QALY） as the willingness-to-pay （WTP） threshold. This indicated that chemotherapy sequential paclitaxel was the optimal treatment regimen. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the basic analysis. The scenario analysis showed that when trastuzumab was reduced by more than 20%， trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy sequentially treated with paclitaxel became cost-effective under this study’s WTP threshold. CONCLUSIONS When using three times China’s 2023 per capita GDP as the WTP threshold， chemotherapy sequentially treated with paclitaxel is the optimal regimen for HER-2 positive advanced gastric cancer， with trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy sequentially treated with paclitaxel as the second best option. With enhanced medical insurance optimization， trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy sequentially treated with paclitaxel is expected to become the most cost-effective treatment regimen.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of toosendanin on the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating the expression of cell division cycle associated protein 5(CDCA5).Methods The expression of CDCA5 in different lung tissues was analyzed in TCGA database.The expression level of CDCA5 in BEAS-2B cells and A549 cells was detected by Western blot.The effect of different concentrations of toosendanin on the viability of A549 cells was determined by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay.The A549 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(normal cells cultured normally),toosendanin group(normal cells cultured with 40 μmol·L-1 toosendanin),toosendanin+pcDNA group(cells transfected with pcDNA empty vector and cultured with 40 μmol·L-1 toosendanin),and toosendanin+CDCA5 group(cells transfected with CDCA5 overexpression vector and cultured with 40 μmol·L-1 toosendanin).After 48 h of cultivation,the proliferation and apoptosis of each group of cells were detected by CCK-8 and flow cytometry,and the expression of proliferation and apoptosis related proteins in each group of cells was detected by Western blot.The BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into sh-NC and sh-CDCA5 stable transfected cell lines with nude mouse xenograft models.Daily intraperitoneal injection of 0.9％NaCl and 40μmol·L-1 toosendanin solution was given to observe and record the changes in tumor tissue volume and body mass.Results The results of CCK-8 showed that after 48 hours,the survival rates of A549 cells treated with 10,20,30,40,50,60 and 70 μmol·L-1 toosendanin were(80.74±8.71)％,(72.96±6.53)％,(61.01±4.86)％,(51.20±3.13)％,(42.10±5.94)％,(38.93±3.18)％and(33.48±2.94)％,respectively.Toosendanin significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells.The proliferation rates of cells in the control group,toosendanin group,toosendanin+pcDNA group,and toosendanin+CDCA5 group were(100.00±4.19)％,(49.18±6.70)％,(55.75±5.74)％,and(77.66±7.48)％,respectively;the expression levels of CDCA5 protein were 1.08±0.11,0.44±0.04,0.43±0.05 and 0.99±0.10,respectively.The expression levels of CDCA5 protein in tumor tissues of nude mice in the sh-NC group,sh-CDCA5 group,toosendanin+sh-NC group,and toosendanin+sh-CDCA5 group were 1.04±0.14,0.42±0.04,0.56±0.08 and 0.32±0.04,respectively.Compared with the sh-NC group,the tumor blocks formed by nude mice in other groups were significantly smaller,and the tumor volume and weight were significantly lower(all P＜0.05).Compared with the toosendanin+sh-NC group,the toosendanin+sh-CDCA5 group had more significant inhibitory effect on tumor formation,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Toosendanin can inhibit the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo,which is mainly related to the inhibition of CDCA5 expression.

Objective To assess the reinforcing effect and operability of DNV-1929 in canine lungs so as to provide scientific basis for its clinical application by observing its characterisation during surgical resection.Methods Fifteen Beagles of 10-to 15-month-old,randomly assigned to three experimental groups,were used in this study for implantation experiments with DNV-1929 and negative control material.The experimental animals were housed in a defined environment and detailed clinical observations were made before and after the experiments.By using specific surgical techniques,the materials were implanted into different parts of the left lung of the dogs and their pressure resistance was assessed by airway pressure tests.The handling properties of the implanted materials were also evaluated.At weeks 2 and 4 after implantation,macroscopic visual observations and pathological examinations were performed on three sites of the canine left lung,the posterior anterior anterior lobe,the anterior posterior lobe,and and the posterior posterior lobe,in order to compare the tissue response of DNV-1929 with that of the negative control material.In addition,all experimental animals were evaluated for safety,including monitoring of clinical signs,food intake,and body weight.Results At airway pressure levels up to 35 hPa,both DNV-1929 and the negative control material showed similar pressure resistance with no gas leakage at the implantation site.During the procedure,DNV-1929 showed similar manoeuvrability to the negative control material,with no significant abnormalities observed.As seen by visual pathological observation after 2 and 4 weeks of implantation,both materials formed an encapsulation around the implantation site and underwent different degrees of adhesion with the thoracic organs,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).There were more residual implants in the DNV-1929 group at 2 weeks and almost disappeared at 4 weeks of implantation,whereas a small amount of implanted material was still present in the negative control group,but residual material did not differ significantly between the two groups(P＞0.05).Histological evaluation showed that the subtotal score of inflammatory condition of DNV-1929 in the 2-week implantation group was slightly higher than that of the negative control substance(P=0.016),while the subtotal score of inflammatory condition in the 4-week implantation group was not statistically different compared with that of the negative control substance(P＞0.05).In terms of safety evaluation,the experimental dogs did not show any clinical abnormality or reduction in food intake during the study period,and there was no death on the day of implantation of DNV-1929 and the negative control substance.There was no significant change in body weight of the experimental dogs during the study cycle(P＞0.05).Conclusion DNV-1929 demonstrated a strengthening effect and good manoeuvrability in canine lungs with no toxic effects on surrounding tissues.This provides preliminary evidence for the use of DNV-1929 in surgical treatment of the lung,establishes scientific basis for its use in clinical practice,and demonstrates its potential value.

This article summarized Professor Liu Qiquan's clinical experience in treating urethral syndrome from the perspective of"regulating the five internal organs to calm the spleen and stomach".It is believed that urethral syndrome is located in the urethra,and its core pathogenesis is disharmony between the spleen and stomach,obstruction of dampness,and unfavorable water channel.Therefore,"tranquilizing the spleen and stomach"should be carried out throughout the treatment.At the same time,the occurrence of the disease is closely related to the disorder of the five internal organs.External sensation,internal injury,emotion,diet,fatigue and visceral disorders will affect the function of the five internal organs and then the disease will occur.In clinical practice,based on the idea of"regulating the five internal organs to calm the spleen and stomach",according to the symptoms and manifestations of the patients,the treatment can be guided by comprehensively using the methods of raising the clear and lowering the turbid to harmonize the stomach and dredge the drench,nourishing the heart and clearing the heart to purge heat and dredge the drench,benefiting the lung and purging heat to relieve dampness and dredge the drench,tonifying the kidney and warming the yang to dissipate qi and dredge the drench,dredging the liver and clearing the liver to promote the flow of qi and dredge the drench,which can make the five internal organs harmonious,benefit the waterways.Finally,the symptoms would be reduced and the disease would be cured.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with lower cervical fracture is often categorized into unstable fracture, with a high incidence of neurological injury and a high rate of disability and morbidity. As factors such as shoulder occlusion may affect the accuracy of X-ray imaging diagnosis, it is often easily misdiagnosed at the primary diagnosis. Non-operative treatment has complications such as bone nonunion and the possibility of secondary neurological damage, while the timing, access and choice of surgical treatment are still controversial. Currently, there are no clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture with or without dislocation. To this end, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedics Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts to formulate Clinical guidelines for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis combined with lower cervical fracture in adults ( version 2024) in accordance with the principles of evidence-based medicine, scientificity and practicality, in which 11 recommendations were put forward in terms of the diagnosis, imaging evaluation, typing and treatment, etc, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of AS combined with lower cervical fracture.

Objective To investigate whether curdione inhibits the formation of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in rats through thrombolytic effects.Methods Twenty-five rats were randomly divided into five groups,the normal control group,the sham operation group,the model group,the low dose group of curdione(60 mg/kg)and the high dose group of curdione(120 mg/kg),with five rats in each group.Using the inferior vena cava ligation model,blood was taken from the pulmonary aorta in a sodium citrate anticoagulant tube one week after drug administration.The coagulation and fibrinolytic indexes Fibrin Degradation Products,(FDP),D-dimer(D-D),plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI)-1 and plasminogen(PLG)were detected in each group;the thrombus weight/weight-length ratio was detected;and the formation of venous thrombus in the lower limbs of rats was detected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining nuclear factor;NF-κB protein expression in inferior vena cava tissues was dectected by Western Blot assay.Results There was no significant difference in plasma FDP levels among groups of rats(P＞0.05);compared with the model group,the plasma FDP and D-D levels of rats in each dosing group were increased,the plasma PAI-1 and PLG levels were elevated,and the fibrinolytic effect was better in the group with high dose of curdione administration than in the group with low dose of curdione administration(P＜0.05);compared with the model group,the thrombus weight/weight-length ratio,the thrombus mass and NF-κB protein expression in the curdione dosing group were decreased.Conclusion Curdione can inhibit the formation of DVT in rats by influencing the fibrinolytic regulators.

Objective: To analyze the impact of parental sports concept and behavior on physical activity in preschool children, so as to provide a foundation for future guidance on fostering childrens physical activity within the family context. Methods: From November to December 2020, a clustered convenience sampling method was employed to conduct surveys, and a total of 283 children were selectal from one kindergarten each in Beijing, Shenyang, and Xian. Participating children wore ActiGraph GT9X accelerometers continuously for one week to collect data on different intensity levels of physical activity. Physical Activity afterschool Questionnaire for Preschooler (P-PAQ) was utilized to assess parental sports concept and behavior. The gender differences in physical activity level and physical activity compliance rate were analyzed by using ttest, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chisquare test; and the relationship between parental exercise concepts and behaviors and physical activity of preschool children was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Parental sports concept was significantly positively correlated with average daily moderatetovigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity (TPA) in children (r=0.12-0.16, P<0.05). Parental sports behavior was significantly positively correlated with childrens average daily TPA (r=0.25, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression revealed that parental sports concept was positively correlated with average daily MVPA and TPA in both boys and girls (B=0.65-0.83), while parental sports behavior only was positively correlated with boys average daily MVPA and TPA (B=0.24-0.25)(P<0.05). Conclusions Parental sports concept and behavior can impact physical activity levels in preschool children, exhibiting gender differences. Future guidance on physical activity in family upbringing should consider both parental sports concept and behavior, and pay attention to the influence of childrens gender.

To determine the main components of the fishy smell of the Eupolyphaga Steleophaga, and to provide a theoretical basis for deodorizing the Eupolyphaga Steleophaga. METHODS Head space-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the components of 10 batches of Eupolyphaga Steleophaga, and area normalization method and chemometrics method were used to analyze the smelly gas of different batches. Odor activity value(OAV) was used to evaluate the contribution of odor components and identify key odor components. RESULTS A total of 87 volatile odor components were identified, the key fishy smell compounds(OAV≥1) were m-methylphenol, dimethyltrisulfide, 4-methylphenol, 2-methyliso-borneol, 2-etzol, 4-methylvaleric acid, iso-valeric acid, etc. Modified fishy gas composition(0.1

Objective:To dynamically monitor the changes of fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2), Vaspin and transport protein (TSPO) in the perioperative period of craniocerebral trauma, and analyze their correlation with disease progression and significance.Methods:One hundred and eight patients with craniocerebral trauma admitted to Hubei Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital Guanghuayuan District from June 2019 to June 2022 were selected and according the scores of Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 3 months postoperatively they were divided into good group (GOS 4 - 5 scores, 68 cases) and poor group (GOS 1 - 3 scores, 40 cases). The changes of FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO were monitored and compared between the two groups at preoperatively, 1 d postoperatively and 3 d postoperatively. Pearson analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO at 1, 3 d postoperatively. The value of FGL2, Vaspin, TSPO and combined prediction of disease regression at 3 d postoperatively was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The rate of multiple injuries and brain herniation formation in the poor group were higher than those in the good group: 30.00% (12/40) vs. 7.35% (5/68), 20.00% (8/40) vs. 2.94% (2/68), and the scores of Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was lower than that in the good group: (8.04 ± 1.25) scores vs. (9.18 ± 1.33) scores, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The levels of FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO were all higher at 1 d postoperatively than before surgery in patients with different disease regressions, with each index decreasing at 3 d postoperatively compared with 1 d postoperatively in the good group, but continuing to increase at 3 d postoperatively in the bad group ( P<0.05). The levels of FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO in the poor group were higher than those in the good group at 1 d and 3 d postoperatively: at 1 d postoperatively: (314.01 ± 88.67) μg/L vs. (275.33 ± 79.24) μg/L, (0.27 ± 0.08) μg/L vs. (0.22 ± 0.07) μg/L, (3.28 ± 1.03) μg/L vs. (2.01 ± 0.64) μg/L; at 3 d postoperatively: (374.85 ± 92.33) μg/L vs. (259.94 ± 81.78) μg/L, (0.30 ± 0.09) μg/L vs. (0.20 ± 0.06) μg/L, (3.77 ± 1.15) μg/L vs. (1.68 ± 0.52) μg/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The results of Pearson analysis showed that FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO were negatively correlated with GOS scores at 1 d and 3 d postoperatively (at 1 d postoperatively: r = - 0.729, - 0.796, - 0.814, P<0.05; at 3 d postoperatively: r = - 0.862, - 0.855, - 0.905, P<0.05), FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO were more strongly correlated with GOS scores at 3 d postoperatively (larger r values). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO all had a predictive value for disease regression, and the area under the curve of FGL2 combined with Vaspin and TSPO was the largest (0.923 , 95% CI 0.855 to 0.965). Conclusions:There are many influencing factors in the prognosis of craniocerebral trauma. The changes of FGL2, Vaspin and TSPO during the perioperative period can predict the progress and regression of patients, and the combined dynamic monitoring is more conductive to evaluate the prognosis.