Objective:This study constructs a strategic model for healthy city construction using Hubei Province as a case study,aiming to provide a reference for advancing healthy city initiatives.Methods:Utilizing grounded theory,we analyzed interview data from 9 cities in Hubei.Through open coding,principal axis coding,and selective coding,we identified and refined the strategic components for healthy city construction.Results:The strategies for healthy city construction in Hubei encompasses 30 initial categories,11 main categories,and 3 core categories:government initiative-led,departmental cooperation,and social co-construction and co-governance.This framework culminates in a theoretical model centered on sustainable construction,with the long-term improvement of population health as the ultimate goal.Conclusion:The strategies of government initiative-led,departmental cooperation,and social co-construction and co-governance function synergistically as guiding,implementing,and mobilizing frameworks for healthy city construction.By integrating these strategies,we can promote the sustainability of healthy cities and ultimately achieve long-term improvement of population health level.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the large polar fraction of the roots of Lindera reflexa Hemsl.and their antitumor activities.METHODS The large polar fraction from the roots of L.reflexa was isolated and purified by silica gel column,Sephadex LH-20 gel column,semi-preparative HPLC and ODS medium pressure column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antitumor activities were determined by MTT method.RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as 2,6-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyphenol-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),syringin(3),1-O-3,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenyl-(6-O-3,5-dimethoxygalloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),p-cymen-7-yl β-D-glucopyranoside(5),pisumionoside(6),staphylionoside D(7),dendranthemoside B(8),lynoiside(9),nudiposide(10),icariside B1(11),(2S)-pinocembrin-7-O-(6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside)(12),(+)-N-(methoxycarbonyl)-N-norboldine(13).Compounds 3 and 13 showed obvious cytotoxicity against human lung cancer cells(A549)and human gastric cancer cells(MGC80-3).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-13 are isolated from the roots of L.reflexa for the first time.Compounds 3 and 13 have good anti-tumor activities.

Objective:To investigate the effect of holistic thinking training mode on establishing clinical holistic thinking in endodontic practice teaching for students.Methods:Holistic thinking training mode was applied among Batch 2013 (group A, n=174) and Batch 2014 (group B, n=92) students of Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University. The teaching results were evaluated by the scores before and after the training and questionnaire, and by comparing their scores with those of Batch 2012 (group C, n=88) students. SPSS 20.0 was used to conduct one-way ANOVA and t test. Results:Compared the scores of students in group A with group B, the total scores before and after the training and the scores of "case report" were not statistically different, but the scores of holistic thinking were significantly improved after the training. Compared with the scores of students in group C, the total scores after the training and the "case report" scores of group A and B were significantly higher. The results of the questionnaire showed that 87.9%(153/174) of the students thought the training mode was conducive to the establishment of holistic thinking, but 77.6%(135/174) thought further improvement was needed in terms of content and time allocation.Conclusion:Holistic thinking training mode has a positive effect on the endodontic practice teaching, and is worth promoting in other departments after further improvement.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) imaging system with optimizes imaging chain. METHODS: Based on 3D tomography and DBT imaging scanning, we analyzed the methods for projection data correction, geometric correction, projection enhancement, filter modulation, and image reconstruction, and established a hardware testing platform. In the experiment, the standard ACR phantom and high-resolution phantom were used to evaluate the system stability and noise level. The patient projection data of commercial equipment was used to test the effect of the imaging algorithm. RESULTS: In the high-resolution phantom study, the line pairs were clear without confusing artifacts in the images reconstructed with the geometric correction parameters. In ACR phantom study, the calcified foci, cysts, and fibrous structures were more clearly defined in the reconstructed images after filtering and modulation. The patient data study showed a high contrast between tissues, and the lesions were more clearly displayed in the reconstructed image. CONCLUSIONS This DBT imaging system can be used for mammary tomography with an image quality comparable to that of commercial DBT systems to facilitate imaging diagnosis of breast diseases.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Breast ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; methods ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; methods

Malignant tumor is one of the main causes for death in the world at present as well as a major disease seriously harming human health and life and restricting the social and economic development. There are many kinds of reports about traditional Chinese medicine patent prescriptions, empirical prescriptions and self-made prescriptions treating cancer, and prescription rules were often analyzed based on medication frequency. Such methods were applicable for discovering dominant experience but hard to have an innovative discovery and knowledge. In this paper, based on the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance system, the software integration of mutual information improvement method, complex system entropy clustering and unsupervised entropy-level clustering data mining methods was adopted to analyze the rules of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for cancer. Totally 114 prescriptions were selected, the frequency of herbs in prescription was determined, and 85 core combinations and 13 new prescriptions were indentified. The traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance system, as a valuable traditional Chinese medicine research-supporting tool, can be used to record, manage, inquire and analyze prescription data.
Drug Prescriptions ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

Pdm09 virus outbreak occurred in Mainland China in May 2009, a few months later, the prevalence of seasonal H1N1(sH1N1) influenza virus that already circulated in human for tens of years began to decline and disappeared afterwards. To identify the reason for the rapid decline of sH1N1 in mainland China, we sequenced the HA1 of sH1N1 during 2006-2011, and then analyzed the selective pressure in different phases. Our results showed before Pdm09 outbreak, the omega value was 0. 36 while after Pdm09 outbreak the omega value was 0. 28 and significant difference (t test, P<0. 05) was identified. We concluded that sH1N1 obtained stronger purifying selection after Pdm09 outbreak in China. This might one of the major reasons causing the disappearance of sH1N1 in human.
China ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Seasons ; Selection, Genetic

In order to understand the prevalence and variation of influenza B viruses, the antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza B viruses circulating in Mainland China during April, 2011 to March, 2012 were analyzed. The results showed the B Victoria lineage viruses were much more prevalent than B Yamagata lineage during this period, phylogenetic analysis showed vast majority of Victoria lineage viruses belong to genetic group 1, intra-clade reassortant between HA1 and NA gene was identified in a minor proportion of the viruses. 72.8% of the B/Victoria-lineage viruses were antigenically closely related to the vaccine strain B/Brisbane/60/2008. B Yamagata component was not included in the trivalent influenza vaccine in China during the study period, however vast majority of B Yamagata lineage viruses were antigenically and genetically closely related to the representative virus B/Hubei-Wujiagang/158/2009(97.8%) and B/Sichuan-Anyue/139/2011(85.2%) in China, reassortant between HA1 and NA was not identified in B Yamagata lineage viruses. Overall, the predominant circulating influenza B viruses in 2011-2012 season in China were matched by current influenza vaccine and the selected representative viruses were proved to represent the antigenic and genetic characteristics of the circulating viruses.
China ; Humans ; Influenza B virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; Influenza Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology ; Phylogeny ; Time Factors

To study the prevalence and variation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses, the antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H3N2) viruses circulating in Mainland China during April 2011 to March 2012 were analyzed. The results showed that influenza A(H3N2) viruses increased gradually since 2012 and became the dominant strain since March. The viruses were antigenically closely related to the vaccine strain A/PER/16/09 (87.2%) and the representative virus A/FJ/196/09 (76.0%) in Mainland China. The genetic characteristics analysis results showed that recently isolated viruses belonged to the Vic/208 clade, and most of the low reaction strains also fell into the same clade. Crystal structure analysis of HA protein found that, compared with the vaccine strain A/PER/16/09, the recently isolated viruses had amino acid substitutions in the antigenic site A, B and C areas, in addition to gaining potential glycosylation sites at the amino acid position of 45 of HA and 367 of NA. Although the majority of circulating influenza A (H3N2) viruses in 2011-2012 season in Mainland China were antigeniclly matched by current influenza vaccine strain and the selected representative viruses, low reaction strains have increased since 2012, therefore it is necessary to strengthen the surveillance on the variation of influenza virus and to provide solid information for the vaccine strain selection.
Amino Acid Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny

BACKGROUNDThe pathological diagnosis is of critical importance to the subsequent treatment for the pathients with superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS). The aim of this study is to report our experience in the diagnosis of SVCS by endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).

METHODSThe data of 520 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA from September 2009 to May 2012 at our institution were reviewed. Of these, there were 14 males and 6 females (mean age of 59.1 years) with SVCS who received EBUS-TBNA that were included in the analysis.

RESULTSThe mean short axis diameter of the paratracheal lesions was (3.32 ± 1.79) cm (range, 1.69 to 9.50 cm) and 6 cases also had subcarinal lymph node enlargement with a mean short axis diameter of (2.14 ± 0.49) cm (range, 1.73 to 3.01 cm). An average of 4.3 punctures was performed per lesion. Malignancy was confirmed in 16 cases (10 small cell carcinomas, 4 adenocarcinomas, 1 squamous cell carcinoma and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma). In two patients, pathological examination of tissue revealed no evidence of malignancy and for 13 to 24 months of follow-up. One patient from whom adequate tissue was not obtained refused further surgical biopsy since he had undergone endovascular stenting of the SVC. One patient in whom a diagnosis was not obtained by EBUS-TBNA underwent thoracoscopic biopsy and the final diagnosis was B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The diagnosis accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in SVCS was 18/20 patients.

CONCLUSIONEBUS-TBNA is a highly effective and safe procedure for the diagnosis of SVCS.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Bronchoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate and compare mental health of employed nurses in private hospitals and public hospitals,so as to provide references for management of nursing human resources.Methods SCL-90 was used to investigate mental health of 315 employed nurses in private hospitals and 394 employed nurses in public hospitals,and compare their scores of each factor.Results The score of somatization,obsessivecompulsivesymptoms and interpersonal sensitivity in SCL-90 was respectively (1.32 ± 0.63),(1.52 ± 0.61),(1.22 ± 0.32) in nurses of private hospitals,higher than (1.22 ± 0.55),(0.95 ± 0.36),(0.53 ± 0.19) in nurses of public hospitals,and the differences were statistically significant (t =0.92,7.01,14.30,respectively;P ＜ 0.05).Scores of other factors in SCL-90 also had statistically significant differences between two types of hospitals (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Analysis on the psychological problems of employed nurses in private hospitals suggest that nurses' physical and psychological health is directly related to their work enthusiasm,initiative,subjective happiness,sense of job accomplishment and their control over self-understanding and interpersonal conflicts,thereby affecting the stability of the nursing team,the nursing quality and the satisfaction rate of patients.Hospital managers should take effective measures to maintain nurses' mental health,improve the management level of nursing human resources and promote the development of the hospital.