Objective    To compare the in-hospital outcomes of transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TA-TAVR) for bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) patients. Methods    Patients (including BAV and TAV patients) who underwent TA-TAVR with the J-ValveTM in West China Hospital from July 2014 to July 2020 were included consecutively. The clinical outcomes of the patients were analyzed. Results    A total of 354 patients were included in the study, 75 in the BAV group and 279 in the TAV group. There were 229 males and 125 females with a mean age of 72.2±6.0 years. No death occurred during the procedure, and the overall technical success rate was 97.7%. The all-cause in-hospital mortality rate was 1.4%. Twenty (26.7%) patients with BAV and 46 (16.5%) patients with TAV had mild or higher perivalvular leaks immediately after the procedure. No patients with BAV required permanent pacemaker implantation postoperatively, while 13 (4.7%) TAV patients required permanent pacemaker implantation, with an overall pacemaker implantation rate of 3.7%. One (1.3%) BAV patient and 7 (2.5%) TAV patients developed acute kidney injury postoperatively. One (1.3%) BAV patient and 1 (0.4%) TAV patient developed peri-operative myocardial infarction. The average postoperative hospital stay was 7.6±3.6 d for BAV patients and 8.6±6.1 d for TAV patients. There was no statistical difference in primary or secondary in-hospital outcomes between BAV and TAV patients (P>0.05). Conclusion    Compared to TAV patients, BAV patients have similar in-hospital outcomes, with a low incidence of adverse clinical outcomes, which provides preliminary evidence for its implementation in Chinese patients with a high proportion of BAV.

Humans ; Fibula ; Sarcoma/surgery* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics* ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Repressor Proteins/genetics*

Acute Kidney Injury ; Creatinine ; Humans ; Kidney ; Oxalates ; Retrospective Studies

Humans ; Lung ; Pneumoconiosis/diagnostic imaging* ; Radiography ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Automobiles ; Hearing Loss, High-Frequency ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/etiology* ; Humans ; Male ; Noise, Occupational/adverse effects* ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Occupational Exposure

The cochlea of children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss with normal inner ear structure was measured and analyzed by high-resolution temporal bone CT(HRCT) imaging technique,its application value before cochlear implantation was evaluated and the appropriate electrode was selected.We collected temporal bone HRCT images of 120 patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss,according to gender divided into two groups,including 60 males and 60 females.We used the PACS software to measure the distance A(the largest distance from the round window to the lateral wall) and the distance H(height of the cochlea) and calculate the cochlear duct length. Reproducibility of these data were evaluated and the results between the different groups were compared.Measurement of parameter values between the intraobserver and interobserver showed great reproducibility. In the male children group,the measured values are shown as distance A［(8.55±0.31)mm］,distance H［(4.57±0.28)mm］and the cochlear duct length(CDL)［(27.59±1.23)mm］; and in the female children group, the measured values are shown as distance A［(8.45±0.32)mm］,distance H［(4.42±0.34)mm］and the cochlear duct length(CDL)［(27.20±1.17)mm.The A,H,and CDL of the male cochlea were greater than those of the female, the difference was statistically significant(<0.05).Measuring the distance A and distance H of the cochlea and calculating the cochlear duct length CDL can be used to select a suitable length of electrode or to customize a personalized electrode. This is a simple and effective assessment method before cochlear implantation..

Objective: To understand the prevalence of major human parasitic diseases and related factors in Henan province. Methods: This stratified sampling survey was carried out according to the requirement of national survey protocol of major human parasitic diseases, 2014-2015. The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths infection, taeniasis and intestinal protozoiasis were surveyed in 104 sites selected from 35 counties (districts) and the prevalence of clonorchiasis was surveyed in 62 sites selected from 37 townships. In each survey spot, 250 persons were surveyed. A total of 26 866 persons and 15 893 persons were surveyed. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear was used to detect the eggs of intestinal helminthes. Tube fecal culture was used to identify the species of hookworm. The Enterobius eggs were detected in children aged 3 to 6 years by using adhesive tape. The cyst and trophozoite of intestinal protozoa were examined with physiological saline direct smear method and iodine stain method. Results: The overall infestation rate of intestinal parasites was2.02% in Henan, and the worm infection rate was higher than protozoa infection rate. Fourteen kinds of intestinal parasites were found, including nematode (5 species), trematode (2 species), and protozoan (7 species). The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis was highest, and Qinba Mountain ecological area had the highest infestation rate of intestinal parasites in 4 ecological areas of Henan. There was no significant difference in intestinal parasite infection rate between males and females (χ(2)=3.630, P=0.057), and the differences in intestinal parasite infection rate among different age groups had significance (χ(2)=124.783, P=0.000 1). The infection rate reached the peak in age group ≤9 years and the major parasite was Enterobius vermicularis. Furthermore the overall human infection rate of parasite showed a downward trend with the increase of educational level of the people (χ(2)=70.969, P=0.000 1), the differences had significance (χ(2)=120.118, P=0.000 1). For different populations, the infection rate of intestinal parasites was highest among preschool children. The infection of intestinal helminth was mainly mild, only 2 severe cases were detected. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis in urban residents was only 0.006%. Logistic regression analysis showed that being preschool children (χ(2)=15.765, P=0.000 1) and drinking well water (χ(2)=45.589, P=0.000 1) were the risk factors for intestinal parasite infection, and annual income per capita of farmers was the protective factor against intestinal parasite infection. The infection rates of protozoa and intestinal parasites decreased sharply compared with the results of previous two surveys, and the rate of intestinal helminth infection also dropped sharply compared with the second survey. The numbers of protozoa, helminth and intestinal parasites detected in this survey were all less than the numbers found in the previous two surveys. Conclusions: Compared the results of three surveys in Henan, the infection rate of protozoa and intestinal parasites showed a downward trend. The prevention and treatment of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children should be the key point of parasitic disease control in the future.
Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clonorchiasis/epidemiology* ; Farmers ; Feces/parasitology* ; Female ; Helminthiasis/epidemiology* ; Helminths ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology* ; Male ; Prevalence ; Protective Factors ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Soil Microbiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Taeniasis/epidemiology* ; Trematode Infections/parasitology* ; Urban Population ; Water Wells

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases caused by Coxsackie virus A16 (Cox A16) in Guangdong province from 2012 to 2016. Methods: The data of mild HFMD cases caused by Cox A16 were collected from 8 sentinel hospitals in 8 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong to estimate Cox A16 infection status and its population and time distribution characteristics. Results: (1) The highest estimated incidence of Cox A16 infection was in 2014 (113.0/100 000), followed by 2016 (86.4/100 000) and 2012 (79.1/100 000), while the estimated incidence was lower in 2015 (29.0/100 000) and 2013 (28.8/100 000). (2) Cox A16 was confirmed to be the predominant pathogen causing HFMD outbreaks (54.6%, 89/163). The number of outbreaks in the year with high incidence (28 outbreaks) was 11.2 times higher than that in the year with low incidence (2.5 outbreaks). (3) Across all age groups, the annual estimated incidence of Cox A16 infection decreased with age (trend χ(2)=853 905.63, P<0.01). The incidence was highest in age group 1 year (1 449.2/100 000), followed by that in age group 3 years (1 097.0/100 000), in age group 2 years (1 083.5/100 000), in age group 4 years (687.8/100 000) and in age group 0 year (604.9/100 000). Among the age groups <12 months, the estimated incidence increased with age (trend χ(2)=5 541.77, P<0.01), which was highest in age group 11-months (2 105.1/100 000), followed by that in age groups 10-months (1 448.6/100 000), 9-months (938.3/100 000), 8-months (703.3/100 000) and 6-months (664.6/100 000). (4) The annual incidence peak was during May (143.9/100 000)-June (131.5/100 000). Conclusion: The prevalence of Cox A16 infection differed with year in Guangdong during 2012-2016. When the incidence of Cox A16 infection was high, more outbreaks occurred. The prevalence occurred mainly in nurseries and kindergartens from May to June each year. Children aged 0-4 years were the high risk group for Cox A16 infection, children aged 6-11 months were at high risk for Cox A16 infection.
Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cities ; Coxsackievirus Infections/epidemiology* ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus A, Human/isolation & purification* ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/epidemiology* ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Schools

Objective: To evaluate the effect of health literacy and exercise-focused interventions on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in China. Methods: In this cluster randomized controlled trial, a total of 799 T2DM patients with most recent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 7.5% (or fasting plasma glucose level ≥10 mmol/L) were recruited from 8 communities in Minhang and Changning districts of Shanghai, and randomized into a health literacy intervention group, an exercise intervention group, a comprehensive intervention group and a control group. After baseline survey and examination, a one-year intervention and 3 times (at 3(rd), 6(th), and 12(th) month) follow-up surveys were conducted. Results: The follow-up rates for all the subjects were 99.4%, 98.4% and 95.2%, respectively, at 3(rd), 6(th) and 12(th) month. Patients in intervention groups were more likely to achieve a goal HbA1c level (HbA1c <7.0%) than those in control group, with the highest glycemic control rate (25.3%) observed in comprehensive intervention group at 3(rd) month and then in exercise intervention group (25.3% and 34.6%) respectively, at 6(th) month and 12(th) month. The average levels of HbA1c in three intervention groups were lower at each follow-up time point than those at baseline survey. However, the decreases in HbA1c were obvious only at 6(th) month (P<0.001), with ls-mean (95%CI) of -0.48% (-0.71%, -0.25%), -0.33% (-0.55%, -0.11%) and -0.70% (-0.92%, -0.48%), respectively, in comprehensive, health literacy and exercise intervention groups, but it increased slightly by 0.03% (-0.19%, 0.25%) in control group. Compared with control group, the interventions were significantly associated with the decrease of HbA1c level, with the most improvement observed in comprehensive group (β=-0.47, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.20) at 3(rd) month, and in exercise intervention group at 6(th) month (β=-0.73, 95%CI: -0.98, -0.47) and at 12(th) month (β=-0.75, 95%CI: -1.05, -0.45) of follow-up. Stratified analyses showed that patients with lower health literacy level could benefit from any intervention, while those with higher numeracy skill benefited more from exercise intervention. Conclusion: Both health literacy and exercise-focused interventions may decrease HbA1c level in patients with T2DM, which would be helpful in reducing the risks of complications and deaths in diabetes patients.
Blood Glucose/analysis* ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy* ; Disease Management ; Exercise ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis* ; Health Literacy ; Humans ; Patient Education as Topic ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To assess the implementation and impact of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Methods: Both sociological and epidemiological methods were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data in November and December, 2016 in order to conduct on process and outcome evaluation of the above mentioned objective. In the meantime, case study was also conducted. Results: All the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were found well implemented across the country, with health education and health promotion, surveillance and safeguard measures in particular. A government-led and inter-sector coordination and communication mechanism had been well established, with more than 16 non-health departments actively involved. 28.7% of the residents living in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were aware of the key messages related to chronic diseases. Among the residents, 72.1% of them consumed vegetables and 53.6% consumed fruits daily, with another 86.9% walked at least 10 minutes per day. Over 70% of the patients with hypertension or diabetes reported that they were taken care of by the Community Health Centers, and above 50% of them were under standardized management. Residents, living in the National Demonstration Areas under higher ranking of implementation scores, were more likely to be aware of relevant knowledge on chronic disease control and prevention (OR=6.591, 95%CI: 5.188-8.373), salt reduction (OR=1.352, 95%CI: 1.151-1.589), oil reduction (OR=1.477, 95%CI: 1.249-1.746) and recommendation on physical activities (OR=1.975, 95%CI: 1.623- 2.403). Conclusion: The implementation of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases had served a local platform for the control and prevention of non-communicable diseases, and thus become an important 'carrier' for chronic disease prevention and control programs in China.
China/epidemiology* ; Chronic Disease/epidemiology* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Promotion/organization & administration* ; Humans ; National Health Programs ; Noncommunicable Diseases/prevention & control* ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Population Surveillance ; Preventive Health Services/organization & administration* ; Program Evaluation ; Public Health