Objective:To evaluate the effect of emodin on liver injury in a mouse model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and the role of heme oxygenase-1-mediated autophagy.Methods:Twenty-four SPF-grade healthy male C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group), I/R group, emodin group (E group) and emodin plus HO-1 inhibitor Zinc Protoporphyrin Ⅸ (ZnPP) group (ES group). The intestinal I/R injury model was established by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Emodin 40 mg/kg dissolved in 5% methylcellulose sodium was given by gastric gavage once a day for 5 days before ischemia in E group. Emodin 40 mg/kg dissolved in 5% methylcellulose sodium was given by gastric gavage once a day for 5 days before intestinal I/R, and ZnPP 7.5 mg/kg was injected via the tail vein at 12 h before ischemia in ES group. Orbital venous blood samples were collected at the end of reperfusion for determination of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations. Then the mice were sacrificed, and liver tissues were obtained for microscopic examination of the pathological changes (after HE staining) and for determination of the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) mRNA (by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction), the expression of HO-1, autophagy-related protein Beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) (by Western blot). The LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was calculated. Results:Compared with Sham group, the activity of SOD was significantly decreased, the content of MDA and serum ALT and AST concentrations were increased, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA and HO-1 was up-regulated, the expression of Beclin1 was down-regulated, the LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was decreased ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of liver tissues were found in I/R group. Compared with I/R group, the activity of SOD was significantly increased, the content of MDA and serum ALT and AST concentrations were decreased, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA was down-regulated, the expression of HO-1 and Beclin1 was up-regulated, the LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was increased ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of liver tissues were significantly attenuated in E group ( P<0.05). Compared with E group, the activity of SOD was significantly decreased, the content of MDA and serum ALT and AST concentrations were increased, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA was up-regulated, the expression of HO-1 and Beclin1 was down-regulated, the LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was decreased ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of liver tissues were aggravated in ES group. Conclusions:Emodin can alleviate liver injury induced by intestinal I/R in mice, and the mechanism may be related to the activation of HO-1-mediated autophagy.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the technique of autogenous bone graft combined with plate fixation in total knee arthroplasty(TKA) with severe proximal medial tibial bone defect. METHODS: From March 2012 to October 2018, 21 patients (9 males and 12 females) with severe bone defects in the proximal medial tibia during primary total knee arthroplasty were treated with autogenous structural bone grafting and steel plate fixation, with an age of 61 to 77 years old with an average of (69.6±9.1) years and a course of 64 to 257 months with an average of (73.6±170.7) months. According to Rand classification, there were 13 cases of type Ⅲb and 8 cases of type Ⅳb. Postoperative complications were observed, and knee joint function was evaluated by the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score and SF-36 quality of life score. RESULTS: All 21 patients were followed up for 37 to 64 months with an average of (49.5±13.7) months. The incisions of all patients healed smoothly, and 2 patients developed lower limb intermuscular venous plexus thrombosis after operation. There were no periprosthetic infection, loosening of prosthesis and other complications. The autogenous bone grafts of all patients achieved bony healing during postoperative X-ray follow-up, and the healing time was 8 to 13 months with an average of (10.1±2.3) months. The HSS score of patients increased significantly from 30 to 48 with an average of (53.4±4.2) before operation to 75 to 92 with an average of (81.2±8.4) at the final follow-up (P<0.05). The SF-36 quality of life score of patients after operation was significantly different from that before operation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The technique of autogenous bone graft combined with steel plate fixation can achieve satisfactory osseointegration effect in the treatment of severe proximal tibial bone defects in primary knee arthroplasty, with less complications and obvious improvement in knee function.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods* ; Tibia/transplantation* ; Bone Transplantation/methods* ; Quality of Life ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Steel

P1B-ATPases are a group of proteins that can transport heavy metal ions across membranes by hydrolyzing ATP and they are a subclass of the P-type ATPase family. It was found that P1B-ATPases are mainly responsible for the active transport of heavy metal ions in plants and play an important role in the regulation of heavy metal homeostasis in plants. In this paper, we dissusses the mechanism of P1B-ATPases from the structure and classification of P1B-ATPases, and review the current research progress in the function of P1B-ATPases, in order to provide reference for future research and application of P1B-ATPases in improving crop quality and ecological environment management.
Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism* ; Biological Transport ; Metals, Heavy ; Plants/enzymology*

Objective:This article explores the treatment of stage I thoracoscopic segmentectomy and lobectomy. The clinical efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer is to provide relevant evidence for clinical decision-making.Method:Computer searches were conducted on PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, Ovid Medline, Scopus database, and Google Scholar. The search time was from the establishment of the library to March 2019. A comparative study of thoracic segmental resection and lobectomy for clinical stage I NSCLC was performed and meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software.Restlus:A total of 16 retrospective clinical controlled studies were included in the study, with a total of 2 090 patients, including 696 in the thoracoscopic segmental resection group and 1 394 in the thoracoscopic lobectomy group. Meta-analysis showed that for clinical stage Ⅰ NSCLC, the incidence of complications after laparoscopic resection and lobectomy( RR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.59-1.02, P=0.07), postoperative recurrence rate( RR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.52-1.17, P=0.23), postoperative hospital stay( MD=-0.27, 95% CI: -0.58 to -0.05, P=0.10) and 5-year survival rate( RR=0.94, 95% CI: 0.87-1.03, P=0.17), tumor-free survival time( RR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-1.09, P=0.34), operation time( MD=-0.43, 95% CI: -10.10-9.25, P=0.93) The difference was not statistically significant, but laparoscopic lung segmentectomy can reduce intraoperative blood loss( MD=-23.81, 95% CI: -42.00 to -5.63, P=0.01), shortening Posterior chest tube drainage time( MD=-0.31, 95% CI: -0.51 to -0.12, P=0.002), but in the lymph node dissection, the segmentectomy was less than the lobectomy, the number of lymph node dissection( MD=-4.89, 95% CI: -7.57 to -2.20, P=0.0004). Percentage of postoperative/preoperative FVC%( MD=7.50, 95% CI: 5.81-9.18, P<0.00001) and 1-year postoperative/preoperative FEV1%( MD=8.26, 95% CI: 6.43-10.09, P<0.00001). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:In The course of clinical stage I NSCLC treatment, the two procedures were similar in terms of postoperative complications, operation time, recurrence rate, 5-year survival rate, tumor-free survival time and hospital stay, and fewer lung segments in lymph node dissection. In lobectomy, thoracoscopic segmental resection is better in terms of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative chest drainage time. Thoracoscopic segmentectomy may be more suitable for early stage non-small cell lung cancer. treatment method.

Objective To investigate the value of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI).Methods Pretreatment LDH level,pathological characteristic,tumor staging and treatment situation of 190 advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR sensitive mutation confirmed by pathology were retrospectively collected in Zhuhai People's Hospital of Guangdong Provice from July 2011 to July 2015.All the patients were divided into LDH normal group (LDH ≤252 U/L,n =78) and elevated group (LDH ＞ 252 U/L,n =112) according to pretreatment LDH level.Inaging evaluations of the patients were performed regularly,and the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded.The survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and survival difference between patients with different LDH level was compared by logrank test.Cox regression analysis was used to analyze prognostic factors for mortality.Results The objective response rate of the LDH normal group was 76.9％ (60/78),and the elevated group was 71.4％ (80/112),with no statistically significant difference (x2 =0.716,P =0.398).The disease control rate of the LDH normal group was 89.7％ (70/78),and the elevated group was 85.7％ (96/112),with no statistically significant difference (x2 =0.676,P =0.411).The median PFS of the LDH normal group was 11.5 months,and the elevated group was 9.7 months (x2 =5.92,P =0.015).The median OS was 31.0 months in the LDH normal group,and 26.1 months in the elevated LDH group (x2 =4.79,P =0.029).Both PFS and OS of patients with elevated LDH were shorter than those of patients with normal LDH.Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that tumor staging (HR =1.652,95％ CI:1.386-2.259,P =0.018),PS score (HR =2.248,95％ CI:1.507-3.846,P ＜ 0.001),carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) level (HR =1.250,95％ CI:1.066-1.703,P =0.037) and LDH level (HR =1.771,95 ％ CI:1.324-1.947,P =0.015) were independent prognostic factors in patients with advanced NSCLC.Conclusion Pretreatment serum LDH can not affect the objective response rate and disease control rate of EGFR-TKI in the treatment of advanced NSCLC,but can affect the PFS and OS of patients.Pretreatment serum LDH is an independent prognostic factor.

Objective To evaluate image quality of 3D-FIESTA-C sequence displaying lumbar spinal nerves and intervertebral discs in patients with low back pain.Methods Routine protocol for lumbar MRI examinations (sagittal IDEAL,sagittal T1 WI and axial T2 WI sequences)and sagittal 3D-FIESTA-C sequence were performed in 40 patients with low back pain.The MPR of the 3D-FIESTA-C images were used for further analysis.Two radiologists scored the different sequences of images independently.The SNR and the CNR between spinal nerves and cerebrospinal fluid were calculated at 3D-FIESTA-C,IDEAL,T2 WI sequences.Results The image scores of 3D-FIESTA-C (4.77±0.42)was higher than that of the routine protocol (3.00±0.32),and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.0 1 ). For 3D-FIESTA-C,IDEAL and T2 WI sequences,the SNR of the spinal nerves was 33.07±12.29,39.91 ±18.16,27.40±10.34,respectively,and there was no statistical difference between 3D-FIESTA-C and IDEAL,3D-FIESTA-C was better than T2 WI (P＜0.05).The SNR of cerebrospinal fluid was 26 9.1 5 ±70.30,21 3.1 3±40.52,1 1 9.25 ±35.1 5 ,respectively,and 3D-FIESTA-C was better than IDEAL,T2 WI sequences (P＝0.000).The CNR between spinal nerves and cerebrospinal fluid was 235.92±62.04,172.69±38.75,91.85±30.62,respectively,and 3D-FIESTA-C was better than IDEAL,T2 WI sequences (P＝0.000).Conclusion The 3D-FIESTA-C sequence could display spinal nerves and the relative spatial relationship between the spinal nerves and the intervertebral discs,and addition of a 3D-FIESTA-C sequence to a routine lumbar MR protocol may be useful in patients with low back pain.

Objective To develop a chemiluminescence imaging DNA microarray method for simultaneous,quick and accurate detection of serotypes of human adenovirus (HAdV ),namely,HAdV3,HAdV7,HAdV11,HAdV14 and HAdV55.Methods Based on the specific gene sequences in the conserved region of adenovirus from GenBank, oligonucleotide primers and probes were designed and synthesized to prepare the oligonucleotide microarray.The specific genomic sequences were amplified by multiplex PCR method.The multiplex PCR amplification products were hybridized with the specific probes of microarray that was scanned after washing and chemiluminescenceb before the result was analyzed.After optimization of the multiple PCR system,hybridization reactions and conditions of chemiluminescence,the specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility of the chip were evaluated.Results The microarray displayed high sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility.The minimum detection limit of plasmidg DNA was 3 ×103 copies/reaction.The microarray detection results of 38 clinical samples were approximately consistent with those using the direct sequencing method(37 /38).Conclusion A chemiluminescence imaging DNA microarray method for quick,sensitive and specific detection of five serotypes of HAdV is established,which can provide a new means for detecting serotypes of HAdV.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect caused by capecitabine compared with S-1 as maintenance treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods A total of 123 AGC patients who did not suffer disease progression after first-line chemotherapy were randomized into three groups. The capecitabine group(Cap)received maintenance chemotherapy with capecitabine(1000 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days,21 days/cycle),and the S-1 group(S1)received S-1(40,50,or 60 mg according to the body surface area and orally administered twice a day for 14 days ,21 days/cycle). The observation group was given the support-ive treatment. Patients kept this chemotherapy regimens until disease progressed or with intolerant toxicity. Re-sults The disease control rate was 70.7%in the Cap group and 80.5%in the S1 group(P=0.304). The median time of progression was 8.3 months in the Cap group and 8.5 months in the S1 group(P = 0.448). Maintenance chemotherapy groups showed better responses in the treatment group than the observation group ,which demonstrat-ed a median progression of 6.7 months(P<0.001). The median overall survival time was 15.3 months in the Cap group and 15.7 months in the S1 group(P = 0.637). Maintenance chemotherapy groups showed better responses than the observation group ,which demonstrated a median survival of 12.8 months (P < 0.05). The main side effects included hyperpigmentation,bone marrow suppression,nausea and vomiting and hand-foot syndrome. No death occurred in relation to the therapy. Conclusion The effectiveness of capecitabine and S-1 as maintenance chemotherapy in AGC patients after the first-line chemotherapy are similar,and both can prolong the time of overall survival. And the adverse reactions can be tolerated.

Objective To study the FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) gene, NPM1 gene and c-kit gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by extracting DNA from the storage of bone marrow slides, and to investigate the relationship between the three gene mutations and clinical features in AML. Methods The bone marrow slides of 55 patients diagnosed with AML were enrolled in this study. The PCR, DNA sequencing and molecular cloning were used to detect and analyse the FLT3-ITD, NPM1 and c-kit gene mutations. Patients' remission, progression and survival time were also recorded. Results The DNA was successfully extracted from the bone marrow slides with -20 ℃ frozen storage without Wright stained, chemically fixed, and room temperature storage Wright stained discoloured by phenol ∶ chloroform ∶ isoamyl alcohol method, which can be used in PCR, direct sequencing and molecular cloning sequencing analysis. 10 of the 55 cases (18.2 %) were FLT3-ITD positive, including 9 cases with heterozygous mutations and 1 case with homozygous mutation. FLT3-ITD positive group had lower complete remission (CR) rate, shorter event-free survival (EFS) time and overall survival (OS) time than the negative group (P< 0.05). 9 of the 55 cases (16.4 %) had NPM1 heterozygous gene mutations, all belonging to type A. The EFS rate of the patients with NPM1 mutation was higher in 10 months and the OS rate was higher in 19 months (P< 0.05). 3 of 9 NPM1 mutations patients were FLT3-ITD positive. The CR rates of the four groups after initial remission induction therapy in order were NPM1+FLT3-ITD-, NPM1-FLT3-ITD-, NPM1-FLT3-ITD+, NPM1+FLT3-ITD+(P<0.05). Besides, NPM1-FLT3-ITD+was a risk factor affecting the OS (RR=1.250, P=0.005). 2 of the 55 cases (3.6 %) had c-kit gene mutations, namely mutant D816H and mutant D816V. The c-kit gene mutations were not found in patients with FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations. Conclusions The FLT3-ITD mutation is a poor prognosis molecular marker in AML, and NPM1 mutation is a good factor for the prognosis. NPM1-FLT3-ITD+is a risk factor affecting OS. The rate of c-kit gene mutation is low in AML, without the overlap of FLT3 and NPM1 mutations.

Objective To develop a detection method based on the technology of gene chips which can quickly distinguish genes of Enterococcus faecalis, E.faecium and vancomycin resistance.Methods Based on the specific gene ( ddl) sequences of two types of Enterococcus from GenBank, oligonucleotide probes which could detect and distinguish special genes and drug resistance genes ( vanA,vanB) of Enterococcus were designed and compounded.Then,the probes were dotted to modified slide.The target DNA fragments of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus ( VRE) were labeled with biotin by multiple PCR amplification, and then hybridized with oligonucleotide probes on slide.The results were analyzed by portable imager.The multiple PCR system, hybridization reaction and condition of the chemiluminescence method were optimized before the specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the chip were evaluated.Results One universal primer, four specific primers, one universal probe and four specific probes were selected.This gene chip was demonstrated of high specificity and repeatability.The detection sensitivity was 103 CFU/ml.The gene chip detection results of 10 clinical samples were basically consistent with the drug sensitivity test ( 8/10 ) .Conclusion A gene chip technique for the detection of VRE is established successfully.It is possible to distinguish the type of VRE and detect the genetic phenotypes of drug resistance by gene chip technique.